Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Nurses Delivering Care in Hospitals(Saudi Digital Library, 2023) Alruwaili, Bashayer Muidh; Parkinson, DenisBackground: Nurses have faced significant challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, with one major issue being the increased mental health concerns. These could impact the quality of healthcare provided by nurses, along with patient care and safety, as a result of multiple factors, including heavy workloads and long hours. Numerous other factors affecting nurses can influence these outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to provide accessible resources to help nurses reduce their mental health problems and improve their overall psychological well-being. Such resources would be able to offer effective strategies to support nurses as they care for patients during these challenging times. Aim: To review and synthesize published research about the impact of COVID-19 on the psychological well-being of nurses and identify effective strategies that can assist nurses with mitigating mental health issues during the pandemic. Methodology: This study will provide a narrative review of the evidence. The researchers conducted an extensive review of the literature by utilizing various online biomedical databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus. Result: After limiting the search dates to December 2019 –2023, the literature search identified a total of 132 articles. The primary focus of the study is the COVID- 19 period, which led to the exclusion of studies published before December 2019 from consideration. Critical Appraisal and Skills Programme (CASP) tools were utilized to evaluate the credibility and quality of the articles, leading to the inclusion of 19 articles that were considered appropriate for this review. Conclusion: This review identified the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses' mental health, particularly due to certain factors such as increased workloads and fear of infection, which significantly affect their well-being. Ensuring nurses' mental health is vital for maintaining high-quality patient care. Offering efficient support and accessible resources can mitigate stress levels and enhance resilience. Given the long-term consequences of the pandemic on healthcare systems, continuous support and monitoring for nurses' mental well-being are essential. Strengthening nurses' capacity to provide patient care can be achieved through a culture that promotes well-being and provides sustained support.8 0Item Restricted Three Essays on the Impacts of Immigrants on Natives(University of Connecticut, 2023-08) Almuhaisen, Abdulmohsen; Furtado, Delia; Agüero, Jorge; Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina; Cesur, ResulThis dissertation explores the impacts of refugee and immigrant inflows on natives in the context of developing (Jordan) and developed (United States) countries. The first chapter investigates whether the sudden influx of Syrian refugees into Jordan starting in 2011 induced a reduction in healthcare utilization among native Jordanians, perhaps especially in terms of routine care. Exploiting variation in the share of refugees across time and space and using an instrumented difference-in-differences identification strategy, this chapter examines the impact of Syrian refugees on childhood immunization rates of native Jordanians. I find that the influx delayed natives’ receipt of childhood vaccines, suggesting some congestion in the healthcare sector. However, I find no effect on the likelihood of eventually receiving the vaccines, pointing to the short-term nature of the impacts of such events. The second chapter investigates another potential impact of the same influx –namely the impact on school enrollment among youth Jordanians. Using a similar identification strategy, I show that the influx reduced school enrollment, primarily among males and youths with less educated parents. Next, I show that the effect would have been larger in the absence of post-influx investments in educational infrastructure in the most impacted areas. Finally, I show an increase in employment among Jordanian youths, pointing to a potential labor market mechanism for the estimated effect. The third chapter examines the relationship between immigration enforcement and the institutionalization rates of the elderly. Exploiting the staggered implementation of the Secure Communities (SC) immigration enforcement program across U.S. counties from 2008 through 2014, we show that SC increased the likelihood that Americans aged 65 and above live in an institution. Supportive of supply shocks in the household services market as a central mechanism, we find that the elderly who are most likely to purchase domestic worker services are also the most likely to move into nursing homes following the implementation of SC. Additionally, we find suggestive evidence of significant reductions in the work hours of housekeepers, personal care aides, and home health workers hinting at the critical role of negative supply shocks in occupations that facilitate aging in community.23 0