Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/16
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Item Restricted Effects of obesity on Physical Activity self -esteem and Sleeping Quality of Saudi Adolescents.(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2019) Almeiman, Aseil Ali A; عبدالله، فؤاد عبدالرحمنGround vibrations lead to induced forces and deformations in the structures located in their vicinity. Seismic design codes enable structural engineers to take measure to resist the effect of such induced forces and deformations thereby helping them save life and property. The design code for each country is revised and updated based on an expected zone’s seismic intensities, geotechnical site classifications, structural systems, construction materials and methods of construction in order to provide more realistic considerations of seismic demand, seismic response, and seismic capacity. Based on the aforementioned provisions, structures designed according to different seismic codes may yield different performances for the same level of hazard. This study aims to investigate and compare the induced responses related to the earthquake-resistant design of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings according to the Saudi building code (SBC-301), American code (ASCE-7), uniform building code (UBC-97), and European code (EC-8). In order to account for the provision regarding the hazard specification and its effect on the induced seismic responses, four regions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with different seismic levels are selected. The code provisions related to the specification of site classification and its effect on the induced design base shear are investigated as well. The dynamic response spectrum (RS) method with response reduction factors satisfying each of the considered codes are considered in the analysis. The structural analysis package ETABS is used to develop the building models used in the analysis and to apply the earthquake seismic loads and base soil types following the requirements of the different codes of design. Significant differences are observed in the induced responses with the variation in seismic codes of design for the considered seismic hazards and site classifications.12 0Item Restricted Effects of Late Preterm Birth on Motor, Cognitive and Behavioral Development on Saudi Children at Age of Two Years(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2019) Abufaleh, Shuruq Sultan; عبدالله، فؤاد عبدالرحمنBackground: Obesity is a major issue in Saudi Arabia which impact the individuals’ life as well as the community as a whole. As the adolescents is a critical period which may affect the adulthood, studying adolescents’ obesity which has multiple risk factors and affecting many domains of adolescents’ is highly needed. The purpose of the present study was to report the effects of obesity in adolescents’ physical activity, self-esteem, fatigue and sleeping quality Methods: A school-based cross sectional study involving 330 adolescents (age 14-18) from Riyadh, 51.5% were females. 48.5% of them with obesity and the rest were with normal body weight. BMI were considered based on BMI-for-age percentiles for specific gender. Each participant filled the following questionnaires: the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study, The Arabic version of The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, The Arabic Version of Fatigue Severity Scale and Adolescents Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index – Arabic. Results: Adolescents with obesity has significantly lower physical activity (P = 0.030), less physical activity time (P = 0.020), low self-esteem (P = 0.001) than those with normal body weight. Sleeping hours, sleeping quality and fatigue did not show significant differences between the two BMI groups. Majority of adolescents has sedentary behaviours (85.6% of males and 91.2% of females), females were spending significantly more time on screen than males. Unhealthy dietary habits have significant difference among the two BMI groups. Conclusions: Physical activity, self-esteem and healthy/unhealthy dietary habits were different in the two BMI groups. Sedentary behaviour is a major issue among Saudi adolescents. There is an urgent need for an actual plan to enhance healthy lifestyle among Saudi adolescents in order to minimize the obesity among them and reduce its consequences.1 0Item Restricted Incidence And Risk Factors Associated With Knee Injuries Among Active – Duty Saudi Arabia Military Services Members(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2019) Alqahtani, Saeed Fares; فوزي، رافت محمد; الزهراني، عيدان موسىBackground: Children who born late preterm (LP) (between 34+0 and 36+6 weeks +days’ gestation) are more likely to receive less attention which may lead to undiagnosed developmental delays including motor, cognitive and behavioral aspects which may affect different age periods. Early developmental investigations and detection of the potential delays within the first two years after birth give a good opportunity for early detection to avoid further complications. Purpose: To investigate the impact of LP birth on motor, cognitive and behavioural development in Saudi children at corrected age of two years compared to full term (FT) (born between 37 and 41week gestation) children. Method: Descriptive case control study was conducted on children at two years corrected age. Sixty-one LP children matched with 63 control children born at FT compared for motor, cognitive and behavioural development using the Ages & Stages Questionnaires third edition (ASQ-3), Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMSII), Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales fifth edition (SB5) and Child Behaviour Checklist scale for Ages 1.5–5 (CBCL/1½–5). Result: LP babies scored significantly worse than FT peers on the used outcome measurements. In motor abilities (fine& gross), 90-95% of LP babies were below average and 5-6% reach average level while 70-81% of FT babies at average level. For IQ level half of LP babies were below average level where 60% of FT babies at an average or higher level. LP babies at higher risk of behavior issues as 41% of them at borderline level in both internalizing and externalizing behaviors where 80-84% of FT babies at the normal level. Conclusion: Children born LP showed lower motor performance, lower cognitive abilities and higher level of behavioural problems in comparison with FT counterparts at age of two years.4 0Item Restricted Blind versus Deaf Children: Who is More Disabled in Terms of Motor Performance and Quality of Life(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2019) Al Jalal, Reema Mousa Mansour; اسماعيل، علاء إبراهيمWithin military population musculoskeletal injuries especially during sports and its related risk factors are high. They result in time consuming for treatment and rehabilitation, deters participation in some service roles and presents a humongous challenge in military services. Among common injuries are those of the knee. Although the great number of researches about knee injuries among military population, none of them was done to quantify that problem in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Purpose of the study: to explore the prevalence of knee injuries and risk factors among active duty military personnel in KSA. Significance of the study: this study draws attention of military medical teams and officials regarding the magnitude of knee injuries and supportive tools required to develop strategies to modify its risk factors, minimize its consequences and provoke researches into injuries prevention. Methods: This is a retrospective study included 2230 persons from all military branches with knee injuries between 2010 to 2016. Data collected from Saudi military hospitals and statistically analysed using correlations and regression models. Results: This study focused on 2230 patients with knee injuries. Their mean age was 42.73 and SD ±16.343. The frequency distribution showed that ACL injuries were the most common of knee injuries in the military population at 45.2% followed by meniscus injury (24.9%) and internal derangement (10.1%) with incidence rate 4.57, 0.25 and 0.10 respectively. Other incidences were negligible and representing only 0.1%. Chi square test revealed sports are the most contributing factor accounting for 30.5% of all knee injuries followed by twisting injuries at 25% (P = 0.000). Conclusion: This study revealed that injuries to the ACL which represent 45.2% followed by meniscal injuries which represent 24.9 % of all knee injuries are the most common knee injury among active-duty military personnel in KSA. Sports activities were the commonly cited factor influencing the incidence of knee injuries.3 0Item Restricted The Effects of Scapulothoracic Mobilization on Pain and Range of Motion in Patients with Neck Pain and Scapular Dyskinesis(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Alsadiq, Abrar Ibrahim; الشامي، على بن متعبBackground: Dyskinesis has been referred to as a major manifestation of affected muscle performance and neuromuscular control of the scapular stabilizers. Alterations around the scapula with muscular imbalances could facilitate or emphasize dysfunction in its surrounding structures through compressive and shear stresses created by abnormal pull through their shared attachments. No studies have investigated the effect of scapular mobilization with movement on neck mobility and pain in patients with neck pain and scapular dyskinesis. Design: a single-blind case-control study. Methods: Forty participants with chronic non-specific neck pain and scapular dyskinesis were alternatively allocated to one of two groups: experimental group (scapulothoracic MWM+ corrective exercises+ tape) or the control group(corrective exercises and tape). Pain intensity on visual analog scale (VAS), Pressure Pain Threshold (PPT), cervical and scapular range of motion (ROM) and Neck Disability Index (NDI) were measured at baseline, after the 3rd session and after the 6th session. Results: Pain decreased significantly (p£ 0.04) and clinically (³ 1.37 cm) in both groups after session 6. Although ROM of neck extension, right rotation, right lateral flexion and left lateral flexion improved significantly (p£ 0.031), this increase in neck ROM did not reach the minimal detectable change (MDC) of these movements. Scapular upward rotation improved significantly (p£ 0.017) and clinically (5.4 °³) after 6th session in the control but not in the experimental group. Function as expressed by decreased NDI improved significantly (p£0.02) and clinically (MDC >10)in both groups after session 6. There were no significant differences between the two groups in any outcome measure at any stage (p³0.230). PPT did not change in either group at any stage (p³0.06). Conclusion: Both interventions resulted in equal positive short-term impacts on measured variables of pain and disability with a variety of trends in regards of cervical and scapular dyskinesis ROMs. Thus, both approaches are recommended in the treatment regime of those with neck pain and dyskinetic manifestations. Adding scapular MWM was not efficient on improving pain, ROM and function more than exercises and tape in patients with neck pain associated by scapular dyskinesis.1 0Item Restricted Short-term effect of manual therapy on sensory features in patients with cervical radiculopathy: A randomized triple-blind experimental study(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Bamhair, Duaa Abdullah Mohammed; الشامي، على بن متعبBackground & Purpose: Cervical radiculopathy is a neurological disorder, which commonly results from compression or inflammation of nerve root. Research has shown somatosensory changes with this condition as measured by quantitative sensory testing (QST). Few studies have examined the effectiveness of cervical manual therapy techniques in patients with cervical radiculopathy. Studies that investigated the effect of manual therapy on somatosensory changes in this group of patients are lacking. Therefore, the aim of study was to examine the short-term effects of manual therapy on the sensory features in patients with chronic cervical radiculopathy. Study design: Randomized triple-blind controlled study Methods: Twenty-eight participants with cervical radiculopathy were randomly allocated either to a group that received a cervical manual therapy technique and exercise (manual group) or to a group that received minimal superficial pressure and exercise (control group). Each participant received a total of 6 sessions for 3-5 weeks. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Neck Disability Index (NDI), pressure pain threshold (PPT), heat/cold pain threshold (HPT/CPT), and active cervical range of motion (ROM) were measured at baseline, 5 minutes after the first and sixth session. The tested areas for PPT, HPT, and CPT were cervical spine, C7 dermatome on the hand, affected dermatome, and tibialis anterior. A mixed-model, two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni corrections were used to analyze the effects of treatment on the outcome measures. Results: Unlike the control group, manual therapy group showed statistically significant improvements with medium to large effect size from baseline to session 6 (week 3-5) in NPRS, NDI, PPT at the neck and C7 level at the hand, and active cervical ROM in extension, rotation and lateral flexion to the affected side (P<0>0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that cervical manual therapy for patients with cervical radiculopathy is effective for at least short-term in reducing pain intensity, functional limitations, and pressure pain sensitivity, as well as in improving cervical ROM for movements thought to decrease the size of intervertebral foramen.11 0Item Restricted The Effects of Different Aquatic Interventions on Muscle Power, Balance, Endurance, and Functional Skills in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Khan, Najwa Abdulrazak; اسماعيل، علاء إبراهيمBackground: The evidence based practice in CP treatment had been expanded and provided the possibility of newer, safer, and more effective interventions. Many interventions had the potential to improve muscle power, balance, endurance, and functional independence and skills. Aquatic intervention was one of the suggested interventions for children with CP. The recent published studies on different aquatic interventions in children with CP were insufficient and the supportive evidences to determine which of these interventions is more effective were scarce. Results: All groups showed significant improvements in MMT, HGS, MTUG, 1MWT, GMFCS, and FIM after treatment when compared to the baseline measurements (p≤0.05). The MAS did not show any significant improvement in any of the treatment groups (p>0.05). When comparing between groups, improvement of MMT and HGS were respectively higher in the SW (p=0.001) and the AS (p=0.04) groups than in the AP group. Improvement of MTUG was higher in the SW group than in the AP group (p=0.05). Improvement of 1MWT was higher in the AS group than in the AP group (p=0.01). Both FIM transfer and FIM locomotion scores were improved more in the SW (p=0.003 and 0.002 respectively) and the AS (p=0.004 and 0.002 respectively) groups than in the AP group. Conclusions: All interventions were effective in improving strength, balance, endurance, and functional independence and skills of the children with spastic CP, but not effective in reducing muscle tone. The SW and the AS programs were more effective than the AP program in improving muscle strength. The SW program was more effective than the AP program in improving balance. Also, the AS program was more effective than the AP program in improving endurance. Both FIM transfer and FIM locomotion were improved more in the SW and the AS groups than in the AP group.5 0Item Restricted The influence of using Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation on hand function in children with spastic cerebral palsy(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Almuslem, Zainab Shaker; سعد، على بن متعبBackground: hand dysfunction is considered to be a big problem in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Spasticity is one of the obstacles that may delay the development of hand function. Objectives: to investigate the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on antispastic muscles and on hand function in children with spastic CP in this study program. Materials and Methods: single-blind experimental study of 22 children with spastic CP (hemiplegic, quadriplegic and diplegic) from 4–12 years old. The experimental group received a conventional PT program and NMES, while the control group received a conventional physical therapy program only. Both groups were treated three times per week for six weeks. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS) was used in pre- and post-treatment to assess children’s spasticity. The Jamar dynamometer was used to measure hand strength. The Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) was used to evaluate the children’s hand functions by measuring their hand’s ability to hold an object in daily activities. The Bimanual Fine Motor Function Scale (BFMF) was used to measure the children’s ability to grasp, manipulate, and hold objects in each hand. Results: The experimental group showed a significant improvement in MAS p<0 p=0.05,>0.05 were not significant. Conclusions: The NMES seems to be effective in reduction of the hand spasticity, but no indication to improve in the hand function in this study.4 0Item Restricted The Immediate Effect of Kinesio Tape on Hamstring Muscle Length in Female Students of Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Al-Beshri, Zainab Saeed; يوسف، ايناس فوزيBackground: The hamstring muscle is an important muscle that affects the performance of almost all activities of daily living. Since this muscle is a large one that crosses two major joints (the hip and knee joint), it is more susceptible to losing its extensibility. Individuals who spend a long time in a sitting position, such as students or desk office workers, are predisposed to develop tightness in the hamstring muscle. There is no agreement on a standard protocol for the treatment of hamstring tightness. Kinesio taping is one of the options for treatment of the hamstring muscle and is considered a safe, passive, and non-painful intervention. If proven to be effective, it may help individuals with hamstring tightness, especially those with poor compliance and poor tolerance of painful stretching exercises. The purpose of the study: The objectives of the present study are to investigate the immediate effects of Kinesio taping on hamstring muscle extensibility and quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength. Procedure and methodology: Ninety-six students with hamstring tightness were recruited from Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University to participate in this prospective experimental study. All participants were assigned randomly to either a Kinesio tape group, sham tape group, or control group. The hamstring muscle length measurement was done by using the active knee extension test, and the strength measurement for the hamstring and quadriceps muscles was done using a handheld dynamometer. The outcome measurements were taken at baseline and 15 minutes after the intervention. Result: A significant effect of Kinesio tape on hamstring muscle extensibility in Kinesio tape group (p= 0.001) and the sham tape group (p=0.004). A significant difference in hamstring extensibility was found in the Kinesio tape group compared with the sham tape group and control group in favor of Kinesio tape. No significant effect on hamstring or quadriceps muscle strength in all groups. Conclusion: There is an immediate significant improvement in hamstring muscle extensibility after Kinesio tape application, which is considered of clinical importance in the treatment of hamstring muscle tightness.1 0Item Restricted Quantifying strength, flexibility, and girth of calf muscle in patients with knee osteoarthritis(Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 2018) Alhassany, Hussein Ahmed Mohammed; الشامي، على بن متعبBackground: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal illnesses. Pain and functional limitation are the most frequent clinical features associated with it. Deficits in thigh muscles such as quadriceps and hamstring have been demonstrated in patients with knee OA. However, trials on the characteristics of the calf muscle in these patients are lacking. Study design: A case-control study. Purpose: The primary aim of this study was to quantify the calf muscle girth, strength, and flexibility in patients with knee OA and compare them with normal people. The secondary aim was to investigate the correlation between these variables. Methods: Fifteen patients with knee OA and 15 healthy controls were recruited. The three outcome measures and instruments were: calf muscle girth (flexible non-elastic tape), calf muscle strength (handheld dynamometer), and calf muscle flexibility via ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) (standard goniometer). The measurements were undertaken in one session which lasted for approximately an hour. Statistical analysis: Independent t-test was used to investigate the differences between the two groups in the baseline characteristics and the outcome measures. Cohen’s d was calculated to measure the effect size. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was performed for correlation analysis. Results: Significant decrease of the calf muscle strength was found in knee OA patients compared to the control group (p= 0.012) with a small effect size. No significant differences were found between the two groups in flexibility of the calf muscle (p= 0.177) or in the girth of the calf muscle (p= 0.852). There were no significant correlations between any of these variables (p ≥ 0.260). Conclusion: There was a significant decrease in the calf muscle strength in knee OA group compared to the control group. We recommend considering the calf muscle strength examination and treatment in the management of patients with knee OA2 0
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