Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
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Item Restricted The impact of nurse work environment on nurse outcomes, nurse-perceived quality of care and patient safety in Saudi Arabia(University of British Columbia, 2018) Alharbi, Amal Ali; Dahinten, SusanBackground: The current shortage of nurses jeopardizes the quality and safety of patient care globally, and is particularly serious in Saudi Arabia. There is ample evidence that nurse work environments are important to nurses’ job satisfaction, burnout, and retention, and the quality and safety of patient care. However, most of this research has been conducted in the United States and Europe with very little emanating from Saudi Arabia or the Middle East. Purpose: This study investigated relationships between components of nurse work environment and nurse outcomes and nurse-perceived quality of care and patient safety. Methods: This correlational study was conducted using cross-sectional data collected from 496 registered nurses working in a large tertiary hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Participants completed an online survey similar to that used in RN4Cast studies. Nurse-reported measures were used to assess nurses’ perceptions of their work environments, nurse-outcomes (i.e., job satisfaction, burnout, and intent to leave), and nurses’ perceptions of quality of care and patient safety. Hierarchical logistic regression was conducted to examine the relationships between components of nurse work environment and nurse and patient outcomes, after controlling for nurse and patient characteristics. Findings: Nurses’ perceptions of staffing and resource adequacy was predictive of all nurse outcomes except for intent to leave whereas nurse manager ability and leadership was found to be predictive only of job satisfaction. In terms of patient outcomes, staffing and resources adequacy and nursing foundation for quality of care were found to be the only independent predictors of quality of care and patient safety. Implications for Nurse Leaders: Nurse leaders in Saudi Arabia should give special attention to staffing and resources adequacy, nursing management and leadership, and nursing foundation for care delivery at the unit level. Hospitals in Saudi Arabia should strive for magnet-like qualities as they play a critical role in the recruitment and retention of nurses and contribute to better quality and safe care delivery. Conclusion: Magnet-like work environments that are culturally sensitive are critical to attracting and retaining Saudi nurses and nurses from other countries who are currently vital to alleviating the nursing shortage in Saudi Arabia.20 0Item Restricted Assessment of Wear Characteristics, Longevity and Stiffness of Essix-type Retainers(Saudi Digital Library, 2023) Alfadil, Lina; Fleming, Padhraig; Patel, Mangala; Pandis, Nikolaos; Fleming, PadhraigObjective: To compare four commercially-available Essix-type retainers in terms of longevity, wear characteristics, stiffness, and their range of rigidity. Design and Setting: An in vitro study conducted at Queen Mary University of London. Materials and Methods: Four groups of thermoplastic materials were included: Duran (PETG), Essix C+ (Polypropylene), Vivera, and Zendura (Polyurethane). A working typodont was fabricated to evaluate surface wear characteristics using a wear machine with a customised jig. Retainers were measured for tensile test and water absorption was measured at five different time points up to 6 months after initial immersion in two different physical states and two different solutions. Hydrolytic degradation was also evaluated using FTIR spectroscopy. Results: Essix C+ was the most flexible retainer with Vivera the stiffest material. Zendura and Essix C+ had the most surface wear and highest absorption rates. Only Essix C+ displayed signs of degradation following water absorption. Conclusions: All materials displayed characteristic levels of flexibility and were susceptible to water absorption. Duran 1.5mm performed similarly to Vivera in relation to stiffness and wear properties. While Zendura and Vivera have similar chemical structures, they exhibited differences concerning wear resistance and water absorption. Further clinical research evaluating the clinical relevance of these laboratory findings is required. Clinical relevance: Characteristic patterns of wear and rigidity of four commercially-available Essix-type retainers were observed. This information should help in the tailoring of retainer material based on a case-by-case basis.18 0Item Restricted Investigation of Existing and New Human Resources Practices on Public Health Eemployee Retention During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-07-30) Alattas, Mohsen Mohammed; Jang, Hee Soun; Andrew, Simon; Benavides, Abraham; Shi, KellyThis research investigates existing and new HR practices that have impacted public health employee retention in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. It builds on social support theory and social exchange theory to better understand the relationships between HR practices and retention, and uses quantitative methods to examine the hypotheses based on a conceptual framework. While OLS regression is employed to analyze the relationships between HR practices and retention, path analysis (bootstrapping) is used to examine the mediator variable. Based on 417 valid questionnaires distributed to public health employees in Saudi Arabia’s central, western, and eastern regions, the analysis illustrates that while training and emphasis on work-life-balance as existing HR practices had a positive effect on retention, social support (supervisory support) and promotion of mental well-being as new HR practices also had a positive effect on retention during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the hypothesis that compensation and occupational health and safety would improve retention was not supported. These results indicate that financial benefits and providing safety materials did not lead to employee retention. Meanwhile, safety training programs, psychosocial support, and promotion of well-being have been essential HR practices during the pandemic. Regarding the mediation hypotheses, interestingly, the results show that organizational commitment has mediated relationships between safety training and mental (psychological) well-being on one hand and public health retention on the other during the pandemic.31 0