Browsing by Author "Alkhudhayr, Omar"

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Assessing the Application of Employee Motivation to Promote a Creative Work Environment: The Case of Public sector Tourism Organisations in Saudi Arabia
(University of Exeter, 2024) Alkhudhayr, Omar; Shaw, Gareth
A rapidly changing business environment requires organisations to develop and adapt constantly—and one critical element of this adaptation pertains to human resource management. Ensuring employees’ motivation and creativity is crucial for organisations to survive and thrive in the highly competitive business world. In these settings, the present thesis aimed to examine how employee motivation is applied to develop a creative work environment (CWE) in public tourism organisations in Saudi Arabia. This thesis adopted a mixed method involving a quantitative and qualitative phase to meet this aim. In the quantitative phase, the research used regression and correlation analysis to test the relationship between motivation dimensions (intrinsic and extrinsic) and CWE, and it examined how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation affected CWE. This analysis was performed on a sample of 156 employees from the Ministry of Tourism (MoT) and General Entertainment Authority (GEA) in Saudi Arabia, who were asked to complete a survey that evaluated their motivation and the state of CWE in their respective organisations. In the qualitative phase, this study used thematic analysis to understand employees’ perceptions regarding the effectiveness and role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in enhancing the level of creativity in the tourism sector. The sample of 15 managers from the MoT and GEA in Saudi Arabia were asked about their motivation and CWE in their organisations. The quantitative analysis revealed that a strong correlation exists: a significant and positive association was observed between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and CWE in public tourism organisations in Saudi Arabia. However, a correlation analysis demonstrated that extrinsic motivation promotes CWE more than intrinsic motivation. Qualitative findings also indicated that extrinsic motivation in managers was a more meaningful factor in terms of contributing to CWE, in which intrinsic motivation contributed less. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses also noted how age and professional experience influenced managers' beliefs. Therefore, this study found that managers classified as young adults with less experience were more likely to consider themselves extrinsically motivated in relation to CWE. Further, a rift between senior and junior managers was observed regarding the perceived conceptualisation of CWE. Given these findings, this thesis highlights the 3 need for tourism sector industries to consider the state of their reward systems when they attempt to foster organisational creativity. Further, this work accentuates the need for long-term organisational creativity management through intrinsic motivation by means of training and organisational culture adjustment, and the need to overcome challenges that inhibit organisational creativity (e.g., unclear communication channels, unbalanced workload). Finally, this thesis noted the need to continue jointly exploring CWE and motivation, given the absence of scholarly works that link these concepts.
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