SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted Digital Transformative Project for MakeUpLabs.co.uk: Enhancing Online Presence Through SEO, Content Marketing, and Affiliate Strategy(Saudi Digital Library, 2024-08-15) Zarnoog, Ghada; Nayer, DaudThis Digital Transformative Project focuses on repositioning MakeUpLabs.co.uk as a high-impact affiliate marketing platform for eco-conscious beauty products. The project applies the SOSTAC planning framework, incorporates SEO, social media marketing, content strategy, and affiliate tools to optimize traffic, user engagement, and conversion. Evaluation and performance metrics are measured through Google Analytics and SEMrush, providing clear data-driven recommendations for sustainable growth.5 0Item Restricted Digital Transformative Project for MakeUpLabs.co.uk: Enhancing Online Presence Through SEO, Content Marketing, and Affiliate Strategy(Saudi Digital Library, 2024-08-15) Zarnoog, Ghada; Nayer, DaudThis Digital Transformative Project focuses on repositioning MakeUpLabs.co.uk as a high-impact affiliate marketing platform for eco-conscious beauty products. The project applies the SOSTAC planning framework, incorporates SEO, social media marketing, content strategy, and affiliate tools to optimize traffic, user engagement, and conversion. Evaluation and performance metrics are measured through Google Analytics and SEMrush, providing clear data-driven recommendations for sustainable growth.2 0Item Restricted Cancer target discovery for biomarker development, imaging and radionuclide loaded nanoparticle therapy(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-04) Shabbir, Rekaya; Choudhury, Ananya; West, Catharine; Smith, TimBackground and aims: Patients with hypoxic muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) have a poor prognosis and overall survival (OS) rate. There is a need to develop biomarkers for informing on hypoxia-targeting therapy. Gene expression signatures can predict benefit from hypoxia modification to improve outcome. Imaging genomics links medical images with molecular profiling to discover imaging biomarkers that could reflect hypoxia. Molecular radiotherapy (MRT) targets specific receptors expressed by cells. The overexpression of EGFR also associates with poor survival rates, EGFR inhibitors are promising but tumour heterogeneity is problematic. The thesis aims were to: 1) identify genes upregulated by hypoxia in bladder cancer cells; 2) investigate whether the West 24-gene bladder hypoxia signature is sensitive to changes in oxygen levels; 3) use MRI to identify hypoxia in large and small tumours in vivo; 4) identify new hypoxia-associated gene panels from transcriptomic data generated in vitro and in vivo; 5) identify bladder cancer hypoxic biomarkers and surface membrane targets for MRT using proteomics in MIBC; and 6) study the uptake and dose-distributions of EGFR-targeted 177Lu or 90Y radiolabelled-AuNPs. Methods: 1) Six BC cell lines (HT1376, T24, J82, UMUC3, RT4, RT112) were exposed to normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (1%, 0.1% and 0.2% O2) for 24h. RNA was extracted, transcriptomic data generated using Clariom S Microarrays and expression of hypoxia upregulated genes identified. 2) The data were used to explore changes in West 24-gene signature scores. 3) Small (300mm3) and large (700mm3) xenografts were established for HT1376 MIBC cells. Hypoxia was identified using pimonidazole (PIMO), OE-MRI and DCE-MRI. Differential gene expression was determined. 4) Gene panels were derived from in vitro and in vivo transcriptomic data and tested (log-rank Mantel Cox test) in a TCGA bladder cancer cohort (n=412). Hypoxia scores were generated using the median expression of the genes in a signature/panel. 5) HT1376, T24 and J82 cells were cultured in normoxia (21% O2) and hypoxia (1% and 0.1% O2) for 24h and 48h. Proteins were extracted and analysed using LC-MS and SWATH-MS, and the data used to identify surface membrane targets. Differential expression of EGFR and hypoxia markers (CAIX, GLUT-1) was measured using transcriptomics, proteomics, western blot and EGFR-ELISA. 6) Anti-EGFR conjugated radiolabelled (177Lu or 90Y) AuNPs were used to study dose distributions in vivo. Results: 1) 77 genes were significantly upregulated (padj≤ 0.001) in hypoxia (0.1% O2) across ≥3 cell lines. Three genes (DPYSL2, SYDE1, SLC2A3) were in both the West 24-gene signature and new 77-gene panel. 2) The expression of the 24-gene West signature increased with decreasing O2 levels. 3) Hypoxic regions were identified in small and large xenografted tumours using a combination of OE-MRI and DCE-MRI approaches. The in vivo transcriptomics analysis identified gene expression differences between PIMO-high(hypoxic) and PIMO-low(normoxic) regions and differences in HSs generated from the 24-gene signature (p<0.0052) and the new 77-gene panel (p<0.0025). 4) Gene signatures/panels were prognostic for overall survival: 24-gene (p<0.000064), 77-gene (p<0.01), 3 common genes (p<0.0013). 5) 26 proteins had consistently higher expression in hypoxia across all three cell lines. A gene panel based on the 26 proteins was prognostic in the TCGA cohort (p<0.00065). Eleven plasma membrane proteins were identified as upregulated under hypoxia. No significant differential expression of EGFR was seen in BC cells by hypoxia. The expression of hypoxia markers (CAIX and GLUT-1) was significantly increased by hypoxia using different measurement approaches in all bladder cells. 6) The coefficient of variation of EGFR-targeted 90Y-radiolabelled-AuNPs was less than EGFR-targeted 177Lu-radiolabelled-AuNPs in xenografted tumours. Conclusions: 1) Hypoxia influences the expression of many common genes across different bladder cancer cell lines. 2) The West 24-gene bladder hypoxia score is sensitive to changes in O2 levels in vitro showing it reflects differences in hypoxia. 3) Gene panels derived from hypoxic cells in vitro inform on hypoxia and prognosis 4) The West 24-gene signature performed best as a biomarker of hypoxia. 5) Proteomic profiling identified cell membrane markers to study for MRT. 6) Anti-EGFR radionuclides labelled AuNPs provided insight about the heterogeneity and dosimetry of MRT.5 0Item Restricted The Effectiveness of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Programmes in Attaining Sustainable Development Unilever’s Documented CSR Initiatives vs. Reality(Saudi Digital Library, 2024) Alrasheed, Abdulaziz; Iveson, KieronThis study aimed to evaluate whether organisational CSR practices have a positive impact on the achievement of sustainable development goals and establish whether companies’ documented CSR achievements tally with reality through a case study analysis of Unilever Company. The was based on qualitative secondary data collected from Unilever’s CSR and sustainability reports, academic literature, third-party evaluations and assessments reports, and media publications. The data collected was analysed thematically to identify patterns and themes. The study found that CSR initiatives conform with SDGs in intent; however, there effects and execution are not uniform across regions. CSR initiatives have made significant strides in attaining sustainable development, but their successes are limited by a lack of uniform implementation and the consequent weak and inconsistent disclosure of actual sustainability outcomes. The study also noted discrepancies between the CSR accomplishments documented by companies and the real outcomes on the ground particularly in the developing nations where there is comparatively low regulatory oversight. It was concluded that although CSR initiatives help in attaining sustainable development, there is a need a fair, realistic and useful policies to tackle the expectations of the stakeholders globally.18 0Item Restricted Tenofovir Disoproxil to Tenofovir Alafenamide Switching Impact, Real-life Experience(University College London, 2024) Alabdulaal, Zahra; Awosusi, Funmi; Wei, LiAbstract Background: The NHS policy limits Tenofovir Alafenamide (TAF) to renally or bone damaged patients due to its favourable effects on bone and kidneys compared to Tenofovir Disoproxil (TDF). This study aimed to assess healthcare providers' adherence (HCPs) to the NHS policy and the impact of switching to TAF on various health indicators, including viral load, renal functions, weight, and lipid profile. Methods: This retrospective study included HIV patients aged ≥ 18 years who were on TAF (Descovy) between January and December 2022 and switched from TDF to TAF. HCP adherence was assessed by reviewing hospital documentation. The health indicators were the biochemistry tests obtained from hospital laboratory results. ANOVA and Non-parametric tests were used to compare the results at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Results: The study included 79 patients. The HCP's adherence to the NHS policy was 62% (49/79). 12-month post-switch TAF impact was only significant for five variables. The mean serum creatinine (sCr) decreased from 101 to 93 μmol/L. The mean rank eGFR decreased from 2.38 to 1.81 in patients with stage G3a baseline. The mean rank urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) decreased from 2.25 to 1.84. The median weight increased from 78 to 79 kg. The mean total cholesterol (TC) increased from 4.75 to 5.22 mmol/L. Conclusion: The HCPs' low adherence rate highlights the need to increase their awareness of the NHS policy. TAF improves renal function by improving patients’ sCr, UACR, and eGFR stage G3a. However, it increases weight and TC.15 0Item Restricted The requirements of digital product passport (DPP) for the defence sector(Cranfield university, 2024) Alnijaidi, abdullah; Matopoulos, ArisThe adoption of Digital Product Passports (DPPs) is emerging as a strategic solution to enhance supply chain transparency, regulatory compliance, and sustainability within the defence sector. This thesis explores the potential of DPPs to address key challenges, including complex global supply chains, stringent regulatory demands, and the growing pressure for environmental accountability. Through a mixed-methods approach involving literature review, stakeholder interviews, and surveys, this study identifies the specific requirements, benefits, and challenges of implementing DPPs in the defence industry. Key findings demonstrate that DPPs offer significant advantages, including improved traceability, predictive maintenance, cost savings, and support for circular economy goals. By providing detailed, secure product data across a component’s lifecycle, DPPs enhance both operational efficiency and compliance with defence regulations. The thesis also highlights the role of enabling technologies such as blockchain, Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI) in driving DPP adoption. However, high initial costs, cybersecurity concerns, and integration challenges remain barriers to implementation. Despite these challenges, DPPs can provide defence companies with a competitive edge by improving trust with government clients, mitigating supply chain risks, and fostering long-term sustainability. In conclusion, the research positions DPPs as a vital tool for the defence sector’s future, enabling organizations to meet evolving geopolitical, technological, and environmental demand3 0Item Restricted Hospital's Agility and Lean in International Supply Chain Management during COVID-19(University of Exeter, 2024) Albadawi, Abdulrahman Ismail; Sam, Abraham JohnThis hypothesis stems from the assumption that even though KFSHRC had efficient strategies in place, the highly unforeseen nature of the pandemic illustrated the strategies that still needed to be improved. To do this, the study seeks to reject the following hypothesis: this research will analyze the employees' experiences and compare the efficiency of the approaches used in the hospital. The research aims to fill these gaps and limitations to evaluate KFSHRC precisely during the crisis response and recommend future improvements.6 0Item Restricted SMARTPHONE GNSS LOCALIZATION BY DDP AND PPP TECHNIQUES(University of Nottingham, 2020) Alluhaybi, Abdulaziz; Bingley, Richard; Moore, TerryThis dissertation illustrates the performance of a dual-frequency GNSS chip smartphone in GNSS localization in motion. The GNSS localization was performed using the DDP and PPP methods. The smartphone was in motion on a railway and observed the satellites' data for approximately 90 minutes. The smartphone dual-frequency data was processed as single frequency and code measurements due to the limitations of the GNSS processing software and the smartphone antenna. The accuracy of the smartphone DDP and PPP results were at meter level and very similar to each other, such that the difference did not exceed 1 m in all comparison aspects. In contrast, the difference was vast between the smartphone PPP and a geodetic receiver PPP that was running synchronized with the smartphone on the railway; the geodetic receiver PPP provided an accuracy of centimetre which could be possible from the smartphone in the future, but clearly is not yet possible.9 0Item Restricted Impact of lifestyle modification on blood pressure in hypertensive patients and their impact on pharmacological treatment choices(university of Glasgow, 2024-08) Alasiri, Mazen Khalid; Venson, RafaelHypertension is one of the greatest global health issues, necessitating lifelong treatment. Lifestyle changes can be made for patients on drugs. Nevertheless, it is not yet clear how these changes impact blood pressure control and medication use in hypertensive patients. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize the available evidence on how different lifestyle modifications affect blood pressure (BP) among hypertensive individuals and their impact on anti-hypertensive prescription. 52 studies were selected through a comprehensive database search to perform this narrative review, including randomized controlled trials and observational studies carried out in that area. This variety involved dietary changes like the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and reduced sodium intake; physical activity; weight reduction; and minimizing alcohol consumption, among others. From the summary of evidence, it is evident that a DASH diet, low-sodium diets, as well as regular aerobic exercise routines, when combined with weight loss, were able to decrease systolic blood pressures by between 5 and 10 mm Hg on average. It also appeared that combining several lifestyle improvements had cumulative effects concerning BP reduction. There was far less evidence supporting the advantages of either drinking less or managing stress. Most importantly, these lifestyles have been effective at reducing the need for anti-hypertensive medications, sometimes resulting in blood pressure being managed without any medications. However, maintaining such revised ways of living is generally very poor, which shows how important motivation with ongoing support has been in helping them persist over time. This review concludes by highlighting that there are significant clinical reductions in blood pressure brought about by lifestyle modifications, which could lead to decreased use of anti-hypertensive drugs. Multiple lifestyle modifications seem to be the most impact approach8 0Item Restricted A website Based on Artifcial Intellgence to Assist Visually Impaierd Individuals(Swansea University, 2024-12) Alawfi, Badr Swaied; Safari, SolmazA website Based on Artifcial Intellgence to Assist Visually Impaierd Individuals28 0