Color stability of CAD CAM fabricated complete denture after artificial aging-In Vitro Comparison Study

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study to assess the color stability of CAD-CAM fabricated complete dentures in comparison with conventional complete denture. Material and methods: Forty-five specimens were fabricated using three manufacturing methods, each 15, including injection mold, one-piece subtractive, two-piece additive, and subtractive techniques. Specimens were polished following a polishing protocol. Specimens were then randomly divided into three subgroups, each 5. Each subgroup was immersed in distilled water, coffee, and red wine for seven days in an incubator at 37°C. VITA Easyshade and ImageJ software assessed tooth shade and l*a* b of denture base materials before and after immersing in the medium. Then, all specimens were cleaned using a denture cleanser for a time equal to 7 days of cleaning. Finally, the staining cycle was repeated. Two-way ANOVA was used to assess the color difference. This was followed by Tukey multiple comparisons post-hoc tests. All statistical analyses were performed at a significance level of 0.05. The prevalence of change in denture tooth shade was reported descriptively. Results showed that coffee led to more significant discoloration than red wine. Milled specimens displayed better color stability, especially against red wine, compared to conventional ones. Despite initial discoloration, a manufacturer-recommended cleaning protocol effectively restored the original shades. Repeated staining mirrored initial results, with milled types showing enhanced resistance. This underscores the significance of material choice and cleaning protocols in preserving denture aesthetics. In conclusion, this study assessed color changes(ΔE2000) in denture teeth and bases before and after coffee and red wine exposure, followed by cleaning and re-staining. All denture teeth immersed in coffee and red wine showed an increase in ΔE2000 values. Medium has an effect on the color change of denture base material and denture teeth; however, various materials have different impact on the color stability.