Assessing the relationship between quality of life and gender among respondents of depression and cardiovascular disease by using (CDC HRQOL– 4) model

Abstract

Background: Cross sectional studies have shown that the gender gap in depression and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in adults could be explained by (a) higher levels of negative cognitive and lifestyle habits in females than in males starting at a young age; (b) higher levels of depression in females than in males starting at a young age; or (c) both leads to lower quality of life. We aimed to investigate the associations of quality of life and gender among the people who reported having depression and CVDs. Methods: We estimated the gender prevalence of depression and CVDs among a total of 168,560 subjects (70,000 male, 98,560 Female) over 18 years of age who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) between 2015 and 2020. The investigation of this metric will include four health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption) and six health factors adjusted for demographics (age group, income, education, race/ethnicity, and marital status) to examine the mechanisms by which depression and CVDs may lead to a decline in the quality of life among people of each gender. All participants are adults between 18 and 65 or older and reported having depression and CVDs. Results: The analysis result shows that there were 33.9% males with depressive disorder while there are 61.1% females with depressive disorder. Females with depressive disorder experienced more physical and mental issues compared to males. On the other hand, there were 59% males with CVD while there are 41% females with CVD. Males with CVD experienced more physical and mental issues compared to females. Conclusions: Our findings from the cross-sectional approach provided suggestive evidence that the level of depression predicted the subsequent level of health-related quality of life, and this linked could be attributed to the compounding impact linked with the severity of depression and CVDs. However, because both were studied at the same time, the temporal connection between depression and CVDs could not be identified. Translational perspective: The findings would allow clinicians and public health practitioners to provide a glance at existing issues. Further intervention and longitudinal studies need to be integrated through the utilization of randomized clinical trials to examine the experience associated with utilizing depression management techniques on CVD patients in the long term and its impact on quality of life and CVD symptoms.