Governance, Policy, Ethics, Law, and Risk Management in IT and Cybersecurity

Abstract

This paper delves into the diverse and evolving fields of IT and cybersecurity governance, ethics, and law, focusing on their essential role in managing digital risks and promoting the responsible use of technology. It discusses major frameworks such as COBIT 2019 and ITIL 4, which help align IT operations with business objectives and strengthen organizational performance. The study further explores approaches to ethical hacking, incident handling, and responding to data breaches, emphasizing the importance of preparedness and accountability.

In addition, it examines pressing ethical issues related to artificial intelligence, open-source development, and telemedicine, as well as challenges surrounding cyber risk management, insurance, and data privacy in remote work environments. By connecting these aspects, the paper underscores how strong ethical governance and compliance systems build trust, ensure accountability, and enhance resilience within organizations. In conclusion, it argues that achieving sustainable digital transformation requires a thoughtful balance between technological advancement, legal adherence, and moral responsibility.