Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
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Item Restricted Exploring Noncognitive Factors in Nursing Education: Grit and Resilience as Predictors of Academic Achievement and Intention to Withdraw(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Almutairi, Khalid; Callaghan, DonnaThe need for more nurses is increasing globally due to the ongoing shortage of the current nursing workforce and the growing demand for healthcare services, particularly in Saudi Arabia, where the healthcare system has historically relied on expatriate nurses. Nursing programs face persistent challenges with high attrition rates, and in Saudi Arabia, estimates suggest that between one third and one half of nursing students do not complete their programs. Recent research has highlighted the potential role of noncognitive traits such as grit and resilience in shaping students’ academic success and persistence. The purposes of this study were to assess the levels of grit and resilience among Saudi nursing students and to examine the extent to which these traits predict academic achievement and intention to withdraw. In addition, the study included an exploration of students’ reasons for their intention to withdraw. A descriptive correlational design was used with convenience sampling from three public nursing schools in the middle region of Saudi Arabia. Students completed an online survey that included the Short Grit Scale (Grit-S), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10), a self-report of the latest cumulative GPA, and a single-item measure of intention to withdraw. Tinto’s (1975) model of student departure served as the theoretical framework. A total of 151 Saudi nursing students reported moderate levels of grit and resilience. Neither grit nor resilience significantly predicted academic achievement, while grit emerged as a significant inverse predictor of intention to withdraw. Resilience was not a significant predictor of either outcome. In adjusted models, high school GPA and gender were significantly associated with academic achievement, whereas grit continued to predict lower intention to withdraw. Only one student confirmed an actual plan to withdraw, citing stress as the reason. These findings suggest that grit may contribute more to persistence than to academic performance among Saudi nursing students. Considering noncognitive factors alongside academic indicators may support more holistic approaches to student admissions, advising, curriculum design, and student support. Future research should employ longitudinal and mixed-method approaches, use institutionally verified GPA, and develop validated multi-item tools for withdrawal intention. The results have important implications for nursing education, research, and practice. In education, screening for noncognitive traits and embedding skill-building activities into curricula may help strengthen students’ perseverance during high-risk transitions. In research, the findings support integrating noncognitive traits into Tinto’s individual attributes component and support the cross-cultural use of grit and resilience measures. In practice, fostering these traits during pre-licensure education and reinforcing them through structured transition to practice programs may promote retention and contribute to a more resilient nursing workforce.38 0Item Restricted Post-Release Prisoner Reintegration Frameworks: A Comparative Analysis of Strategies between England and Wales and Norway(University of Sheffield, 2024) Almutairi, Khalid; Morales-Gomez, AnaAbstract: Prisoner reintegration post-release is a global practice aimed at helping offenders transition successfully back into society and reducing undesirable behaviors such as reoffending. According to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC, 2018), successful reintegration requires addressing challenges like social adaptation issues, ostracism, and stigmatization, which impede access to education, housing, and employment. Without adequate support, these barriers can lead to recidivism, social rejection, and reconviction. Despite its importance, reintegration faces significant obstacles. In many criminal justice systems, the effectiveness of rehabilitative interventions is undermined by overcrowding, resource shortages, and lack of follow-up after release. For instance, fiscal cuts in prisons in England and Wales have hindered implementation, necessitating a shift to community-based reintegration frameworks, which garner broader public support for rehabilitation over punitive approaches. Evidence suggests that reintegration programs can significantly reduce recidivism. Studies indicate decreases in recidivism rates of up to 26%, accompanied by long-term reductions in prison populations. This study focuses on comparing prisoner reintegration strategies in England, Wales, and Norway, emphasizing the critical need for governments to invest in and optimize these programs to achieve their intended outcomes.24 0Item Restricted FACTORS INFLUENCING PERCEPTIONS ABOUT INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE AMONG SAUDI FEMALE STUDENTS IN UNITED STATESMAN(Norfolk State University, 2023-12-04) Almutairi, Khalid; Eden, Viola VaughanIntimate partner violence (IPV) is a concerning issue, as emphasized by the World Health Organization who estimates that one in three women are at risk of IPV . This research focuses on the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a country that grapples with levels of domestic violence. Unfortunately, this violence often starts at ages 13 to 15 years old due to ingrained societal norms. The aim of this study is to address a gap in the gender studies literature by examining the power dynamics between gender roles within the Saudi context. It explores the parts played by both non-governmental organizations such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), the National Family Safety Program (NFSP), the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), and the National Saudi Commission for Childhood (NSCC) in dealing with IPVs harmful effects. This study provides a nuanced understanding of how religion, gender, and IPV interact with each other while shedding light on challenges faced in upholding rights within Muslim majority countries. Additionally, it evaluates how initiatives, like the King Abdullah Scholarship Program contributes to reducing gender- based violence through empowering leaders and examines advancements made in Saudi Arabia and the United States to safeguard women’s rights. To comprehend the perception and effects of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) in society, frameworks such as defensive attribution theory, feminist approach theory, and the ambivalent sexism were utilized. These theories provide insights into how patriarchal norms ingrained in the culture contribute to both hostile and benevolent sexism.83 0