An Investigation of Pediatric Primary Caregivers’ Readiness for Hospital Discharge Using a Mixed-Methods Approach

Abstract

English Abstract

Background: Discharge readiness among pediatric primary caregivers is essential for ensuring safe transitions from hospital to home. In Saudi Arabia, limited research exists on caregivers' preparedness and the quality of discharge teaching provided, particularly within non-critical medical-surgical units. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the readiness of pediatric primary caregivers for hospital discharge and evaluate the quality of discharge teaching provided by nursing staff. Objectives included measuring discharge readiness levels, examining the influence of caregiver demographics, and exploring caregiver perspectives. Method: A mixed-methods embedded design was used. The quantitative phase included 258 caregivers from non-critical pediatric medical-surgical units in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using the Quality of Discharge Teaching Scale (QDTS) and the Pediatric Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (Ped-RHDS), with bivariate analysis and multiple linear regression applied. The qualitative phase involved semi-structured interviews with six caregivers, analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: The mean discharge readiness score (Ped-RHDS) was 7.94 (SD = 1.59), and the mean quality of discharge teaching score (QDTS) was 7.74 (SD = 2.03). Multiple regression analysis revealed that caregiver age (β = 0.159, p = .008), educational level (β = 0.139, p = .011), and quality of discharge teaching (β = 0.537, p < .001) were significant predictors of discharge readiness. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: barriers to readiness, facilitators of readiness, caregiving challenges post-discharge, and perceived contributors to readmission.

Conclusion: Improving the quality of discharge teaching is essential for enhancing caregiver readiness and reducing pediatric readmissions. Structured, compassionate communication and addressing both practical and emotional needs can foster better caregiver confidence and child outcomes. Future studies should focus on developing standardized discharge protocols that integrate comprehensive education and ongoing support tailored to the diverse needs of pediatric caregivers.