SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted Theory and Modeling of Electron Transport in Molecular-Scale Condensed Matter(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alzanbaqi, Mohammed; Lambert, Colin; Ismael, AliInvestigating the electron transport characteristics of molecular junctions, which consist of one or more molecules acting as the scattering region linked to metallic electrodes, is essential for applications at the nano- and molecular scale applications. The focus of this thesis is on the mechano-electrical sensitivity of a particular type of two-terminal molecular junction formed from gold electrodes, creating gold-molecule-gold structures. The theoretical methods discussed in Chapters 2 and 3 are employed to investigate the mechano-electrical sensitivity of molecular junctions. Chapter 2 provides an introduction to density functional theory (DFT) and Chapter 3 presents an overview of transport theory, based on a Green's function formalism. Chapter 4 studies the mechano-electrical sensitivity of the alkyl thiol (𝐶𝑛𝑆) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). The studied structures are formed from 𝐶6𝑆, 𝐶8𝑆 and 𝐶10𝑆, named thiol-terminated asymmetric chains, with and without a graphene sheet connected to gold electrodes. This study reveals how the effect of a strain-induced tilt angle (𝜃) can increase the gauge factor, which is a measure of the percentage change in electrical conductance per unit strain. Chapter 5 studies the mechano-electrical sensitivity by demonstrating how the penetration (𝑃) of a probe into the SAM can increase the gauge factor. This study is carried out on the same molecules, but in the absence of a graphene sheet, because the latter would protect the SAMs from probe penetration. Lastly, Chapter 6 provides the conclusion of this thesis and suggestions for future work.10 0Item Restricted Developing a Curatorial Practice Around Scent, Power, and the Pre-Cognitive(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Aldihbashi, Sarah; Vera, MeySarah Aldihbashi is a London-based curator whose practice centres on the politics of sensory experience and invisible systems of control. Her work examines how institutions, governments, and commercial spaces use atmosphere, scent, and environment to condition behaviour and shape perception below the threshold of conscious awareness, and how curatorial practice can make those mechanisms legible. Drawing on research into olfaction, political theory, and new materialism, her practice moves between two registers: attending to the ambient systems that act on bodies without consent, and creating conditions in which those systems become suddenly, uncomfortably present to the viewer. She is interested in the full range of contexts in which this kind of invisible conditioning operates, from retail environments that deploy scent to extend dwell time and increase spending, to healthcare settings that use atmospheric management to produce compliance, to the broader political and governmental uses of sensory manipulation to shape populations. Her practice is committed to treating the viewer’s body as a political site rather than a passive recipient. The exhibitions and projects she develops are designed to create encounters in which the mechanisms of control that ordinarily remain below awareness are made physical, felt, and impossible to look away from. This is not critique at a distance but an attempt to produce the conditions for genuine reckoning with what has been done to us, and what continues to be done, without our knowledge or consent.2 0Item Restricted Strategic Integration of Cultural Events for Organizational Communication Enhancement in Saudi Corporations(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) Alanzi, Saud; Zheng, ChenThis study examines the influence of cultural events on the internal workings of Saudi Arabian companies, with a specific emphasis on improving internal communication and employee engagement. Drawing on qualitative data from semi-structured interviews with seven participants across a range of organisations, it applies Communication Accommodation Theory, Social Identity Theory, and Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions to show how events such as National Day, Ramadan, and Eid celebrations reduce formal hierarchical barriers, strengthen collective identity, and lower uncertainty within the workplace. The findings extend these frameworks into a non-Western setting and offer practical strategies for Saudi organisational leaders seeking to use cultural events to improve communication and engagement in line with local cultural norms and Saudi Vision 2030.7 0Item Restricted Size and Decomposition of the Dynamic Effects of Public Investment(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alqhtani, Sara; Cardi, Olivier; Motta, GiorgioThis thesis examines the dynamic effects of public investment and its composition on output, hours worked, and utilisation-adjusted total factor productivity. Using annual data for twelve OECD countries from 1995–2019, it employs a panel structural vector autoregression (P-SVAR), with local projections as a robustness check. Public investment is decomposed into infrastructure, human capital, and research and development, with responses examined across aggregate, sectoral, and industry levels and by measured infrastructure quality. The P-SVAR results show sustained productivity gains from public investment, while output and hours weaken at longer horizons. Infrastructure and R&D account for most of the productivity-led pattern, whereas human capital produces a more front-loaded activity response. Productivity gains are concentrated mainly in traded activity. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the composition of public investment matters and that aggregate measures can conceal substantial differences across components and sectors.15 0Item Restricted Management of Children with Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation in Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alhumaidi, Saud Fahad M; Ashley, PaulMolar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is a developmental enamel defect affecting first permanent molars and frequently permanent incisors. The condition presents significant clinical challenges due to hypersensitivity, post eruptive enamel breakdown, aesthetic concerns, and the complexity of long-term management. Despite increasing international awareness, challenges related to diagnosis, clinical confidence, management consistency, and educational preparedness continue to be reported among dental professionals. Within the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), limited evidence exists regarding how MIH is recognised, managed, and taught in both clinical practice and dental education. This thesis aimed to investigate the management of children with MIH within the Saudi dental context by examining the knowledge, confidence, attitudes, and clinical practices of general dental practitioners (GDPs) and dental students (DSs), exploring GDPs’ experiences, and evaluating the inclusion of MIH within undergraduate dental curricula. A mixed-methods approach was employed, comprising a scoping review, a national cross-sectional survey of GDPs and DSs across KSA, qualitative interviews with GDPs, and an analysis of undergraduate dental curricula compared with an international reference curriculum from the United Kingdom. The findings demonstrated generally high awareness of MIH among both GDPs and DSs; however, important gaps remained in diagnostic confidence, diagnostic accuracy, and management consistency. Qualitative findings highlighted the influence of clinical experience, variable undergraduate exposure, lack of clear clinical guidance, restorative challenges, behavioural management difficulties, and limitations within referral pathways and specialist access. Confidence in managing MIH was frequently reported to develop through clinical experience rather than undergraduate education alone. Curriculum analysis further revealed substantial variation in the extent and consistency of MIH teaching across Saudi dental schools. Overall, the findings indicate that, despite increasing recognition of MIH within KSA, important clinical, educational, and system-level challenges continue to influence the management of affected children. The study highlights the need for enhanced undergraduate education, structured continuing professional development, clearer clinical guidance, and stronger integration between primary and specialist dental services. Overall, the findings provide important insights into current MIH management, professional preparedness, and undergraduate teaching within the Saudi context.7 0Item Restricted Treatment Outcomes and Patient Experiences in Paediatric Dental Patients with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis: A Service Evaluation Using Pre- and Post-Treatment Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance (C-OIDP)(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Feteih, Monthir; Siddik, Dania; Cook, RichardIntroduction: This service evaluation was conducted at St. Thomas Hospital in London within the joint oral medicine/paediatric dentistry clinic (JOMP) for children presenting with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS). Aim: This service evaluation aims to assess treatment outcomes and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) using, for the first time in an oral medicine paediatric cohort, the Child Oral Impact on Daily Performance (COIDP) questionnaire both before and after treatment. Additionally, patient satisfaction will be measured through patient-reported experience measures (PREMs). Method: The service evaluation design follows a prospective observational study involving a sample size of 16 paediatric patients seen in the JOMP clinic. Result: The primary findings for our service evaluation indicate that most participants’ outcomes showed a significant improvement after attending the JOMP clinic, and high satisfaction with the provided service was reported. The service evaluation highlights the value of incorporating paediatric patient-reported measures to enhance quality of life and clinical service delivery. Conclusion: Future research should focus on long-term treatment outcomes for patients with RAS and the impact on their quality of life. Moreover, tailored treatment approaches for each paediatric patient should be considered. This study provides a foundation for continuous service improvements and enhanced care delivery for children with RAS.7 0Item Restricted Reproducibility and reliability of Centric relation recording methods: a literature Review(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Mortada, Hassan; Petros, MylonasCentric relation (CR) remains one of the most debated concepts in prosthodontics and restorative dentistry, yet it continues to serve as a critical reference point for diagnosis, occlusal analysis, treatment planning, and prosthesis fabrication. Its importance is greatest when maximum intercuspation cannot be accepted as a stable clinical guide, particularly in patients with occlusal instability, extensive restorative needs, tooth wear, or complete edentulism. This literature review aimed to evaluate the reliability and reproducibility of commonly used CR recording methods and to assess their clinical relevance in dentate and edentulous patients. A structured review of the literature was undertaken using a PRISMA-guided approach. Electronic searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus identified studies published between 1960 and 2025. After screening and eligibility assessment, 12 studies were included in the final qualitative synthesis. The review considered guided techniques, including bimanual manipulation and chin-point guidance; deprogramming-assisted methods, including the Lucia jig and leaf gauge; and graphic techniques, including intraoral and extraoral Gothic arch tracing. The findings showed that CR can be recorded with clinically acceptable reproducibility by several methods, but no single technique was consistently superior across all patient groups or clinical contexts. In dentate patients, guided methods, particularly when combined with anterior deprogramming, were more often associated with reproducible records. In edentulous patients, graphic tracing techniques, especially Gothic arch tracing, demonstrated greater consistency when record bases were stable. Electromyographic evidence further suggested that deprogramming devices may reduce temporalis and masseter activity during CR registration, supporting their physiologic value. However, the evidence base was limited by heterogeneous methodologies, evolving definitions of CR, small sample sizes, and variable outcome measures. Overall, the review supports a patient-specific, technique-sensitive approach in which method selection, operator skill, muscular control, and repeated verification are central to obtaining a reliable CR record.6 0Item Restricted Therapeutic modulation of metabolism to mitigate global ischaemia-reperfusion injury(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alotaibi, Khalid; Singer, MervynIschaemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major contributor to mortality and organ dysfunction after haemorrhagic shock, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction and stroke. Although restoration of perfusion is essential to salvage ischaemic tissue, reperfusion itself triggers mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, redox imbalance, inflammation and secondary cellular injury. This thesis investigated whether therapeutic modulation of metabolism and redox biology at the onset of reperfusion could attenuate global IRI in clinically relevant non-clinical models. Two distinct interventions were evaluated. The first was diethylamine tetrathiomolybdate (DEATTM), a novel, soluble thiometallate sulfide donor with improved physicochemical properties compared with the parent compound ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATTM). DEATTM suppresses mitochondrial respiration, limits mitochondrial ROS formation and scavenges ROS that escape metabolic control. The second was pF48, a recombinant haemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC) engineered to improve vascular retention, reduce nitric oxide (NO) scavenging and influence redox balance. A rat haemorrhage-reperfusion model was used as the principal platform for therapeutic testing. Global ischaemia was induced by controlled withdrawal of 40% of estimated blood volume, followed by 90 minutes of ischaemia and subsequent resuscitation with or without the treatment of interest. Physiological monitoring included invasive blood pressure, echocardiography, arterial blood gas analysis, tissue oxygen tension, urine output, organ function biomarkers, oxidative stress indices and inflammatory mediators. In vivo pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic assessment showed that DEATTM produced effects consistent with biologically relevant sulfide release and modulation of mitochondrial metabolism (e.g. hyperlactataemia and increased tissue oxygen tension). In the haemorrhage-reperfusion model, DEATTM significantly improved survival (p<0.05), preserved renal and hepatic function, and reduced oxidative injury and pro-inflammatory responses. These findings support a protective effect mediated by early suppression of mitochondrial oxidative injury, combined with direct ROS scavenging. The second therapeutic strategy, pF48, was evaluated in the same haemorrhage–reperfusion model. pF48 rapidly improved blood pressure recovery, increased tissue oxygen tension, enhanced diuresis, preserved organ function, maintained tissue glutathione levels and reduced lipid peroxidation in surviving animals. However, pF48 also increased methaemoglobin and nitrate/nitrite levels and was associated with complement activation, indicating that potential immunological and redox-related liabilities require further investigation. Overall, this thesis identifies early reperfusion as a critical therapeutic window in global IRI and demonstrates that interventions targeting metabolism, oxidative injury and oxygen handling can modify short-term outcome. DEATTM and pF48 provide complementary proof-of-concept strategies that justify further mechanistic, comparative and translational evaluation in longer-term and larger-animal models.4 0Item Restricted The Effectiveness of Standardised Patient Simulation on Learning Outcomes Among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Systematised Review(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alamri, Reem; Mcfeely, ClareBackground: Standardised patient (SP) simulation uses trained individuals, including actors, faculty members, or students, to represent patients or family in realistic clinical scenarios, enhancing simulation realism. SP simulation can be used alone or combined with other simulation methods in a hybrid approach. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of standardised patient simulation compared with other simulation modalities in improving learning outcomes among undergraduate nursing students. Methods: A systematised review followed PRISMA guidance, with the review question formulated using the PICO framework. Electronic searches of CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science Core Collection were conducted, limited to studies published within the last ten years. Experimental studies comparing SP simulation with other simulation modalities were included. Studies were screened for eligibility and appraised using the Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool and the modified Downs and Black checklist. Findings were synthesised using a narrative synthesis approach. Results: 465 records were identified; 10 studies met the inclusion criteria with excellent-to-fair quality. Findings were grouped by intervention type. Standardised patient simulation, whether delivered as a standalone or hybrid intervention, was associated with greater improvement in communication skills and student satisfaction than other simulation modalities. However, hybrid SP simulation was associated with greater improvements in knowledge and self-confidence, whereas evidence regarding technical skills remained inconclusive across both standalone and hybrid SP simulation. Conclusion: Overall, SP simulation enhanced communication skills and learning satisfaction. Hybrid SP simulation was associated with greater improvements in knowledge and self-confidence. Evidence for technical skills remained inconclusive, highlighting the need for further research.5 0Item Restricted TinyEchoMemories(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Binqurmulah, Hazzaa; Angie, WorwoodOverall, the project concludes that TinyEcho Memories is commercially viable as a controlled, trust\-led venture, provided that product safety, privacy, cybersecurity and customer validation5 0