Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Nurses’ Experiences of Breaking Bad News in Oncology Settings With Adolescents and Young People(Trinity College Dublin, 2024-08-22) Alyami, Malak; Murphy, MaryanneABSTRACT Background: Oncology nurses communicate with adolescents and young adults (AYAs) at the end of life to break bad news, communicate important information, or gain insight into the patient’s condition, anxiety, fear, or pain. However, oncology nurses face many barriers to communicating with AYAs to break bad news at the end of life, so identifying these barriers is an essential step in overcoming them. What barriers do oncology nurses face when communicating with AYAs to break bad news at the end of life? Aim: To conduct a systematic review examining barriers oncology nurses face when communicating with AYAs to break bad news at the end of life. Methods: A systematic review question was developed, a search strategy was defined, and inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to the search results. Afterwards, a quality assessment of the included studies was conducted, and data extraction was conducted according to JBI standards and protocol. The meta-aggregative approach was applied, and the extracted data were grouped into prominent themes. Results: The search and selection strategy resulted in 2,080 studies to which the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. After filtering the studies, 20 remained. Four met the high-quality assessment criteria and were included in the thematic analysis and meta-aggregative process. The analysis and synthesis process resulted in the emergence of five main themes related to the barriers faced by oncology nurses in breaking bad news to AYAs at the end of life: 1) communication skills and experiences of oncology nurses, 2) individual barriers, 3) professional barriers, 4) institutional barriers, and 5) societal barriers to breaking bad news. Conclusions: Oncology nurses face many barriers related to their lack of competence and effective communication skills. These barriers may be professional or related to the lack of protocols for breaking bad news and communicating with AYA oncology patients. They may also be due to institutional barriers resulting from inadequate resources, time, and nurses. In addition, the relationships between nurses and multidisciplinary teams, the overlap of tasks, and the lack of clarity of roles in the process of breaking bad news constitute barriers to the success of the communication process, in addition to the linguistic and cultural diversity between nurses, patients, and their families, which constitute major challenges in the communication process.16 0Item Restricted A Narrative Review: Reducing Obesity among Adolescent Girls through Physical Activity(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-03) Altuwayrib, Khawlah Abdullah; Carlton, JillBackground The prevalence of obesity among adolescent girls is increasing at an alarming rate, raising major health and social concerns. Physical activity is an important factor in the fight against obesity, but its effectiveness is sometimes still ambiguous. Aim The aim of this narrative review is to bring together and critically evaluate the available research on the role of physical activity in reducing obesity rates among adolescent girls. This review focuses on investigating the effectiveness of different types of interventions and highlights the methodological rigor of the included research. Design A narrative review design was used for the purpose of providing a comprehensive overview and critical appraisal of available research in the field. Search Strategy A search was performed using reputed databases such as PubMed and Cochrane. Keywords such as “adolescent girls,” “obesity,” “physical activity,” and “body weight” were used to extrapolate scientific references. Studies published from 2013 to 2023 were analysed. Review Method Twelve studies were selected based on several criteria, including relevance to the research question, methodological rigor, and scientific contribution to the field of study. These studies were carefully evaluated by analysing the strengths and weaknesses of each study, as well as estimating the implications. Results The review found that there is positive appreciation for the effectiveness of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), educational interventions and school-based programs in reducing obesity rates among adolescent girls. However, studies have also shown that there are factors that need to be considered when designing these interventions, such as unhealthy behaviours including increased screen time. Among noted limitations were small sample sizes in some studies, lack of control groups in some cases, and reliance on self-reported data without independent verification. Conclusion The findings affirm the role of physical activity in managing obesity among adolescent girls but also highlight the complexity of the issue. Future research should focus on long-term interventions, multidisciplinary approaches, and gender-specific factors. The review serves as a critical guide for clinicians, educators, policymakers, and researchers aiming to develop more effective, evidence-based strategies for obesity management in adolescent girls.13 0Item Restricted The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality in Reducing Pain Intensity During Wound Dressing Changes in Children and Adolescents with Burn Injuries: A Systematic Review(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-01) Alhawiti, Hana; Brindley, AlisonBackground: Children and adolescents who suffer burn injuries often experience pain when their wounds are being dressed which can have an impact on their overall physical and mental well-being. Distraction with Virtual Reality (VR) has emerged as a non-conventional tactic to alleviate pain in different medical settings. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of VR in easing pain intensity during wound care procedures like dressing changes in paediatric burns compared to conventional wound care. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in the COCHRANE database, CINAHL, PubMed, and Medline to find relevant articles published that examined the effectiveness of using virtual reality as a distraction technique for managing pain during wound dressing changes in children and adolescents with burn injuries. The focus of the systematic review was on reducing the intensity of pain. Data were analysed and synthesized using a systematic review without meta-analysis. Results: A total of 527 articles were identified, with 404 from the COCHRANE Central database and the rest from other databases. After screening and assessing eligibility, 8 studies were included in this systematic review. Initial analysis suggests that VR distraction could effectively lower pain intensity during wound dressing changes for paediatric and adolescent burn patients. However, more investigation is needed to validate these results and ascertain the most suitable application of VR distraction in this group. Conclusion: Virtual reality distraction shows promise as a successful intervention to alleviate pain severity during the process of changing dressings for children and adolescents with burn injuries. This systematic review highlights the need for additional high-quality studies to strengthen the evidence base and provide guidance for the integration of VR distraction into standard wound care protocols.17 0