SACM - United States of America
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9668
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Item Restricted ADVANCED OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES AND HYBRID MICROGRID DESIGN FOR SOLAR ENERGY INTEGRATION AND MPPT ENHANCEMENT USING MODIFIED FIREFLY ALGORITHM(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Abusaq, Mana; Zohdy, MohamedPresent-day, microgrid systems, particularly systems engaging photovoltaic (PV) technologies, are gaining increasing attention as they offer promising solutions for a resilient and sustainable power demand worldwide. Saudi Arabia, with its enormous solar resources, is great positioned to embrace renewable energy alternatives. However, the southern region, particularly Najran Provenience, remains unutilized despite its significant solar potential. This thesis comprehensively investigates the design and sizing of microgrids of this area following enhancing system reliability and optimizing performance using the professional capabilities for the scientific research. The first study examines a grid-connected hybrid microgrid for the Najran Secondary Industrial Institute (NSII) utilizing the Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software. The system integrates PV, battery storage system (BSS), diesel generator (DG) and grid. In this study, the system’s reliability was assessed using the Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP). The LPSP was maintained at zero, indicating no unmet load for all scenarios. The design of the grid-connected balances the technological, economic and environmental considerations, insuring the system’s resilience and cost-effectiveness. The second study shifts the focus to an off-grid system. The off-grid solar-powered microgrid interduces a novel approach for sizing the microgrid using a Modified Firefly Algorithm (MFA). This modified algorithm enhances the convergence speed and solution quality which is a significant improvement over the traditional firefly algorithm (FA). The system’s reliability was evaluated under two scenarios, with LPSP values of 0.01 and 0.1. This innovative MFA demonstrated superior performance in optimizing the sizing of the system’s components, particularly in scenarios where reliability is critical. The third study focuses on the impact of partial shading conditions (PSC) on photovoltaic systems and the effectiveness of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms. A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the performance of four MPPT techniques: Perturb and Observe (P&O), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), FA, and MFA. The results demonstrate that MFA consistently outperforms the other algorithms in tracking the maximum power point (MPP) under PSCs. Additionally, the study investigates the influence of varying load resistance on the efficiency of MPPT tracking, revealing that MFA exhibits higher adaptability and stability across different conditions. The research findings highlight the importance of employing advanced MPPT techniques to enhance PV system efficiency under challenging environmental conditions. Together, these studies enrich the deployment of renewable energy systems in Saudi Arabia’s southern regions by highlighting the potential of the advance and novel techniques in designing the methodologies of these microgrid. This research, by addressing both grid-connected and off- grid, contributes to the Saudi Arabia’s immense efforts to diversify its energy sources under Vision 2030.16 0Item Restricted Sustainable desalination strategies: Techno-economic analysis, life-cycle assessment, and optimization of renewable energy-powered plants in Saudi Arabia(Iowa State University, 2024-06-20) Al Marry, Nassar Hamad; Wright, Mark MbaAddressing global water scarcity amidst escalating energy demands and climate change challenges requires innovative approaches in seawater desalination, particularly in arid regions like Saudi Arabia. This journal article style dissertation comprises a comprehensive exploration of sustainable desalination strategies, focusing on techno-economic analysis, life-cycle assessment, and optimization of renewable energy-powered desalination plants. In this dissertation, Chapter 2 provides a thorough review of recent advancements in desalination technologies, emphasizing the urgent need for sustainable solutions. It highlights the significance of data-driven insights and compares various renewable energy sources for desalination, laying the groundwork for subsequent studies. Chapters 3 and 4 present comparative techno-economic and life-cycle assessments of stand-alone reverse osmosis (RO) desalination plants powered by integrated solar Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) and geothermal energy through Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). The analyses reveal the superior economic and environmental performance of the integrated CSP-geothermal scenario, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable solution for water scarcity challenges in Saudi Arabia. In Chapter 5, a mathematical optimization approach is employed to minimize the Levelized Cost of Water (LCOW) for the proposed desalination plant. By integrating CSP and geothermal energy, an optimal LCOW value of 0.582 $/m3 is achieved, underscoring the economic and environmental benefits of renewable energy-driven desalination in Saudi Arabia. Collectively, these studies contribute valuable insights into the optimization of renewable energy-powered desalination plants, offering a pathway towards sustainable water management in arid regions.45 0Item Restricted Physics and AI-Driven Anomaly Detection in Cyber-Physical Systems(Saudi Digital Library, 2023) Alotibi, Faris; Tipper, DavidOrganizations across various sectors are moving rapidly to digitization. Multiple applications in cyber-physical systems (CPSs) emerged from interconnectivity such as smart cities, autonomous vehicles, and smart grids, utilizing advanced capabilities of the Internet of Things (IoTs), cloud computing, and machine learning. Interconnectivity also becomes a critical component in industrial systems such as smart manufacturing, smart oil, and gas distribution grid, smart electric power grid, etc. These critical infrastructures and systems rely on industrial IoT and learning-enabled components to handle the uncertainty and variability of the environment and increase autonomy in making effective operational decisions. The prosperity and benefits of systems interconnectivity demand the fulfillment of functional requirements such as interoperability of communication and technology, efficiency and reliability, and real-time communication. Systems need to integrate with various communication technologies and standards, process and analyze shared data efficiently, ensure the integrity and accuracy of exchanged data, and execute their processes with tolerable delay. This creates new attack vectors targeting both physical and cyber components. Protection of systems interconnection and validation of communicated data against cyber and physical attacks become critical due to the consequences of disruption attacks pose to critical systems. In this dissertation, we tackle one of the prominent attacks in the CPS space, namely the false data injection attack (FDIA). FDIA is an attack executed to maliciously influence decisions, that is CPSs operational decisions such as opening a valve, changing wind turbine configurations, charging/discharging energy storage system batteries, or coordinating autonomous vehicles driving. We focus on the development of anomaly detection techniques to protect CPSs from this emerging threat. The anomaly detection mechanisms leverage both physics of CPSs and AI to improve their detection capability as well as the CPSs' ability to mitigate the impact of FDIA on their operations.52 0Item Restricted Renewable Energy and Saudi Arabia Vision 2030: A Case Study of Masdar City(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-06-16) Alzahrani, Anas Khaled; Peker, Asli; Fousek, JohnThe thesis focuses on renewable energy in Saudi Arabia in the context of Vision 2030, through the International Company for Water and Power Projects (ACWA Power) to reduce oil dependency for revenues and develop a sustainable environment. The vision has set the goal of achieving 50% electricity from renewable energy sources by 2030. The Economic and Developmental Affairs Council developed the vision on 25th April 2016 when the Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman first announced it. The vision aims to increase the Kingdom’s non-oil trade by developing the solar panel market. In chapter two, a literature analysis evaluating the views of various scholars regarding renewable energy in Saudi Arabia is provided and the research adopts the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) and Sustainability theories to focus the research on the theme of sustainability. The thesis is constructed as a policy paper and uses the case of Masdar City and the textual analysis of the King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) report to evaluate the implementation of the policies within Vision 2030 regarding renewable energy use. In chapter five, a case study and results from a public opinion survey are used to help understand how Saudi Arabia can exploit its renewable energy potential and educate the mass public to support the initiative. As the case study shows, Masdar The city provides a blueprint for a carbon-free environment that upholds all three pillars of sustainability (economic, social, and environmental).92 0