A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF METHODOLOGIES IN NEEDS ANALYSIS IN ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES IN SAUDI ARABIA

Abstract

Needs analysis is crucial for developing effective English for Specific Purposes (ESP) courses, as it identifies learners' specific language needs. This systematic review examined the methodologies employed in needs analysis research within the Saudi Arabian ESP context from 2014 to 2024. Using a systematic review approach, 57 studies were initially identified through a detailed keyword search across various databases, with 21 studies meeting the inclusion criteria for in-depth analysis. A framework was designed and employed to extract and systematically analyze the data. The findings revealed an increasing reliance on mixed-methods approaches. Questionnaires and interviews were widely employed, with document analysis gaining prominence in recent years. The review also noted that, over the past decade, the majority of studies have concentrated on English for Academic Purposes (EAP) contexts. Additionally, there has been a significant rise in the use of technologies for data collection. The study identified challenges such as data complexity, participant accessibility, low response rates, and the need to ensure objectivity while minimizing bias. This review highlights the critical role of needs analysis in informing the design of ESP courses in Saudi Arabia. The findings underscore a methodological evolution toward mixed methods and digital innovation, offering valuable insights for future research and pedagogical practices aimed at addressing learners' language needs in this context.