A Comprehensive Cause Analysis of Human Errors in Saudi Arabia’s Oil and Gas Industry

Abstract

The study investigates the role of human error in accidents within the oil and gas sector of Saudi Arabia, integrating both qualitative and quantitative analyses to offer a comprehensive understanding of the issue. This study first examined the nature and causes of human errors within the oil and gas industry in Saudi Arabia by semi-structured interviews with industrial professionals. Thematic analysis revealed critical themes around the assessment of current safety measures, environmental and operational challenges, contributing factors, types of errors, and strategies for improvement. The qualitative approach also highlighted how adverse weather conditions, ergonomic issues, and organizational culture contribute to operation errors. Morever, the study involves a detailed human error cause analysis using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification Systems (HFACS) model. The findings emphasized that training deficiencies, ineffective supervision, and weak safety culture significantly contribute to human error in the Saudi oil and gas industry. Additionally, a questionnaire was developed and used to survey 90 professionals, highlighting a notable correlation between error frequency and inadequate safety practices, indicating that over 70% of accidents are human-related. This quantitative analysis introduced a risk evaluation of Performance Shaping Factors (PSFs), identifying key factors such as fatigue, inadequate training, and environmental factors that influence error rates. The findings predicted that targeted interventions, including enhanced training, improved communication, and stronger safety management systems, are crucial for mitigating risks. Thus, this study is summarized by emphasizing that human error remains a significant factor in accidents and operational disruptions. This study provides valuable insights into the human error challenges within Saudi Arabia's oil and gas industry and offers actionable recommendations. The recommendations include a focus on enhanced training, strengthened leadership commitment to safety, and the integration of advanced technologies to reduce human errors and improve safety outcomes.