SACM - Italy
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9657
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Item Restricted Tracing the Interplay of Architecture and Scenography: A Historical and Analytical Study of Theatre Design(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) AlKhalifa, Shoug; Introini, Marco Ausano; Baczynski, Giulia FlaviaThis thesis examines scenography as an architectural form of storytelling, exploring its evolution from ancient Greek and Roman theatres to contemporary performance spaces. It argues that scenography is not mere decoration but a spatial and narrative force that shapes audience perception, drawing on both technical precision and artistic sensitivity. By comparing Western traditions with Arab performative heritage, where oral storytelling and ritual performance historically replaced dedicated theatre architecture, the research highlights scenography’s culturally specific forms and its transformation through technological and artistic innovation. Combining historical analysis, visual critique, and practical design, the study investigates how architecture, painting, and scenographic tools such as light, sound, texture, and color shape emotional and ideological meaning. The research culminates in an original scenographic proposal for Ghassan Kanafani’s Men in the Sun, demonstrating scenography’s potential as a medium of cultural memory, political commentary, and emotional resonance. It concludes by advocating for scenography to be recognized as a critical spatial discipline, capable of bridging architectural thought with accessible, audience-centered storytelling.13 0Item Restricted Verde Paranoa: Sustainable Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Issues(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) AlDakheel, Yara; Abounassif, Hiba; Boussairi, Abdessamad; Tadi, MassimoThis project explores the comprehensive urban regeneration initiative undertaken in Paranoa, Brazil, a town situated in close proximity to the modernist capital city of Brasilia. Commencing with an in-depth analysis of the area, our study identified key challenges, including an intense heat island effect, insufficient green spaces, deteriorating infrastructure, compromised road safety for soft mobility modes, and a lack of higher education facilities. Employing the Integrated Modification Methodology (IMM) to investigate the Complex Adaptive System (CAS) and comprehend urban morphology, our intervention focused on addressing these pressing issues. The proposed intervention introduces a refined urban layout emphasising the creation of open green spaces within densely populated neighbourhoods and establishing a green connection network to facilitate and promote soft mobility and enhance urban permeability. Nature-based solutions play a pivotal role in mitigating heat and elevating the comfort of city residents. Given the extensive urban area covering approximately 2 million square meters, we strategically implemented a “pilot hub” of around 80,000 square meters to serve as an exemplary model for potential widespread interventions, aiming to amplify the overall performance of the CAS. In the pilot hub, our proposal involves expanding a public square into a vast open green space hosting a three-story multi-functional building. This structure accommodates an educational facility on the ground floor and two residential floors, utilising innovative nature-based solutions for energy efficiency and heat management. This integrated approach not only addresses immediate challenges in the pilot hub but also sets a precedent for sustainable urban development strategies applicable to broader contexts.1 0Item Restricted Reasons and Perspectives of Nursing Students Regarding Academic Cheating in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) Alotaibi, Abdullah; Ercole, VellonAbstract Background: Academic dishonesty among nursing students is a global concern with potential implications for patient safety and professional integrity. This doctoral thesis aimed to investigate the reasons for and prevalence of academic dishonesty among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Three interconnected studies were conducted. The first study involved the development and validation of the Reasons for Cheating Scale (RCS), a new instrument designed to assess the motivations or reasons behind cheating behaviours. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 482 nursing students from two universities in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the psychometric properties of the RCS. The second study assessed the prevalence and forms of academic dishonesty among nursing students using the newly developed self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire was administered to 482 nursing students from two governmental universities. The third study investigated the specific reasons for academic cheating using the RCS among 482 nursing students from two universities. Results: The RCS demonstrated robust psychometric properties, including high internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and item discrimination. The factor analysis supported a unidimensional structure for the RCS. The prevalence study revealed a high rate of academic dishonesty among nursing students, with 93.8% admitting to engaging in at least one form of cheating. Cheating was prevalent both during examinations (89.9%) and completion of assignments (79.9%). The common forms of cheating included studying previous examination questions, collaborating with peers, accessing unauthorized materials, seeking unauthorized help, allowing friends to copy assignments, and plagiarizing. The reasons for cheating were multifaceted, with the desire for high grades and pressure to please family being the most prominent motivators. Significant differences in cheating behaviors and reasons for cheating were found according to sex, age, and academic year. Conclusions: This thesis highlights the widespread prevalence of academic dishonesty among nursing students in Saudi Arabia and the complex interplay of factors that contribute to this phenomenon. The newly developed RCS can be a valuable tool for future research and interventions aimed at understanding and addressing academic dishonesty in nursing education, both in Saudi Arabia and internationally. Nursing programs are suggested to incorporate ethics-focused curricula emphasizing the importance of academic integrity and professionalism for Saudi students in Saudi Arabia. Further, implementing regular workshops and training sessions on academic honesty, tailored to address cultural nuances, can further strengthen these values and diminish dishonest behaviors among these students.12 0Item Restricted The Revitalisation of Al Mashrabiya Traditional Craftsmanship Through Artisans’ Participation(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Omaymah Al Azhari; Prof. Federica Dal Falco; Prof. Loredana Di LucchioTraditional crafts carry aesthetic, functional, and social values, often associated with specific rituals, ceremonies, and social customs. One such craft is المشربية (Al Mashrabiya), a traditional architectural element spread across hot and arid regions, renowned for its cultural and social value. It is a lattice of intricately carved geometric patterns historically used to allow air circulation and light control. Despite its decline in popularity in the early twentieth century due to cultural and economic changes, its potential for reinterpretation and integration into contemporary product design has become a focal point, bridging tradition and innovation. This fusion in product design presents a dynamic challenge, urging designers to consider products resonating with tradition and contemporary methods. The present research focuses on the geometric pattern designs of Al Mashrabiya and the use of modern technology to revive the art form through new practices. This thesis explores its roots in history and culture, its craftsmanship, and the symbolism inherent in its design. The research methodology includes desk and field research under the “Research About Design” category, focusing on collecting and documenting traditional designs for database archiving with the support of cultural organisations in Saudi Arabia (KSA), Morocco, and Egypt. These techniques aim to streamline this craft’s development process using parametric design parameters and make the production accessible to a global market by running workshops and outlining available digital fabrication methods to the artisans. The outcomes of this study contribute to the activities of organisations, artisans, designers, and educators for the sake of cultural continuity and innovation for the purpose of reviving cultural heritage, fostering cross-cultural appreciation and challenging the boundaries between tradition and modernity in product design.16 0Item Restricted DESIGNING THROUGH THE BRAIN: An Interdisciplinary Exploration Between Architecture and Neuroscience(Politecnico di Milano, 2024) Alaithan, Ali; Croset, Pierre-AlainThroughout the course of architecture history, architects have consistently engaged with various disciplines to expand their understanding of how people interact with the surrounding milieu. Since the 20th century, some prominent architects have collaborated with psychologists to gain insights into how design influences behavior and actions, striving to create spaces that truly resonate with people. In modern times, we spend most of our time in indoor spaces, making it progressively evident that architecture affects our brain and body. Recently, there has been growing attention between architecture and neuroscience. This is a complex field, requiring insights from psychology and cognitive science to understand the indirect connections between brain processes and spatial experience. This conversation starts from a theoretical framework encompassing brain, mind and body. The brain is an engine for behavior and action within a space. Thus the primary objective here is to understand the human brain within the built environment. A deeper awareness of the brain’s intricate processes enhances our comprehension of how we interact with our surroundings. To fully grasp the complexity of this discussion, it is crucial to comprehend the underpinnings of understating the brain. Three essential theories —EvoDevoSocio, Darwin’s theory, and embodied perception— shapes our theoretical and scientific understanding of the brain. This ongoing conversation covers multiple themes, including: sensation and perception, learning and memory, decision making, emotions and affect, movement and more. This thesis explores the intricate theoretical and scientific connection between architecture and neuroscience, specifically focusing on aspects relevant to architects. Three central themes will be thoroughly studied — emotions, movement, learning and memory — covering both their theoretical foundations and recent scientific discoveries. These findings will be applied in an interdisciplinary design exploration of a community center. These scientific findings will act as “generators” that either evoke emotions, facilitate movement, or foster learning and memory. Thus, the objective of the research is not to develop a theoretical program for architecture, but to apply an interdisciplinary design methodology. Unlike traditional practices, which often rely on architects’ personal experience, this approach is rooted in a scientific understanding of the human brain, allowing architects to design spaces that meaningfully respond to human cognition and behavior.14 0Item Restricted Employing communication for building learned trust in autonomous vehicles, A qualitative pilot study.(Politecnico Di Milano, 2024) Alharbi, Eilaf; Borghetti, Fabio; Bianchini, BeatriceAs autonomous vehicles (AVs) advance towards full automation, trust between passengers and the automated systems becomes a critical factor to their existence. This research presents a pilot study on developing a design framework to help build and maintain a dynamic learned trust during interactions with fully autonomous vehicles by exploring various information types, structures, and communication modalities. The study draws on insights from previous research, semi-structured interviews with 6 users and 3 experts to identify key design elements that influence trust. Key findings suggest that minimizing driving-related information and instead focusing on journey-related details can prevent passengers from feeling the need to monitor the vehicle’s decisions, thereby fostering trust. The concept of "Information on Demand" emerged as a valuable approach to balance transparency and personalization, allowing passengers to request specific information whenever is needed. Additionally, "technical explanations" were identified as effective in restoring trust when errors occur, emphasizing the importance of timely and clear communication. The research also highlighted the limited impact of non-driving tasks, such as entertainment on trust. Furthermore, communication modalities should be tailored to the type of information being conveyed, taking into account various risks and the passengers’ ability to process different communication methods. This pilot study’s results lay the foundations for a larger scale study aiming to examine various factors that influence the dynamic learned trust during the interaction with the automated system in the vehicles.27 0Item Restricted Arbitration in Maritime Disputes: A Comparative Study Between The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and International Regulations(IMO International Maritime Law Institute, 2024-06-25) Aljuhani, Mustafa; Prado, RafealThe research covered various aspects of maritime negotiation, from basic rules and legal systems to detailed case studies and comparisons. The study provided an understanding of the current situation and potential future direction for maritime dispute resolution in Saudi Arabia within a global context. The dissertation began by examining the evolution of maritime arbitration, highlighting the significant role of foreign regulations such as the UNCITRAL Model Law and the New York Convention. The comparison of Saudi Arabia’s arbitration rules with global standards revealed a shift towards international norms while preserving unique legal and cultural aspects of the country. Case studies demonstrated the complexity of maritime arbitration and the necessity of understanding both local and international laws. Saudi Arabia has made significant strides in maritime law, including the introduction of a new dispute law and the establishment of the Saudi Centre for Business Arbitration (SCCA). The integration of Sharia laws into the arbitration process presents challenges but also offers a unique approach that aligns with local laws and culture. The future of maritime arbitration in Saudi Arabia looks promising, with continued alignment with global standards and innovative use of technology expected to enhance the effectiveness and appeal of Saudi Arabia’s arbitration system. Saudi Arabia’s participation in major maritime dispute conferences and collaboration with other countries will strengthen its global position. The lessons learned from Saudi Arabia’s experience are valuable not only for maritime law decisions but also for global considerations. As international trade continues to grow and evolve, the need for a flexible dispute resolution system becomes increasingly important. Saudi Arabia’s journey offers important lessons on balancing global standards with local laws, a crucial consideration for countries looking to improve their arbitration systems. The dissertation underscores the dynamic nature of maritime disputes, driven by changing trade patterns and legal regulations worldwide. As Saudi Arabia improves its dispute resolution capabilities, it contributes to the advancement of maritime arbitration globally. The study of maritime arbitration in Saudi Arabia reveals the complexity and dynamism of this field, which is critical for the smooth operation of international maritime trade. The insights and lessons derived from this research are valuable for policymakers, lawyers, and researchers, aiding in the future resolution of maritime disputes both within Saudi Arabia and in global contexts.44 0Item Restricted Continuum Modelling and Simulation for Viscoelastic Materials(University of Padova, 2024-06-25) Alrashdi, Muhanna; Giusteri, GiulioA class of continuum mechanical models aimed at describing the behaviour of viscoelastic fluids by incorporating concepts originated in the theory of solid plasticity is introduced. Within this class, even a simple model with constant material parameters is able to qualitatively reproduce a number of experimental observations in both simple shear and extensional flows, including linear viscoelastic properties, the rate-dependence of steady-state material functions, the stress overshoot in incipient shear flows, and the difference in shear and extensional rheological curves. Furthermore, by allowing the relaxation time of the model to depend on the total strain, we can reproduce some experimental observations of the non-attainability of steady flows in uniaxial extension, and link this to a concept of polymeric jamming or effective solidification. Numerical simulations are presented to further illustrate the properties of the proposed model.10 0Item Restricted Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 Impact On WTO Treaty Obligations.(Università Degli Studi Di Roma Tor Vergata, 2024-04-08) Barnawi, Yaquob Yosef M; Mucci, FedericaSaudi Arabia's accession to the World Trade Organization WTO in 2005 was a significant milestone in the country's economic development. The WTO is a global organization that sets rules for international trade, and its membership gives Saudi Arabia access to a wide range of benefits. WTO members agree to reduce or eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers on goods and services. Lower tariff makes it easier and cheaper for Saudi businesses to export products and services to foreign markets and for Saudi consumers to import foreign goods and services.WTO membership makes Saudi Arabia a more attractive destination for foreign investment. Investors are more likely to invest in countries that are members of the WTO because they know that WTO rules will protect their assets. The WTO has a dispute settlement mechanism (DSM) that permits members to resolve trade disputes peacefully. The DSM helps to avoid trade wars and other disruptive trade conflicts. Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 is a national economic development plan that aims to diversify the Saudi economy and reduce its dependence on oil. The WTO can play a significant role in helping Saudi Arabia to achieve its Vision 2030 goals. Saudi Arabia's non-oil exports have increased significantly since joining the WTO due to several factors,including lower tariffs and trade barriers and access to foreign markets. Saudi Arabia has attracted a significant amount of foreign investment since the country joined the WTO. This investment has helped to develop new sectors of the Saudi economy, the Saudi government since then has partnered with foreign investors to develop new sectors. The WTO is helping to create jobs in Saudi Arabia by making it easier for Saudi businesses to develop new sectors and to export their products and services to foreign markets. The Saudi government estimates that the WTO has created over 1 million jobs in the Saudi economy. Overall, Saudi Arabia's accession to the WTO has positively impacted Saudi Vision 2030. This study starts with a historical introduction to the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs and its transformation into the WTO followed by an explanatory description of institutions and agreements inside the WTO and why countries seek to join the WTO. In the second section, we examine in depth the dynamics behind Saudi Arabia's accession negotiation for joining the WTO, analyzing the concessions, obligations, and FTA made by Saudi Arabia to join the WTO. The third section thoroughly examines the dispute settlement understanding, the problem of enforcement, the conflict of jurisdiction between WTO and the FTA, and how doctrine and jurisprudence settle the conflict. The fourth section gives an overview of Vision 2030 and its key goals, followed by analytical assessment of Saudi Arabia's current treaty obligations.169 0Item Restricted Curating Digitization System: Digitizing Value-driven practices of Intangable Cultural heritage Fashion for Nation branding and Safeguarding(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-18) Alsager, Rynad; Vacca, Federica; Carulli, MarinaThis thesis explores the concept of Nation Branding and its influence on sustainable development through the digitization of a country’s Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) resources, to enhance the Saudi brand spiritual identity and Safeguard ICH fashion. focusing mainly on ICH fashion craftsmanship. Fashion is a crucial aspect of a country’s visual identity, it’s a source of pride for a country’s people, reflecting its traditions and values, contributing to both its economy and culture. However, in the case of Saudi Arabia rebranding and digital transformation, we notice a gap as there is limited access to information regarding Saudi ICH fashion on the internet, specifically relating to its intangible values that drives its fashion design aesthetics and functionality. This creates a gap in communication and connection between the Saudi Fashion identity and its digital generations fashion identity. the researcher is proposing a digitization system to establish and sustain an accessible digital point for craftsmanship and driving values of Saudi CH fashion on the internet. To address this issue, the research methodology employed a curative-innovative digitizing system, incorporating a qualitative Hybrid design using exploratory, historical documentation, and information design methods. Information design stage was in partnership with The Royal Institute of Traditional Arts (TRITA). As it was established as part of the Saudi Vision 2030 initiative to safeguard and educate Saudi Arabia’s culture for new generations as well as to promote its heritage with the world. It is important to note that the project section of the research represents the author’s opinion and is not endorsed by the Royal Institute of Traditional Art. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that this is a hypothetical scenario reflecting only the researcher’s perception. Moreover, the project part investigated Sustainability as driven-value to test the efficiency of the methodology, and choose Najd, the central region women’s fashion as scope to investigate it, and Al-Miqtaa costume craftsmanship as digitization sampling. The research findings confirm the validity of this digitizing system and highlight the value-driven nature of Saudi CH fashion, representing rooted and active values that can be a competitive advantage for the Saudi economy and branding archetype. Additionally, as part of the sampling project, it has been validated that sustainable design-thinking is deeply embedded in the Saudi society’s inheritance, resulting from the economic and environmental challenges they faced.17 0