SACM - Ireland
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9656
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Item Restricted Johne’s disease in farmed sika deer (Cervus nippon) in Ireland(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alotaibi, Nasser Mathkar; Hanne, JahnsAlthough Johne’s disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), has been described in several deer species, this thesis provides the first comprehensive characterisation of MAP infection in farmed sika (Cervus nippon) worldwide. The aim of this study was to characterise MAP infection in farmed sika deer at different stages of infection using histopathology, liquid culture and whole genome sequencing (WGS). Rapid commercially available diagnostic tests such as IS900 qPCR, and ELISA assays were evaluated for their use in diagnosing JD in this species for the first time. Tissue, faecal and / or serum samples were collected from 119 farmed sika deer at various stages of disease in an MAP affected herd. The VetMAX MAP 2.0 IS900 qPCR assay, correlated well with results from liquid culture and is an effective method for detecting MAP faecal shedding in sika deer. Whole genome sequencing of four isolates collected from different years, and disease stages showed that all belonged to the Cattle-type strain and were genetically identical, suggesting the presence of a highly clonal strain within the herd. One third of subclinically infected sika deer had no microscopic lesions in the ileocaecal lymph node or ileum, while the remainder showed mild to moderate focal granulomatous lesions with few or no detectable acid-fast bacilli. In contrast, the clinical cases were dominated by diffuse granulomatous lesions, high lesion severity scores, and abundant acid-fast bacilli in both tissues. Of the two commercial ELISA assays (ID.VET and IDEXX), and the Paralisa™, all three assays showed excellent specificity (100%), but Paralisa™ (48%) and ID.VET (43%) were considerably more sensitive than IDEXX (4%). An eight year-monitoring study of a small sika deer herd found no detectable spread of infection from an intermittently moderately-shedding stag. Overall, this thesis provides important insight into the progression, diagnostics, and transmission of JD in sika deer, that with inform the future detection, monitoring and management of this disease in this species.9 0Item Restricted Assessment of measuring and monitoring safety in healthcare in Ireland and Saudi Arabia(University of Galway, 2023-08-16) Kaud, Yazeed; O'Connor, Paul; Lydon, SinéadIn the past two decades, governments worldwide have prioritised the improvement of health care quality and safety as a primary policy goal. However, progress towards achieving this goal has been limited. The provision of poor care and the prevalence of high levels of harm persist in hospitals. Measurement is considered a crucial and essential initial step in the process of improving patient safety. However, while measuring and monitoring patient safety is widely recognised, there is a lack of agreement on how to achieve it. In this thesis, a multi-method approach was taken to address the dimensions in the Measuring and Monitoring Safety (MMS) framework developed by Vincent et al. to provide a structure for understanding how safety is measured and monitored in hospitals in Ireland and Saudi Arabia. Study 1 is a scoping review of patient safety research carried out in the Republic of Ireland (RoI). It examines the extent, range, and nature of patient safety research activities carried out in the RoI; makes recommendations for future research; and considers how these recommendations align with the Health Service Executive’s (HSE) patient safety strategy. Study 2 considers how safety is measured and monitored in Irish hospitals and offers recommendations for how it can be improved. Study 3 is a scoping review that maps the quantity and nature of current patient safety research in Saudi Arabian hospitals, as well as identifies gaps in the existing literature. Finally, study 4 assesses the Saudi Arabian healthcare safety surveillance system in hospitals using the MMS framework. The findings from the four studies conducted in this thesis demonstrate the availability of an adequate amount of safety data, the availability of diverse methods for collecting safety data, and the expertise necessary to improve safety. The challenge is to identify the most efficient methods for generating key and high-quality data that can help multidisciplinary teams in developing effective interventions tailored to specific health contexts.29 0Item Restricted An examination of the policy and controversy in the greyhound industry in Ireland(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-25) Alsahafi, Amjaad; O'Sullivan, MaureenThis study comprehensively examines the controversial issues surrounding the greyhound racing industry in Ireland. It delves into various industry elements from economic, cultural, and ethical perspectives, drawing on various sources, including media production, financial reports, animal welfare studies, and public opinions. The research examines the industry's institutional structures, financial support mechanisms, breeding practices, animal welfare measures, doping allegations, and export policies. Additionally, it assesses the industry's transparency and accountability, particularly concerning the number of greyhounds bred annually and their fate post-retirement. A key focus of this thesis is the critical assessment of whether the greyhound racing industry should be preserved or abolished, given the complex, multifaceted issues it presents. Ultimately, this impartial exploration of the industry's contentious issues aims to provide valuable insights and informed conclusions that contribute to the ongoing discourse and could guide future policy-making and industry practices.15 0