SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted The Accuracy of Foot Temperature Measurement by Thermal Imaging and Infrared Thermometers at Varying Distances: A Quantitative Study(University of Brighton, 2024-05-31) Jamal, Raneam; Almutairi, Fahad; Fross, RachelBackground: Thermal imaging is a new technique used in podiatry to detect foot conditions such as inflammation, vascular disorders, and infections. Accurate foot temperature measurements are essential for early detection and management of diabetic foot ulcerations. However, there is a lack of existing research on the effect of distance variation on the accuracy of the measurements. To address this gap, this study reports whether thermal imaging techniques offer similar accuracy to traditional methods when measuring foot temperature at varying distances. Methods: A quantitative study uses a repeated measures design to investigate the accuracy of foot temperature measurement using a Hik Thermal Camera (HTC) and a Non-Contact infrared thermometer (NCIT) at varying distances. The experiment involved measuring known water bath temperature and foot temperature. After 15 minutes of barefoot rest, data were collected from Twelve participants using both devices. One-way ANOVA and paired T-test were conducted to examine if distance variation impacted the accuracy of the measurements. Bland-Altman plots were performed to compare the two devices. Results: The analysis showed no significant differences in foot temperature across three locations using the NCIT where the p-value =0.449 and the HTC p-value= 0.343. A paired t-test within the control group indicated that the most accurate water temperature measurements were obtained at 2.5 cm for NCIT (p-value=0.069). In addition, there were no significant differences among data obtained using HTC (p-value higher than 0.05). The Bland-Altman findings revealed strong agreement between the devices. Conclusions: The study's result indicates no significant differences in foot temperature measurements obtained using both devices across different distances. Hik Thermal Camera (HTC) measurements showed a good agreement with data obtained from a non-contact infrared thermometer (NCIT). These findings suggest that podiatrists can use either device for accurate foot temperature measurements. Keywords: Thermal imaging, infrared thermometer, podiatry, diabetic foot ulcer, foot temperature, prevention23 0Item Restricted Comparing the accuracy of thermal imaging and infrared thermometers for foot temperature measurement at varying distances: a repeated measurement study.(University of Brighton, 2024) Almutairi, Fahad; Jamal, Raneam; Forss, RachelBackground The use of thermal imaging in podiatry for the early detection of conditions like diabetic foot ulcers is increasing. It is a non-invasive technology critical to identifying the inflammation that can indicate potential ulcers. Methods A quantitative cohort study with repeated measurements was carried out on twelve participants to assess the relative accuracy at varying distances of two technologies: HIKMICRO thermal cameras (HTC) and non-contact infrared thermometers (NCIT). Both devices were used to take measurements at specific distances, and the data were analysed for repeated iterations to increase validity. Results The study found that there were no significant differences, for either device, in the temperature readings at any of the distances tested, which demonstrates consistent performance. Based on these results, both HTC and NCIT devices can be recommended for routine podiatric clinical assessments. Conclusion Both HTC and NCIT give reliable measurements of foot temperature, which means that they are appropriate for managing and early diagnosing foot conditions in podiatric settings. However, further research is needed to refine this study's findings and develop standard protocols appropriate to their clinical use.21 0