Browsing by Author "Almalki, Fahad"

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Appearances are Deceiving: Long-Distance Subject Anaphors and Phasal Binding Domains
(2023-05) Almalki, Fahad; Punske, Jeffrey
An unusual behavior of anaphors is to occur in embedded subject positions and be bound across a finite clause boundary by a matrix subject. This thesis, however, demonstrates that such constructions exist in Malki Arabic, besides other languages. First, this thesis shows that the clause size of the embedded clause in which subject anaphors are allowed is CP and not always a TP. Second, in light of current reductionist approaches to binding domains of the classical binding theory to phase theory, a cross-clausal binding relation bears issues to those approaches, as a long-distance antecedence relation crosses a phase boundary. Taking long-distance bound subject anaphors as the main empirical focus in this thesis, I show that the cross-clausal binding relation in Malki Arabic is not bona fide evidence against reducing binding domains to phases. Following Wurmbrand (2019) and Lohninger et al. (2022), I propose that constructions with long-distance bound subject anaphors theoretically resemble cross-clausal A-dependencies, like hyperraising and long-distance agreement, for undergoing movement to a position in the edge of the embedded clause and showing similar properties. Third, I show that reducing binding domains to whole phases is plausible, but taking spell-out domains as binding domains is untenable. Finally, the proposal suggested in this thesis also sheds lights on the possibility of the anaphor agreement effect as an interface condition, in addition to highlighting an account for the accusative-marked embedded subject in Modern Standard Arabic.
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Utilising the solid tumour cancer microbiome to inform future pharmacological approaches
(Swansea University, 2024-05-17) Almalki, Fahad; Hitchings, Matthew
Survival rates were ranged from 70 to 90 percent for women in the early phases of ovarian carcinoma, compared to 20 to 30 percent for those in the advanced stages. Due to the dramatic differences in these rates, one of the most crucial aspects of nowadays research is early problem identification. Understanding ovarian cancer-related terms is the first step in the research process. The Sequence Read Archive (SRA) is a member of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC), which also comprises the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) and the DNA Database of Japan (DDBJ). This project aimed to determine if existing, publicly available sequence read data can inform on microbial biomarkers associated with ovarian cancer. It was also planned to determine the number of publicly available NCBI SRA datasets originating from female reproductive sampling, catalog the microbial taxa associated with host sample type, and identify any connection between taxa and host health status. The investigation was conducted by retrieving data from the National Center for Biotechnology Information NCBI website, selecting the SRA, and collecting Homo sapiens records. These terms include "ovarian cancer", "vaginal cancer", "vaginal microbiome", and "reproductive tract microbiome". After collecting the data from NCBI, it was downloaded and opened in a Microsoft excel sheet to be analysed and presented in tables and graphs. The most 10 abundant bacterial spieces were in vaginal cancer were identified using the results from SRA. Numerous technical advantages can be concluded from this research, such as convenient access to data, the availability of data without equipment, and reduced animal experiments. Also, it can help in some scientific and medical aspects, such as understanding the types of bacteria causing vaginal cancer, determining risk factors, and dealing with vast amounts of data on bacteria and their types. These extensive data results are crucial for the future of vaginal cancer science and are the foundation for future research.
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