Browsing by Author "Alsahli, Khalid"

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Health Practitioners perspective on patient safety culture in teaching hospital environment located in the Eastern province of Saudi Arabia
(2022-09-28) Alsahli, Khalid; Sharon, Humphries
Aim: This study aims to identify health practitioners’ perspectives of patient safety culture practices in a large teaching hospital located in the Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia; in addition, it tries to ascertain whether these perceptions have an impact on patient safety practices. Background: In the light of enormous attention given to patient safety, the findings of this research show the health practitioners’ perspectives of patient safety culture in a large teaching hospital, and compare them with the regional and international studies. Research methodology: This cross-sectional study adopted the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) survey, which was targeted at health practitioners in a large teaching hospital in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Key findings: Out of 190 participants only 74 who completed the survey, the response rate was (83.14%). The highest percentage of the total sample (29.7%) was nurses. All five sections were significant (p <0.05), which indicates that the more positive the practices, the higher the patient safety rating. Findings were able to recognise strengths (communication and hospital management) and areas for potential improvement (reporting patient safety events and managers support). The participants’ responses to overall patient safety was good (41.9% = good). Conclusion: Patient safety culture is a global issue that has an impact on developed and developing countries. Improving patient safety culture in health organisations should be a continuous process that includes policymakers and healthcare providers. This study assesses health practitioners’ perspectives on patient safety culture practices. The findings in this study demonstrate that perception of health practitioners regarding patient safety culture was good. There are some areas that need for potential improvement.
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Impact of TGFβ on Differentiation of Macrophages
(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alsahli, Khalid; James, Hewiston
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) is an important cytokine that helps in macrophage differentiation and immune homeostasis in the tissue. This study explored the role of TGFb in the differentiation of macrophages and examined the response of the macrophages differentiated in the presence and absence of TGFβ to proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory stimulus. Macrophages differentiated with TGFβ were found to grow as a dark and round cell. Further, the expression of the synapse and adherence proteins, F4/80 and CD11b were found to be lowered in TGFβ treated macrophages compared to untreated cells. However, TGFβ differentiated macrophages has higher expression of MHCII and CD64 indicating the M2 polarization and better antigen presentation capability of the cells. It has been found that TGFβ differentiated macrophages has over 1000 times over expressed NOS2 to LPS stimulus and at the same time over expressed Retlna to IL4 stimuli. This indicates the controlled inflammation and antiinflammation in the TGFβ treated macrophages compared to untreated cells. The presence of low levels of nitric oxide in the cell supernatant in the TGFβ differentiated macrophages compared to normal macrophages indicate the controlled inflammation. Together this study suggests that TGFβ differentiate macrophages to M2 type with better antigen presenting ability and controlled inflammatory response to the external stimuli. This highlights the role of TGFβ in immune regulation during infection and tissue homeostasis
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