Dr. Mike BlackRAKAN HAMED A ALJAIZANI2022-05-292022-05-29https://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/47384The human intrinsic foot muscles (IFM) play a crucial role in foot stability, force transmission and shock absorption during functional activities. The purpose of this study was to understand the functions of the intrinsic foot muscles and the most beneficial exercise used to treat foot conditions. The intrinsic foot muscles are the principal foot stabilizers and integral in the neural, active and passive subsystems that comprise the foot core. The intrinsic foot muscles are those that have origin and insertion sites within the foot. Their functions are providing stability of the foot and transmission of force during dynamic activities. Impairment of IFM structure and function is common in musculoskeletal pathologies and a consequence of diseases such as diabetes mellitus that cause pain and pressure related pathologies. Measurement of IFM activation and structure is challenging, especially in the clinical setting. Strengthening of the IFM has been suggested for the treatment of foot conditions such as plantar fasciitis, tendinopathy and hallux valgus.en