SACM - United Kingdom
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Item Restricted Financial Inclusion, Bank Performance and Stability: A Comparative Analysis(Coventry University, 2023-12-10) Algarni, Kholoud; Elmasry, AhmedThis research attempts to study the impact of financial inclusion on banking stability and performance for many developing countries in MENA over a period that includes the global financial crisis. Financial inclusion has become one of the most active tools in achieving financial development and economic growth by having advanced level of access to financial services. The methodology adopted for this research study is the model of multidimensional index of financial inclusion to measure the inclusiveness of each type of bank, the determinants of financial inclusion, and the impact of the inclusion on bank performance and stability in MENA. By using 7,605 observations. The financial crisis 2008 and Arab spring are considered in our period calculations and analysis. The default risk Z-score, and credit risk can be measured as the bank’s probability of insolvency. The results of this research have shown that the countries index values tend to slightly higher in GCC rates than in MENA indices. Moreover, the findings show that high financial inclusion significantly appear with high- and middle-income countries. Besides, the finding illustrates that Age, Labour, high income, and high education have a significant relationship with financial inclusion, and awareness and favour access to financial services in MENA, MENA excluding GCC, and GCC. However, gender has no significant association with financial inclusion, and the religion has a negative association with most financial inclusion indices. However, the determinant of Infrastructure has a significant factor that play a crucial role in achieving financial inclusion. Additional to the higher level of financial inclusion leads to greater bank performance and stability. By taking in the account the financial crisis and Arab spring, we find the more significance post those events and not during them. These impacts are found when banks have higher market power and operate in countries with stronger WGI and institutional quality. Our consequences highlight that the financial services provide and policy makers, need to focus on some psychological elements that support financial confidence building, for example financial education for the adults, that can be applied in the education stage. Additionally, the significance of the inclusive financial system as a development goal and a crucial issue that should be prioritised by the financial institutions as such a policy drive is moral for banks in terms of their performance and stability. This thesis aims to construct financial inclusion index to illustrate better measures of financial inclusion and measuring the determinants of financial Inclusion. As well as the relationship between financial Inclusion and bank performance and stability. By constructing two Indices financial Inclusion Index (FII) and Fintech Inclusion Index (FintechII) with different dimensions with their indicators.3 0