Waters, MelissaBamuhair, Nusaybah2024-05-212024-05-212024https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14154/72095Overall, the thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of the principle of equality, its implications for governance and human rights, and the ongoing efforts to enhance political participation and gender equality in the Arab world, offering valuable insights and practical recommendations for policymakers and scholars alike.This thesis explores the multifaceted concept of equality within the context of modern governance, examining its evolution, application, and impact across various systems and historical periods. It delves into the principle of equality as a cornerstone of justice and human rights, highlighting its complexities and the challenges of achieving absolute parity in wealth and opportunities. Through a comparative analysis, the thesis examines the Islamic perspective on equality, emphasizing its historical significance and practical application in promoting legal and social equity. The thesis further explores the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), assessing the commitment and adherence of different states, with a focus on Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. It critically analyzes the progress and obstacles in these countries, offering insights into the broader challenges of enforcing international human rights instruments. A significant portion of the thesis is dedicated to examining political participation in the Arab world, with an emphasis on women's involvement in politics. It assesses the global and regional trajectories of women's political participation, identifying the unique challenges faced by women in Arab parliaments and the broader implications for gender equality and governance. The comparative study of the governmental systems of Saudi Arabia and Tunisia provides a nuanced understanding of their approaches to governance and women's rights. The thesis proposes a set of recommendations for Saudi Arabia, drawing lessons from Tunisia's successful journey to enhance political participation, gender parity.121en-USKeywords: Principle of EqualityModern GovernanceAbsolute ParityCommunismJusticeLegal EqualityRacial DiscriminationIslamic PerspectiveQuranic TeachingsSunnahFiqhHuman RightsCEDAW (Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women)Saudi ArabiaTunisiaPolitical ParticipationGender EqualityInternational Human Rights InstrumentsPolicy Recommendations.Thesis