SACM - United States of America
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9668
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Item Restricted Exploring influencing factors on the adoption of nonpharmaceutical interventions during pandemics: COVID-19 as an example(University of Louisville, 2024-05) Alobaydullah, Ahmed; LaJoie, AndrewBackground: Pandemics are associated with loss of life, hospitalizations, and disruption to people’s social and economic lives. As the 2019 pandemic illustrates, COVID-19 can be prevented by pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Recommended measures such as wearing a mask, washing hands, social distancing, and self-quarantine have been proven to curb the spread of the coronavirus. Identifying the factors associated with adherence to NPIs is the first step in understanding which levers of change to pull when designing health promotion interventions such as health communication campaigns. This dissertation explores these factors and proposes a health communication framework during pandemics. Research Questions: This dissertation has three research questions: 1) What demographic, personal-cognitive, and socio-environmental factors influenced the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions during pandemics among health care university students? 2) Which psychological, cognitive, or socio-environmental factors are more predictive of adherence to COVID-19 NPIs among the Saudi population? 3) What risk communication framework best suits public health messaging and communication to promote adopting non-pharmaceutical interventions during a pandemic? Methods: In the first manuscript, a systematic review was conducted to identify demographic, personal-cognitive, and socio-environmental factors influencing the adoption of non-pharmaceutical interventions during a pandemic among health care university students. In the second manuscript, a quantitative non-experimental survey research design study was conducted, where a Social Cognitive Theory-guided survey was used to measure adherence to non-pharmaceutical interventions and explore the personal cognitive and socio-environmental influencing factors. The third manuscript uses a grounded theory technique to explore the relevant literature on NPIs communication and develops a conceptual framework to assist the health communicator during pandemics. Results: In manuscript 1, the systematic review identified 18 articles for full-text review. The results yielded 18 demographic factors associated with NPIs practice factors, of which being older, female, observing others practice NPIs, and having higher risk perception levels were influencing factors. Additionally, cues to action, source of information, anger, confusion, and positive attitude, perceived stress, susceptibility, benefits, barriers, and severity influenced NPIs adherence. In manuscript 2, NPIs were strongly correlated with normative beliefs and negatively correlated with self-efficacy. The hierarchical multiple regression model revealed that socio-environmental factors explained a significant proportion of variance in NPIs (52%). In manuscript 3, the Pandemic Behavioral Prevention Framework was developed based on components adopted from the CDC’s Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication Model, The Social Amplification of Risk Perception Framework, and The Social Cognitive Theory. Conclusion: The dissertation’s manuscripts found that demographic factors such as age and gender, personal cognitive factors such as risk perception, and socioenvironmental factors like social norms are influential when deciding to practice NPIs. These factors can be the basis of any health promotion intervention to promote NPIs in future pandemics. Also, we developed the Pandemic Behavioral Prevention Framework to utilize the currently used models of communication, risk, and behavior in shaping effective NPIs communication during pandemics.14 0Item Restricted THE SECURITY ASPECTS OF USERS’ INFORMATION SHARING ON SOCIAL MEDIA(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alharbi, Mohannad; Chen, Jiangping; Habib, Abdulrahman; Anderson, Rich; Herrington, RichardThis study aims to investigate college students’ security awareness of using social media in sharing information. The two theories that have guided this study are the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and the technology acceptance model (TAM). Data was collected from both undergraduate and graduate students from the University of North Texas (UNT) in Denton. The total responses included 380 students from different majors with 291 valid responses for data analysis; The structural equation model (SEM) Lavaan package was used to find out the best fit of the model. A diagonally weighted least squares (DWLS) was used to model the variables as ordinal in this study's analysis as ordinal data made the model fit substantially. The study found that 6 factors: attitude (AB), subjective norm (SN), perceived behavior control (PBC), perceived usefulness (PU), perceived risks (PR), and security awareness (SA) influenced behavior intention (BI). Also, I found that AB was influenced by PR and SA, as well as SN influenced by SA. Self-efficacy (SE) influenced PBC. On the other hand, the study found that controllability (C) did not influence PBC; perhaps, an individual’s skills do not interact with social media security settings. Perceived ease of use (PEOU) did not influence BI; perhaps this occurred because of an individual's inability to prevent his or her information from being disclosed in the future, even if they had taken the right precautions. This study contributed to literature on understanding the nature of information sharing among college students on social media. The results may help college security professionals to evaluate or revise the rules and policies regarding cybersecurity and privacy.28 0