Browsing by Author "Alharbi, Ibrahim"

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Artificial Intelligence Law in Saudi Arabia
(ST.Thomas Uinversity, 2025) Alharbi, Ibrahim; Wiessner, Siegfried
This dissertation examines the legal and regulatory frameworks governing artificial intelligence in Saudi Arabia, analyzing the intersection of modern technological advancement with traditional Islamic principles and international standards. Through the lens of the New Haven approach, this research investigates how Saudi Arabia balances innovation with cultural values while developing comprehensive AI regulations. The study focuses particularly on the kingdom's efforts to establish effective legal mechanisms for AI governance while maintaining alignment with Sharia principles and meeting global technological standards. The research employs a comparative methodology, analyzing Saudi Arabia's regulatory approach alongside the United States' frameworks, identifying potential areas for enhancement while recognizing the unique cultural and legal context of the Kingdom. This analysis reveals significant developments in Saudi Arabia's AI regulatory landscape, particularly through initiatives such as Vision 2030 and the establishment of the Saudi Data and Artificial Intelligence Authority (SDAIA), while also identifying areas requiring further development. Key findings demonstrate that Saudi Arabia's approach to AI regulation reflects a sophisticated understanding of the need to balance technological advancement with ethical considerations and cultural preservation. The research identifies crucial areas for regulatory development, including the need for specialized legal frameworks addressing AI-specific challenges, enhanced institutional capacity for implementation, and mechanisms for ensuring compliance with both international standards and Islamic principles. The study makes several original contributions to the field. First, it provides a comprehensive analysis of Saudi Arabia's emerging AI regulatory framework from both legal and ethical perspectives. Second, it demonstrates how Islamic legal principles can effectively guide modern technological regulation. Third, it offers practical recommendations for developing regulatory frameworks that serve both technological advancement and social welfare. This research has significant implications for policymakers, legal practitioners, and technology developers in Saudi Arabia and beyond. It suggests the need for a carefully balanced approach that promotes innovation while protecting social values and individual 8 rights, potentially serving as a model for other nations seeking to harmonize technological advancement with cultural preservation.
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Effect of Oxygen/Fuel Ratio on the Tribological Properties of HVOLF Thermal Spray WC-12Co Coatings
(Univesity of Nottingham, 2024-09-26) Alharbi, Ibrahim; Venturi, Federico
This project investigated the application of the WC-12Co coatings to stainless substrates utilising the HVOF approach. The variables in the coating method were the fuel and oxygen flow rates. The observed properties were the tribology performance, hardness level, surface roughness, porosity level and coating thickness. The samples for investigation were prepared in the lab utilising cutting, mounting and polishing stages. It was shown that the HVOF approach is considered an efficient and compatible approach to apply the WC-12Co coating on stainless substrates. Moreover, it was observed that the HVOF approach is sensitive with regards to the various parameters in particular the oxygen-to-fuel ratio as it affects the melting and fusion of the coating layer. The optimum parameters obtained in this project were a fuel and oxygen rates of 380 ml/min and 944 l/min, receptively, at a Stand-of-Distance (SoD) value of 386 mm with 25 passes over the surface. The obtained results showed that as the hardness increases, the coefficient of friction and surface irregularities decrease. Also, at a given oxygen rate, as the fuel rate increases, the hardness increases. On the contrary, at a given fuel rate, as the oxygen rate increases, the hardness decreases. This project presented an optimisation study whereby the optimum parameters for the HVOF were identified based on physical and mechanical testing.
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