Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Strategic Analysis of a Low-Carbon and Cost-Effective Power System in Saudi Arabia by 2030(University of Cambridge, 2025) Albanmi, Faisal; Smail, FionaSaudi Arabia is undergoing transformative changes in its power sector as part of its broader Vision 2030 agenda, presenting a unique opportunity to reshape its energy landscape. With a national target of achieving 50% electricity generation from renewable sources by 2030, the Kingdom is not only rethinking its energy mix but also actively investing in innovations that support decarbonization and long-term cost-effectiveness. These shifts open up strategic opportunities to design a modern power system that aligns with both national ambitions and global climate responsibilities. This dissertation presents a comprehensive strategic analysis of Saudi Arabia’s pathway to a low-carbon and economically viable power grid by 2030. It begins with an in-depth review of the Kingdom’s power sector development, historical emissions, and policy targets under Vision 2030. The study then explores the country’s renewable energy potential, focusing on solar and wind resources, while also assessing the role of emerging low-carbon technologies, such as hydrogen, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), and large-scale energy storage systems. To evaluate system performance and identify the most viable future grid configurations, the project employs PyPSA (Python for Power System Analysis), an open-source modelling framework, to simulate generation scenarios, optimize the energy mix, and analyse trade-offs between cost and emissions. Through this modelling effort, the study estimates the Levelised Cost of Electricity (LCOE) across technologies and assesses the overall system’s carbon impact, offering insights into the most strategic and practical pathways forward. Ultimately, this work aims to provide actionable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders on how to structure Saudi Arabia’s future power system in a way that balances energy security, affordability, and sustainability.29 0Item Restricted Development of a method to capture and quantify emissions from open burning of explosives(Cranfield University, 2024) Alqahtani, Waleed; Wardrop, Josh; Persico, Federica; Temple, TraceyThis thesis presents the development of a method for capturing and quantifying gaseous emissions resulting from the open burning of explosives. The environmental impact of military explosives disposal, particularly through open burning and detonation, necessitates improved emission monitoring techniques to mitigate pollution and health risks. Four commonly used explosives, RDX, TNT, NTO, and nitrocellulose, were selected for this study due to their widespread application in military and industrial settings. A bespoke gas collection system was designed to capture emissions from controlled open burning experiments, with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) employed for real-time gas analysis. The system was validated using inert materials such as cellulose and paraffin wax, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the emission quantification process before analysing explosive samples. The FTIR analysis identified key emissions, including CO₂, CO, N₂O, H₂O, and NOx, which were quantified and compared to theoretical predictions based on the combustion of each explosive. The results revealed significant variations in emission profiles between different explosives, highlighting the environmental hazards posed by traditional disposal methods. The findings from this study underscore the importance of accurate emission capture and analysis to inform safer explosive disposal practices. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the gaseous by-products of open burning, advocating for enhanced monitoring frameworks to reduce the ecological footprint of explosive ordnance disposal operations.31 0Item Restricted Development of a method to capture and quantify emissions from open burning of explosives(Cranfield University, 2024) Alqahtani, Waleed; Wardrop, Josh; Persico, Federica; Temple, TraceyThis thesis presents the development of a method for capturing and quantifying gaseous emissions resulting from the open burning of explosives. The environmental impact of military explosives disposal, particularly through open burning and detonation, necessitates improved emission monitoring techniques to mitigate pollution and health risks. Four commonly used explosives, RDX, TNT, NTO, and nitrocellulose, were selected for this study due to their widespread application in military and industrial settings. A bespoke gas collection system was designed to capture emissions from controlled open burning experiments, with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) employed for real-time gas analysis. The system was validated using inert materials such as cellulose and paraffin wax, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the emission quantification process before analysing explosive samples. The FTIR analysis identified key emissions, including CO₂, CO, N₂O, H₂O, and NOx, which were quantified and compared to theoretical predictions based on the combustion of each explosive. The results revealed significant variations in emission profiles between different explosives, highlighting the environmental hazards posed by traditional disposal methods. The findings from this study underscore the importance of accurate emission capture and analysis to inform safer explosive disposal practices. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the gaseous by-products of open burning, advocating for enhanced monitoring frameworks to reduce the ecological footprint of explosive ordnance disposal operations.17 0Item Restricted Development of a method to capture and quantify emissions from open burning of explosives(Cranfield University, 2024-10) Alqahtani, Waleed; Temple, Tracey; Persico, Federica; Wardrop, JoshThis thesis presents the development of a method for capturing and quantifying gaseous emissions resulting from the open burning of explosives. The environmental impact of military explosives disposal, particularly through open burning and detonation, necessitates improved emission monitoring techniques to mitigate pollution and health risks. Four commonly used explosives, RDX, TNT, NTO, and nitrocellulose, were selected for this study due to their widespread application in military and industrial settings. A bespoke gas collection system was designed to capture emissions from controlled open burning experiments, with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) employed for real-time gas analysis. The system was validated using inert materials such as cellulose and paraffin wax, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the emission quantification process before analysing explosive samples. The FTIR analysis identified key emissions, including CO₂, CO, N₂O, H₂O, and NOx, which were quantified and compared to theoretical predictions based on the combustion of each explosive. The results revealed significant variations in emission profiles between different explosives, highlighting the environmental hazards posed by traditional disposal methods. The findings from this study underscore the importance of accurate emission capture and analysis to inform safer explosive disposal practices. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the gaseous by-products of open burning, advocating for enhanced monitoring frameworks to reduce the ecological footprint of explosive ordnance disposal operations.28 0