SACM - Italy
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9657
Browse
45 results
Search Results
Item Restricted Arbitration in Maritime Disputes: A Comparative Study Between The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and International Regulations(IMO International Maritime Law Institute, 2024-06-25) Aljuhani, Mustafa; Prado, RafealThe research covered various aspects of maritime negotiation, from basic rules and legal systems to detailed case studies and comparisons. The study provided an understanding of the current situation and potential future direction for maritime dispute resolution in Saudi Arabia within a global context. The dissertation began by examining the evolution of maritime arbitration, highlighting the significant role of foreign regulations such as the UNCITRAL Model Law and the New York Convention. The comparison of Saudi Arabia’s arbitration rules with global standards revealed a shift towards international norms while preserving unique legal and cultural aspects of the country. Case studies demonstrated the complexity of maritime arbitration and the necessity of understanding both local and international laws. Saudi Arabia has made significant strides in maritime law, including the introduction of a new dispute law and the establishment of the Saudi Centre for Business Arbitration (SCCA). The integration of Sharia laws into the arbitration process presents challenges but also offers a unique approach that aligns with local laws and culture. The future of maritime arbitration in Saudi Arabia looks promising, with continued alignment with global standards and innovative use of technology expected to enhance the effectiveness and appeal of Saudi Arabia’s arbitration system. Saudi Arabia’s participation in major maritime dispute conferences and collaboration with other countries will strengthen its global position. The lessons learned from Saudi Arabia’s experience are valuable not only for maritime law decisions but also for global considerations. As international trade continues to grow and evolve, the need for a flexible dispute resolution system becomes increasingly important. Saudi Arabia’s journey offers important lessons on balancing global standards with local laws, a crucial consideration for countries looking to improve their arbitration systems. The dissertation underscores the dynamic nature of maritime disputes, driven by changing trade patterns and legal regulations worldwide. As Saudi Arabia improves its dispute resolution capabilities, it contributes to the advancement of maritime arbitration globally. The study of maritime arbitration in Saudi Arabia reveals the complexity and dynamism of this field, which is critical for the smooth operation of international maritime trade. The insights and lessons derived from this research are valuable for policymakers, lawyers, and researchers, aiding in the future resolution of maritime disputes both within Saudi Arabia and in global contexts.32 0Item Restricted Continuum Modelling and Simulation for Viscoelastic Materials(University of Padova, 2024-06-25) Alrashdi, Muhanna; Giusteri, GiulioA class of continuum mechanical models aimed at describing the behaviour of viscoelastic fluids by incorporating concepts originated in the theory of solid plasticity is introduced. Within this class, even a simple model with constant material parameters is able to qualitatively reproduce a number of experimental observations in both simple shear and extensional flows, including linear viscoelastic properties, the rate-dependence of steady-state material functions, the stress overshoot in incipient shear flows, and the difference in shear and extensional rheological curves. Furthermore, by allowing the relaxation time of the model to depend on the total strain, we can reproduce some experimental observations of the non-attainability of steady flows in uniaxial extension, and link this to a concept of polymeric jamming or effective solidification. Numerical simulations are presented to further illustrate the properties of the proposed model.9 0Item Restricted Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 Impact On WTO Treaty Obligations.(Università Degli Studi Di Roma Tor Vergata, 2024-04-08) Barnawi, Yaquob Yosef M; Mucci, FedericaSaudi Arabia's accession to the World Trade Organization WTO in 2005 was a significant milestone in the country's economic development. The WTO is a global organization that sets rules for international trade, and its membership gives Saudi Arabia access to a wide range of benefits. WTO members agree to reduce or eliminate tariffs and other trade barriers on goods and services. Lower tariff makes it easier and cheaper for Saudi businesses to export products and services to foreign markets and for Saudi consumers to import foreign goods and services.WTO membership makes Saudi Arabia a more attractive destination for foreign investment. Investors are more likely to invest in countries that are members of the WTO because they know that WTO rules will protect their assets. The WTO has a dispute settlement mechanism (DSM) that permits members to resolve trade disputes peacefully. The DSM helps to avoid trade wars and other disruptive trade conflicts. Saudi Arabia Vision 2030 is a national economic development plan that aims to diversify the Saudi economy and reduce its dependence on oil. The WTO can play a significant role in helping Saudi Arabia to achieve its Vision 2030 goals. Saudi Arabia's non-oil exports have increased significantly since joining the WTO due to several factors,including lower tariffs and trade barriers and access to foreign markets. Saudi Arabia has attracted a significant amount of foreign investment since the country joined the WTO. This investment has helped to develop new sectors of the Saudi economy, the Saudi government since then has partnered with foreign investors to develop new sectors. The WTO is helping to create jobs in Saudi Arabia by making it easier for Saudi businesses to develop new sectors and to export their products and services to foreign markets. The Saudi government estimates that the WTO has created over 1 million jobs in the Saudi economy. Overall, Saudi Arabia's accession to the WTO has positively impacted Saudi Vision 2030. This study starts with a historical introduction to the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs and its transformation into the WTO followed by an explanatory description of institutions and agreements inside the WTO and why countries seek to join the WTO. In the second section, we examine in depth the dynamics behind Saudi Arabia's accession negotiation for joining the WTO, analyzing the concessions, obligations, and FTA made by Saudi Arabia to join the WTO. The third section thoroughly examines the dispute settlement understanding, the problem of enforcement, the conflict of jurisdiction between WTO and the FTA, and how doctrine and jurisprudence settle the conflict. The fourth section gives an overview of Vision 2030 and its key goals, followed by analytical assessment of Saudi Arabia's current treaty obligations.88 0Item Restricted Curating Digitization System: Digitizing Value-driven practices of Intangable Cultural heritage Fashion for Nation branding and Safeguarding(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-18) Alsager, Rynad; Vacca, Federica; Carulli, MarinaThis thesis explores the concept of Nation Branding and its influence on sustainable development through the digitization of a country’s Intangible cultural heritage (ICH) resources, to enhance the Saudi brand spiritual identity and Safeguard ICH fashion. focusing mainly on ICH fashion craftsmanship. Fashion is a crucial aspect of a country’s visual identity, it’s a source of pride for a country’s people, reflecting its traditions and values, contributing to both its economy and culture. However, in the case of Saudi Arabia rebranding and digital transformation, we notice a gap as there is limited access to information regarding Saudi ICH fashion on the internet, specifically relating to its intangible values that drives its fashion design aesthetics and functionality. This creates a gap in communication and connection between the Saudi Fashion identity and its digital generations fashion identity. the researcher is proposing a digitization system to establish and sustain an accessible digital point for craftsmanship and driving values of Saudi CH fashion on the internet. To address this issue, the research methodology employed a curative-innovative digitizing system, incorporating a qualitative Hybrid design using exploratory, historical documentation, and information design methods. Information design stage was in partnership with The Royal Institute of Traditional Arts (TRITA). As it was established as part of the Saudi Vision 2030 initiative to safeguard and educate Saudi Arabia’s culture for new generations as well as to promote its heritage with the world. It is important to note that the project section of the research represents the author’s opinion and is not endorsed by the Royal Institute of Traditional Art. Furthermore, it should be emphasized that this is a hypothetical scenario reflecting only the researcher’s perception. Moreover, the project part investigated Sustainability as driven-value to test the efficiency of the methodology, and choose Najd, the central region women’s fashion as scope to investigate it, and Al-Miqtaa costume craftsmanship as digitization sampling. The research findings confirm the validity of this digitizing system and highlight the value-driven nature of Saudi CH fashion, representing rooted and active values that can be a competitive advantage for the Saudi economy and branding archetype. Additionally, as part of the sampling project, it has been validated that sustainable design-thinking is deeply embedded in the Saudi society’s inheritance, resulting from the economic and environmental challenges they faced.11 0Item Restricted The Impact of Textile Design on the Performance of an Educational Shading System: Building 2, Leonardo Campus, Polimi(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-10-05) Alsuwailem, Malak; Zanelli, Alessandra; Fiorenzi, AlbertoShading systems, such as roller shades, play a crucial role in affecting the indoor environment and the occupant’s well-being in educational settings. They can combine functionality and aesthetic appeal seamlessly. This is evident in their ability to improve the quality of spaces by providing visual comfort, fostering optimal learning conditions, facilitating task-specific activities, promoting energy conservation and enhancing aesthetics. To ensure achieving these effects significantly, lighting conditions, particularly natural lighting, must be considered and optimized. Indeed, natural lighting holds considerable significance in promoting the well-being of individuals within educational settings. Nevertheless, it is essential to note that natural lighting is frequently overlooked in several projects in educational buildings when aimed at works for interior transformations and adaptations. Especially in building 2 of the Leonardo campus at Politecnico di Milano, there is a major demand for processes and actions to increase awareness of the importance of natural light concerning well-being and energy savings. Thus, the goal of this study was to propose an advanced shading system and develop a textile design for this system that allows for adjustment of the level and distribution of light for the different educational activities and the variation of time (daily and seasonal) as well as weather conditions. This study concentrated mainly on roller shades and textile patterns. The study also sought to contribute to the future sustainability strategies of Politecnico di Milano's “Città Studi Sustainable Campus.”19 0Item Restricted ENHANCING PREDICTIVE CAPABILITY OF MODELS FOR SOLUBILITY AND PERMEABILITY IN POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-05-15) Albahrani, Abdullah Abdulmohsen; Doghieri, FerruccioThe interpretation of phase equilibrium and mass transport phenomena in gas/solvent - polymer system at molten or glassy state is relevant in many industrial applications. Among tools available for the prediction of thermodynamics properties in these systems, at molten/rubbery state, is the group contribution lattice-fluid equation of state (GCLF-EoS), developed by Lee and Danner and ultimately based on Panayiotou and Vera LF theory. On the other side, a thermodynamic approach namely non-equilibrium lattice-fluid (NELF) was proposed by Doghieri and Sarti to consistently extend the description of thermodynamic properties of solute polymer systems obtained through a suitable equilibrium model to the case of non-equilibrium conditions below the glass transition temperature. The first objective of this work is to investigate the phase behaviour in solvent/polymer at glassy state by using NELF model and to develop a predictive tool for gas or vapor solubility that could be applied in several different applications: membrane gas separation, barrier materials for food packaging, polymer-based gas sensors and drug delivery devices. Within the efforts to develop a predictive tool of this kind, a revision of the group contribution method developed by High and Danner for the application of LF model by Panayiotou and Vera is considered, with reference to possible alternatives for the mixing rule for characteristic interaction energy between segments. The work also devotes efforts to the analysis of gas permeability in polymer composite materials as formed by a polymer matrix in which domains are dispersed of a second phase and attention is focused on relation for deviation from Maxwell law as function of arrangement, shape of dispersed domains and loading.14 0Item Restricted Saudi Food History and Culture: A focus on Hejazi food traditions(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-09-29) Jamalalhariry, Maha; Proglio, GabrieleThe Hejaz region, located in the west of The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is known for its cultural diversity. It is especially seen in modern Hejazi cuisine's wide range of integrated dishes. However, With the exposure of modern technologies, globalization, and the emergence and development of the Kingdom, history is being overlooked, leaving only traces of the culinary tradition and culture to the recent generations. This research concentrates on the region of Hejaz as it is now the second most visited area of the kingdom after the capital city, Riyadh. It is crucial to focus on this region to appreciate the external cultural influences that arose hundreds of years ago with the arrival of pilgrims for religious reasons and the continuation of these influences brought by modern-day expats. The goal of this paper is to understand the food culture and traditions of Hejaz and how they have been changing over time. Qualitative research has been conducted to point out and further clarify today’s result of the influence from different aspects including the perspectives of citizens with Hejazi origins and expats who were brought up in the area. Personal interviews were done in a storytelling manner by including questions about their background and knowledge of the region to pinpoint the root of their opinion and others that enabled them to be descriptive about their memories and experiences connecting to certain Hejazi dishes. The collective result was the observation of the contrast in knowledge between generations and what food signifies to the society. In conclusion, the gastronomic culture has been and will always be the focal point of the identity and representation of the Hejazi region.25 0Item Restricted An Ontological Framework for Implementing Soft Mobility Knowledge Model in Urban Areas(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-17) Bahshwan, Rakan; De Lotto, Robertoهذه الدراسة عبارة عن أطروحة دكتوراه ساهمت في مجال التخطيط والتصميم والسياسة الحضرية لا سيما في مجال التنقل والنقل. كثيرًا ما يتم تكليف خبراء النقل والمؤسسات الحكومية بإجراء البحوث النظرية والتطبيقية من أجل تطوير وتحسين أداء أنظمة النقل الوطنية الخاصة بهم. يعد تخطيط التنقل مجالًا واسعًا يعتمد على بيانات من تخصصات علمية متعددة. عند التخطيط للتنقل من المهم تبني منظور شامل يأخذ في الاعتبار الجوانب المختلفة المتعلقة بالتنقل السهل. اليوم يعد التنقل السهل (مثل المشي والدراجات الهوائية) شكلاً أساسيًا من أشكال التنقل الحضري المستدام حيث إنه يوفر الطاقة، ويحسن الصحة، ويوفر خيارات نقل ميسورة ومرنة، ويقلل من الازدحام المروري، ويحسن العلاقات والاندماج الاجتماعي، ويعزز إمكانية الوصول، ويجدد الحياة في المساحات العامة، ويدعم السياحة، ويقلل من الانبعاثات الضارة. لكي يكون التنقل السهل فعال في بيئة حضرية يجب أن يكون مترابط ونظيري. بالإضافة إلى ذلك مطلوب عملية أو نظام دعم القرار لإدارة العناصر الحضرية وعناصر نظام التنقل السهل مثل التكاليف العامة للبنية التحتية، والتكاليف العامة للصيانة، والحوافز العامة المحتملة للدراجات الهوائية أو الدراجات الكهربائية، والتكاليف الخاصة لشراء وسائل التنقل، والتكاليف الخاصة للوقت، والنمذجة. في الحقيقة هناك حاجة إلى علم الوجود (الأنطولوجيات) الشامل والدقيق لعملية النمذجة وأنظمة دعم القرار. علم الوجود مناسب تمامًا لمواجهة تحديات تعقيد النظام والبيانات غير المنظمة بشكل جيد. يركز استخدام مناهج تطوير علم الوجود في المقام الأول على تحديد المفاهيم التي يمكن تفسيرها آليًا والعلاقات بين هذه المفاهيم في مجالها. يوفر ذلك فوائد كبيرة للعديد من التخصصات العلمية بما في ذلك التنقل والنقل. كما أن هنالك آخرون تابعوا أهداف إنشاء ومشاركة مفاهيم المجال بهدف السماح لخبراء المجال بإعادة استخدام معرفة المجال، وتمكين الباحثين من تحليل معرفة المجال والتعبير عن افتراضاته، ومساعدة الأفراد ووكلاء البرمجيات في فهم بنية مفاهيم المجال. وبالرغم من ذلك إلا أننا نجد نقصا في الاهتمام البحثي في مجال تخطيط التنقل للتنقل السهل. تم نشر عدد قليل من تطوير المشاريع الوجودية المتعلقة بالحركة اللينة منذ عام 2002. من أجل ذلك الغرض استخدمت هذه الدراسة مناهج تطوير علم الوجود لإنشاء نموذج معرفي للتنقل السهل في الويب الدلالي لتوفير معلومات واضحة ومبسطة وأساسية للمخططين والمهندسين والمشغلين في مجالات التنقل والنقل على جميع مستويات الحكومة والإدارة لتحقيق الاستدامة في قرارات التنقل الحضري. ركزت هذه الدراسة على العناصر الأساسية للعلاقة المكانية والتي تتكون من البنية التحتية للتنقل السهل، والشبكات للتنقل السهل، والأنماط للتنقل السهل، والتدفقات للتنقل السهل، ينصب تركيزها فقط على المشي وركوب الدراجات. تم اعتماد وتنفيذ المراحل التالية للدراسة: تحديد الهدف والنطاق، وجمع المعلومات واستخراجها، والهيكلة الأولية، وإضفاء الطابع الرسمي، والنشر، والتقييم. كما تم اختيار منهجية بسيطة لهندسة المعرفة مبنية على برنامج بروتيجيه "Protégé" وهي طريقة تم الاستشهاد بها على نطاق واسع لتطوير علم الوجود. أدى ذلك إلى تطوير نموذج معرفة شامل للتنقل الناعم باعتباره علم الوجود الثقيل في لغة أنطولوجيا الويب "OWL". تم تحديد العديد من مفاهيم العناصر المكانية الأساسية وحالاتها، وتم توضيح عدد قليل من حيث تحديد كيفية تصرفهم. أخيرًا وفر النموذج أيضًا تمثيلًا بيانيا للتنقل السهل والوصول التلقائي إلى البيانات القائمة على علم التنقل السهل. سوف يستفيد المهتمون بالتخطيط والتصميم والسياسة في المناطق الحضرية وخاصة التنقل والنقل من هذه الدراسة.Item Restricted Polimi Home(0023) Almomatten, Zainab; Barbara, Anna“The Idea of Migration, Urban Campfires, and the Sense of Feeling at Home.” Starting from the assumption that living means feeling everywhere at home, this is the opening sentence that Professor Ico Migliore started the lecture on New Interior 2021-2022. What I'm investigating in my research is the Idea of Migration, Urban campfires, and the sense of feeling at home. If we investigated our history as human beings, we would see that our ancestors have migrated, looking for better habitats, environments, and food. However, not only Human are living creature that migrates, but also animals such as birds. It’s always have been a crucial journey for living beings to look for a better home. What if everywhere we go, we can feel at home? A primary Number of the Corvetto population are foreign inhabitants, and soon, Polimi international students will be part of the Corvetto community. The student life will be occupied by working, meeting, and studying, yet finding themselves on the weekend or in their free time facing the challenge of social isolation. Social isolation is one of many challenges that create a gap between students and their community. In trying to understand how to fill this social gap, this research focuses on the international student’s social life during the weekend and how to dissolve the challenges of social barriers to encourage engagement between international students and their beers and the local community. To achieve social sustainability through “fostering social cohesion, promoting social justice, tackling loneliness and mental health.” “Corvetto is one of Milan's most ethnically diverse and socially challenged neighborhoods.” Polimi Home Polimi Home is a space that emphasizes social diversity and reflects international students' needs. Also, respecting Heritage by considering the different layers of understanding the building. A space to be diverse and inclusive by reflecting the tangible and intangible needs of international students and the local community.20 0Item Restricted Hypopharyngeal Reconstruction: Retrospective study of reconstruction of the pharynx with comparison of three alternatives(Saudi Digital Library) NASSER IBRAHIM ALABDULAALY; Dr.Francesco BenazzoThe hypopharynx is the last part of pharynx that connects the oropharynx above to the esophaguses below. It's responsible for moving the food bolus by a series of coordinated muscular contractions, while distension and vibration of the pharyngeal wall are responsible for phonation. Hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HSCC) accounts for about 5% of all head and neck cancers and includes primary hypopharyngeal tumors and advanced tumors originating from other sites, in particular, the larynx. The majority of these cancers present with large bulky neck nodes, distant metastasis, and extensive sub- mucosal disease. The available therapeutic options are surgery followed by adjuvant treatment or organ preservation in the form of chemoradiation therapy. Although primary treat- ment of hypopharyngeal cancer is increasingly relying on nonsurgical modalities, for selected advanced stages and for patients in whom nonsurgical treatment fails, surgery remains the only curative option. Surgical treatment of advanced hypopharyngeal cancer remains a challenge for surgeons due to the di culty of restoring digestive continuity, considering the dis- tance covered, and the maintenance and provision of adequate blood supply to the reconstructive grafts. The reconstructive approach depends on the amount of pharyngeal resection re- quired. In some patients, the pharyngeal wound can be primarily closed, but cases with extensive partial or circumferential pharyngeal resection require reconstruction to close the defect. Several techniques have been developed and applied to the reconstruction of hy- popharyngeal defects, including cervical aps, tubed cutaneous and myocutaneous chest aps, gastric pull-up, and free jejunal autografts. The ideal reconstructive technique for such defects, possibly involving the cervical esophagus, should o er the patient a prompt, acceptable functional recovery with the lowest morbidity and mortality and fair quality for their remaining life. Pharyngeal reconstruction with a free jejunal graft has rapidly evolved to become a choice among these procedures and has been widely used to achieve relatively lower mortality and morbidity; the reported success rates for the procedure reach 95{100%. Its popularity is due to anatomical and physiological advantages: the transposed short intestinal tract is anatomically well adapted to the reconstruction site, provides low stula and stricture rates, and ensures rapid recovery to permit adjuvant radiotherapy and good functional recovery. The rst few chapters of this dissertation will try to lay a well-rounded overview of pharynx and larynx anatomy and physiology. I will then review the existing modalities of reconstruction and survey the advantages, disadvantages. The last chapters, on the other hand, will build upon the patient's records that were reviewed to determine the indications for radical resection, location, and stage of the primary tumor, postoperative complications, morbidity, mortality, tumor re- currence, and survival. proceed to employ a retrospective model study of the pa- tients treated in our Otorhinolaryngology department at the Policlinico S. Matteo di Pavia. 70 0