Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted An Empirical Research on Corporate Social Responsibility and Financial Performance in the Automobile Industry in the UK(Swansea, 2024) Guzaiz, Aqeel; ulHassan, ShabiCorporate social responsibility performed by the companies to develop strategies that are economically profitable, support the social causes, improves ethics and maintain the stakeholder relationship in the country (Awaysheh, et al., 2020). Hence, the corporate social responsibilities are the concept that demonstrates the linkage between the social development as well as the corporate growth. The UK’s automobile industry is dynamic and have renowned automobile companies that are adopting CSR activities that gives positive impact on the company’s profit and enhance financial performance by maintaining goodwill of the company. However, there are some issues faced by the organisations like the CSR performs by the organisations in the automobile industry will give lower return on rates in the industry as it affects the future stocks of the company negatively. The automobile industry made innovative changes in the organisation to achieve the sustainability goals which also contribute for the societal benefits. Moreover, the automobile organisations in the UK made environmental friendly design which will release less CO2 and create less air pollution in the country. There are automobile organisations in the UK those adopt sustainable supply chain management in the country for the automobile industry (Nyame-Asiamah & Ghulam, 2019). Therefore, it helps the automobile industry to make sustainable decisions which is beneficial for the organisations, and made contribution to improve social environment.24 0Item Embargo Development and Evaluation of an Educational Resource to Promote Skin-to-Skin Contact between Mother and Neonate in Saudi Arabia(The University of Newcastle, 2024-12) Hawsawi, Abeer; Fernandez, Ritin; Mackay, Maria; Alananzeh, Ibrahim; Al Mutair, AbbasIntroduction Skin-to-skin contact is crucial for both the baby and the mother for a better health outcome but the low practice rate in Saudi Arabia is a national concern. Consequently, there was an urgent need to develop an educational intervention to improve the uptake of skin-to-skin contact. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of educational resources to promote skin-to-skin contact in Saudi Arabia. Methodology and methods A multi-method design, grounded in the Knowledge to Action framework, included a scoping review, surveys, and a clinical controlled trial followed by a mixed-methods approach incorporating semi-structured interviews and surveys. The educational resources, available in both English and Arabic, consisted of a pamphlet, a PowerPoint presentation, and a short video. These resources were developed through co-creation, involving healthcare providers, mothers, and university researchers. An online consensus development conference involving 14 participants ensured the cultural and linguistic appropriateness of the resources. A total of 383 participants were recruited from two Saudi hospitals (control, n=192 and intervention, n=191) using a convenience sampling method to test the effect of the educational resource. Data analysis Data were collected using online surveys before and after the educational intervention. Semi structured interviews with eight mothers in the intervention group further explored their experiences with the intervention. The data were analysed using SPSS version 29. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including Chi-square and T-tests, were used to compare outcomes between the control and intervention groups. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Qualitative data from interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Results The online consensus development conference effectively guided the development and implementation of the educational intervention. The rates of correct skin-to-skin practice and breastfeeding within an hour after birth were significantly higher in the intervention group. Mothers reported a highly positive experience with the educational intervention. Conclusion The online consensus development conference facilitated the design and implementation of an effective intervention, significantly improving adherence to optimal skin-to-skin and early breastfeeding practices, with high maternal satisfaction.18 0Item Restricted الأحكام القانونية لعقد العمل الإلكتروني في النظام السعودي/ دراسة مقارنة(جامعة عمان العربية, 2024) الرويلي, نايف; القضاة, منذريعد عقد العمل الإلكتروني من العقود الحديثة التي تستدعي تأطيرًا قانونيًا متكاملًا في النظام السعودي بما يتوافق مع التطورات العالمية حيث يتطلب ذلك مراجعة مستمرة للأحكام القانونية وتعديل القوانين لتلبية احتياجات العصر الرقمي مع الحفاظ على حقوق كل من العامل وصاحب العمل، وهدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على الأحكام القانونية لعقد العمل الإلكتروني في النظام السعودي/ دراسة مقارنة، وفي النظام السعودي يُعترف بالتوقيع الإلكتروني بموجب نظام المعاملات الإلكترونية، الذي يحدد أن أي عملية تتعلق بالتوثيق الإلكتروني تعتبر صحيحة قانونيًا، بما في ذلك عقود العمل، حيث يُمكن للطرفين في عقد العمل الإلكتروني استخدام التوقيع الإلكتروني كوسيلة لإثبات عقد العمل وتوثيقه، أما في القانون الأردني فإن قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية الأردني يُعترف أيضًا بالتوقيع الإلكتروني كأداة قانونية، ويُشترط أن يكون التوقيع الإلكتروني موثوقًا ومقبولًا في المعاملات القانونية، وقد أوصت الدراسة بانه يجب تطوير تشريعات أكثر تفصيلًا وتنظيمًا بشأن عقود العمل الإلكترونية، بما في ذلك توضيح آليات التوثيق والتوقيع الإلكتروني لضمان حماية حقوق العمال بشكل أكبر، كما يُوصى بإصدار قوانين تنظم العلاقات العمالية عبر الإنترنت بشكل صريح تركز على توثيق العقود الإلكترونية والمساواة في الحقوق بين العمال المحليين والدوليين.482 0Item Restricted Adult Foster Homes in an Aging America: Trends, Effects, and Operational Challenges (2017–2023)(Oregon Health and Science University, 2024) Albalawi, Wafi; Chair, Paula Carder; Tunalilar, Ozcan; Messer, Lynne; Carlson, BryantBackground: As the aging U.S. population grows, the demand for long-term care services (LTCS) is rising. Adult Foster Homes (AFHs), small residential care settings providing personalized support for older adults, play a critical role in meeting this demand. However, limited research has focused on AFHs compared to other LTCS options. This dissertation examines Oregon’s AFH holistically by assessing home characteristics, resident’s status and health needs, and the experiences of operators, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Utilizing data from the Oregon Community-Based Care study (2017–2023), this mixed methods research integrates quantitative trend analyses and qualitative content analysis. It explores three key aims: (1) identifying trends in residents' health conditions, service utilization, and medication use; (2) assessing associations between AFH characteristics and healthcare outcomes; and (3) capturing operators' perspectives on rewards and challenges during the pandemic. Results: Findings reveal high prevalence rates of dementia and polypharmacy among residents, with increasing medication use and stable trends in ADL needs. Family involvement significantly declined during the pandemic but showed partial recovery post-restrictions. Operators highlighted meaningful rewards, such as resident care and autonomy, alongside challenges like regulatory burdens and low Medicaid reimbursement rates. Conclusion: By highlighting the unique attributes, resident health needs, and operational challenges of AFHs in Oregon, this study brings critical attention to an often-overlooked long-term care option13 0Item Restricted رسالة ماجستير بعنوان دراسة اقتصادية للفجوة الغذائية من اللحوم الحمراء وأثرها علي الامن الغذائي بالمملكة العربية السعودية(جامعة عين شمس, 2024) الحراجين, نواف; شحاته, محمد سيديواجه القطاع الزراعي السعودي العديد من التحديات التي تتمثل في محدودية الموارد الأرضية الصالحة للزراعة، وقلة المتاح من المياه، وعدم ملائمة الظروف المناخية؛ فضلاً عن عدم الاستغلال الأمثل للموارد المتاحة في كثير من الأحيان، وقد أدى ذلك إلى وجود فجوة ما بين احتياجات الأفراد وما يتم إنتاجه محلياً من معظم السلع الغذائية، نتيجة لتزايد الطلب على السلع الغذائية بمعدلات تفوق معدلات نمو الإنتاج لتلك السلع، وهو ما يُعزى إلى عاملي الزيادة السكانية الطبيعية من ناحية وارتفاع مستويات الدخول لأفراد المجتمع نتيجة ما يجري من عمليات التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية بمختلف مناطق المملكة، ومن ثم زيادة الطلب على المنتجات الغذائية من ناحية أخرى. حيث تشير الإحصاءات المتاحة إلى وجود فجوة غذائية في المملكة العربية السعودية في كل من اللحوم الحمراء، ولحوم الدواجن بلغت عام 2022م حوالي 198.4، 534.5 ألف طن على الترتيب، وهذه الفجوة تتزايد من سنة لأخرى، الأمر الذي يستلزم الاهتمام بهذا القطاع الحيوي والتوسع في المشروعات الإنتاجية واتخاذ السياسات اللازمة لتحقيق الأمن الغذائي وتقليل حجم تلك الفجوة بالمملكة.86 0Item Restricted فاعلية التدريب والتطوير في عصر العولمة والتحول الرقمي وأثره على العاملين في شركات البتروكيميائيات في مدينة الجبيل الصناعية(كلية البحرين الجامعية, 2025-01) الرشيدي, محمد; العلوي, هيثم1- الاهمية العملية للدراسة تكمن الأهمية العلمية للدراسة في النقاط التالي: - 1-توضيح المفاهيم الأساسية للتدريب والتطوير والعولمة والتحول الرقمي. 2-تسليط الضوء على التدريب والتطوير واهميتهما في تحسين الاداء للعاملين 3-الاثراء العلمي الذي تضفيه نتائج الدراسة لتوضيح الاسس العلمية لبرامج التدريب والتطوير والتقنيات الرقمية 4-توضيح الايجابيات والسلبيات للتحول الرقمي في عصر العولمة وكيفية الاستفادة منها في ضوء نتائج الدراسة الاهمية العلمية للدراسة تمثلت الأهمية العملية للدراسة، فيما يلي: - 1-بيان العلاقة بين فاعلية التدريب والتطوير والتحول الرقمي وأثرها على اداء العاملين 2-- مدى نجاح برامج التدريب والتطوير في عصر العولمة على أسس علمي ومنهجيو التأكيد على دور التدريب ومدى فهم وزيادة تطوير ومهارات العاملين 3-تكمن اهمية البحث الاساسية في النتائج المتوقعة منه والتي يمكن ان تساهم في تفعيل والتدريب والتطوير داخل المنظمات بفاعلية من اجل تطوير اداء العاملين بها.15 0Item Restricted IoT Device Security Evaluation(cardiff university, 2022-01) Alonazi, Amjad; Theodorakopoulos, GeorgeInternet of Things (IoT) is expected to take the major portion of computing. In the come years. The lack of inbuilt security and security protocols in cheap IoT devices give privilege to an attacker to exploit these device's vulnerabilities and break into the target device. Penetration testing is generally used to identify the vulnerabilities/ possible attacks on these devices. To this effect an extensive penetration testing was carried to evaluate the security postures of the Tapo Smart Plug P100 a product of TP-Link Technologies Co. Ltd, a compact wireless smart plug which uses 802.11b/g/n IEEE standards Bluetooth version 4.2 and above for connecting to the phone. Based on the evaluation on the device the following vulnerabilities were discovered, weak user’s password policy implementation, opened ports which were running compromisable services, weak and outdated cryptographic protocols, unencrypted network packets for users with exclusive network access and insufficient security validation for Web server, FTP and HTTP. All these shows the paradigm shift on the perspective that IoT had a few attacks surface. This clearly demonstrates the extent on how a cyber attacker can often use multiple attack surfaces on vulnerabilities devices of to reach the target device and breach confidentiality, authentication, and availability4 0Item Restricted Study of clinicopathological factors related to recurrence, metastasis, and prognosis in lower gingival squamous cell carcinoma(Hokkaido University, 2025-03) Alanazi, Hamad Khalaf; Wataru, Kakuguchi; Yoichi, OhiroLower gingival squamous cell carcinoma (LGSCC) poses a unique challenge in oncology due to its frequent early bone invasion, a characteristic stemming from its anatomical location. This often results in an overrepresentation of T4 staging within the traditional TNM system, which primarily relies on tumor size and extent. Consequently, the TNM staging may not accurately reflect the true biological behavior and prognosis of LGSCC, as it neglects other critical factors influencing disease progression. This study aimed to address this discrepancy by investigating the limitations of the current TNM system in predicting LGSCC outcomes and identifying additional prognostic factors that could contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate risk assessment. To investigate the limitations of the standard TNM staging system in lower gingival squamous cell carcinoma (LGSCC), a retrospective analysis was performed on 104 patients treated at Hokkaido University Hospital. This study expanded beyond traditional TNM staging by incorporating detailed histopathological evaluations, including YK classification for bone invasion, worst pattern of invasion (WPOI), grade of differentiation, and depth of invasion (DOI). Utilizing Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and chi-squared tests, the study aimed to identify additional prognostic factors that could refine risk assessment, demonstrating that DOI, patient age, and WPOI, in conjunction with traditional T staging, significantly influence disease outcomes, emphasizing the necessity of incorporating histopathological features for more accurate LGSCC prognostication.4 0Item Restricted Vortex-Induced Photo-Contact Electrification Synthesis of Func6onal Metal Nanomaterials(Flinders University, 2025-03-13) Alotaibi, Badriah; Raston, ColinMetal nanomaterials with precise control over their shape, morphology, and size (ranging from nanometers to micrometers), have gain significant interest due to the unique chemical, physical, thermal, op5cal, mechanical, and conduc5ve proper5es. These materials hold an immense poten5al for a wide range of applica5ons par5cularly in catalysis. Over the years, various synthesis methods have been developed including boAom-up and top-down. A notable progress has been occurred using these methods, for controlling the synthesis of zero-dimensional (0D), onedimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures. However, there are several limita5ons and challenges that s5ll to be address, including the necessity of using high amounts of reagents, long processing 5me, the use of chemical stabilisers, the high cost of the associated complex processing, and scalability issue. This dissertation focuses on creating a paradigm shift in metal nanomaterials synthesis to overcome its limitation, by using the Vortex Fluidic Device (VFD) which is a continuous flow reactor utilizing rotating liquid tubes to generate a dynamic thin film. This can enhance chemical reactions through increased mass transfer, micro-mixing, and shear stress applied to the dynamic thin film of liquid. Thin film microfluidics offer numerous benefits in chemical processing due to their large surface-to-volume ratios, resulting in reduced reaction times, precise control over residence time and temperature, enhanced safety measures, and crucially enable scalability considerations from the initial stages of research. This contribute significantly to the development of environmentally sustainable processes that are also economically feasible. My PhD research aimed at utilizing a cutting-edge VFD to establish an unprecedented method of generating pristine gold (Au), silver (Ag), and rhenium(Re) nanoparticles and gold@graphene oxide (Au@GO) nanocomposite, where the size and morphology of nanoparticles can be controlled in water and in the absence of added reducing agents or other excipients such as surfactants. This involves UV irradiation of an aqueous metal source in a thin film of liquid generated in the VFD within a rapidly rotating quartz tube, resulted in a charge transfer between dielectric surfaces during contact and separation known as Contact Electrification (CE). The CE phenomena occur at the solid (tube surface)-liquid interface, forming reactive oxygen species present, competing with CE reduction of metal on the surface of the tube coupled with the photo-induced oxidation of water. The findings establish a paradigm for VFD processing in water under such UV irradiation involving photo-induced CE, which allows access to different nanoparticles crystallization of 1D, 2D, 3D structures and composite materials beyond what is possible using traditional batch processing strategies, with the surfaces pristine and the overall processing having beneficial green chemistry metrics. These metal nanomaterials show promising potential for catalysis applications along with other possible uses currently under investigation. The VFD offers the advantage of synthesising nanomaterials by employing simple one-step methods that eliminate the use of chemical stabilizers and surfactants, while maintaining scalability.8 0Item Restricted Non-Surgical Approaches for Management of Gummy Smile(Ulster University, 2024) Bin Bakheet, Taghreed; Yassin, Oula1. Purpose The management of gummy smiles, characterized by an excessive gingival display of more than 2-3 mm, has become increasingly relevant due to the growing aesthetic concerns among patients. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and durability of non-surgical approaches, including Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A), hyaluronic acid (HA), and micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT), for treating gummy smiles. The focus is on assessing these methods' effectiveness in reducing gingival display and improving patient satisfaction. 2. Methods A narrative literature review was conducted, sourcing studies from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Open Gray. The inclusion criteria focused on adult patients with gummy smiles treated exclusively through non-surgical methods, with a follow-up period of at least six months. Quality was assessed using the CASP and Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. 3. Results The review included eight studies. Five utilized BTX-A, showing significant, though temporary, reductions in gingival display and high patient satisfaction rates. One study on HA fillers demonstrated significant improvement in gummy smiles, with effects lasting up to eight months. MAFT provided the longest-term results up to 12 months, although it was limited by a small sample size. Overall, most studies reported high levels of patient satisfaction, and a significant reduction in the excessive gingival display indicating the effectiveness of these non-surgical treatments for gummy smiles. 4. Conclusions Non-surgical treatments for gummy smiles, including BTX-A, HA, and MAFT, have shown promising results in reducing gingival display and enhancing patient satisfaction. Despite there are some methodological limitations, these treatments provide feasible alternatives to surgical procedures. However, further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods is recommended.24 0