Trihalomethanes (THMs) formation in a distillation process.
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Saudi Digital Library
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the fate of Trihalomethanes (THms) formation in the distillation process. The effect of humic substances concentration levels; pre and post chlorine dosages; aeration; time of contact; and temperature were evaluated. Humic substances used in this study were extracted from the Gulf water using Amberlite XAD-2 resin.
Empirical formulas were developed based upon the experimental data. The following general empirical equation was found to fit the reaction rates:
Log (THN) = A * Log (C1 ) + B * Log (TOC) + C
Where THM is the total Trihalomethanes in g/I ; a, B and C are the estimated constants. The result of this study shows that for a given humic substances concentration in the seawater, Trihalomethanes formation increases as chlorine dosage, contact time, and temperature increases. The pre-chlorination and aeration steps causes a reduction in the Trihalomethanes level. In all cases studied, bromoform (CHBr) was the major component of the total Trihalomethanes formed, followed by CHC1Br, CHC1 Br, and CHC1 in sequence.