Lone, MutahiraO'Mahony, SiobhainAlturkustani, Sarah2025-12-242025https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14154/77668A solid understanding of anatomy is essential for effective healthcare practice. Substantial changes, such as reduced teaching hours, alongside ongoing resource constraints and donor availability, have shaped anatomy education. In response, institutions have adopted time-efficient and cost-effective methods to attempt to maintain educational quality. Multimodal learning approaches have proven effective in enhancing students’ learning experiences and outcomes. Among these, art-based methods and visualisation technologies have shown value in conveying anatomical knowledge, particularly in illustrating spatial relationships and complex anatomical forms, as well as enhancing students' engagement with anatomy. This thesis evaluated the efficacy of innovative visualisation approaches in anatomy education, hypothesising that such methods enhance anatomical understanding, spatial perception, and the overall learning experience. The Haptico-Visual Observation and Drawing (HVOD) method was first examined through student perceptions (Chapter 2), revealing improved spatial understanding through the construction of 3D mental images. Objective assessment (Chapter 3) showed that HVOD-supported learning was associated with higher knowledge retention, and both studies reported positive student perceptions. The effectiveness of a 3D visualisation technology, Complete Anatomy, was then assessed for learning laryngeal anatomy (Chapter 4), which demonstrated improvements in knowledge acquisition, anatomical recognition, spatial understanding, and high levels of student satisfaction. In Chapter 5, students’ perceptions of the Virtual Reality anatomy software 3D Organon for learning anatomy and factors influencing future use were explored using the General Extended Technology Acceptance Model for E-Learning (GETAMEL). Enjoyment and perceived ease of use emerged as the strongest predictors of students’ perceptions of 3D Organon and their intentions to use the software for future learning. Finally, a lymphatic visualisation specimen was developed using subcutaneous injections and clearing methods on a pre-embalmed donor body (Chapter 6), demonstrating practical feasibility and effectively revealing lymphatic structures. As hypothesised, innovative anatomy visualisation approaches positively impacted knowledge acquisition and anatomical understanding while eliciting high levels of student satisfaction. These findings underscore the value of such approaches in complementing traditional anatomy teaching and addressing contemporary educational needs. In summary, each study highlighted distinct advantages of different visualisation approaches in anatomy education. Therefore, combining visualisation methods may offer a more rounded and practical anatomy learning experience. Future research and educational practice should explore integrated, multimodal approaches that support traditional teaching with innovative tools, including art-based methods and visualisation technology, to address educational needs and enhance learning outcomes.364enAnatomy TeachingAnatomy LearningAnatomy VisualisationTechnology-enhanced LearningDrawing-based LearningHealth Science EducationLymphatic VisualisationVR-based LearningThesis