SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted CREATIVE AGENCY ALONGSIDE PERFORMATIVE MACHINES(Saudi Digital Library., 2025) Alkaydi, Wael Abdullah; Sikhwal, RaviThe emotional depth of an artwork is intrinsically linked to the artist’s personal context and journey. However, when generative AI creates art, there’s a prevalent feeling that it can lack this essential human synthesis, resulting in works that may be difficult to resonate with (Grassini & Koivisto, 2024). Risking transitioning towards a language that is difficult for us to relate to meaningfully. The challenge is to develop frameworks that preserve human experience in AI-assisted creative processes, effectively bridging the gap between technological innovation and the emotive power of human articulation (Gutiérrez, 2024). Achieving a delicate balance between balancing responsibility with power (Harris , 2025). As technology has always been interlinked with the evolution of art, this is critical in ensuring that as AI contributes to creative fields, the work retains the depth and authenticity which makes it credible.3 0Item Restricted Supply Chain Relationships in Oil Shipping from the Middle East under Geopolitical Risks(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alanazi, Abdulrahman; Jones, BarryThis paper discusses how geopolitical risk transforms supply chain relationships within Middle Eastern oil-shipping networks; it is through the way of governance structures, coordination mechanisms and resilience in the face of chronic instability. The study reviews the secondary empirical data, industry reports, and scholarly literature, to examine the ways in which companies cope with the uncertainty within the interconnected oil and maritime freight markets using a qualitative, case-informed approach. The evaluation is based on the theory of supply chain relationship and risk governance, which enables a cohesive evaluation of the relationship coordination, the contractual system, and the adjustment of operations. The results demonstrate that geopolitical risk is more of a structural condition than a perturbation, and it increases the interdependence of supply chain actors. Long term relationships, flexible contracting and information exchange mechanisms are proven to increase adaptive capacity, whereas pure transactional arrangements are more susceptible to inflated costs, delays and transmission of volatility. The paper also finds asymmetric adjustment processes, i.e., risk premiums, insurance limits, and rerouting choices that remain even when geopolitical tensions pressure is reduced. Although the use of secondary data restricts the aspect of generalisability, the results offer a strong conceptual basis for the upcoming empirical studies to be conducted on the primary data and comparative analysis of the regions. In practice, the findings indicate that oil-shipping companies and logistics stakeholders are advised to focus on strategic cooperation, diversified routing policy, as well as combined risk planning to maintain the continuity of operation. On a social dimension, enhanced resilience in oil shipping supply lines offers energy security in the world, market stability and the economy at large. The article presents a new value, as it puts geopolitical risk into a relational supply chain perspective, which can be applicable to researchers and professionals working in the industry.11 0Item Restricted Professionalism as effortful practice: a case study of Saudi Arabian and United Kingdom medical Schools' teaching of professionalism(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) ALHAMRANI, ASMA; GODDARD-FULLER, TAZProfessionalism as effortful practice: a case study of Saudi Arabian and United Kingdom medical Schools' teaching of professionalism Asma Yehya Alhamrani Medical professionalism is widely recognised as a core competency in undergraduate medical education. However, its conceptualisation, delivery, and assessment remain complex. In Saudi Arabia, although the SaudiMEDS framework mandates the inclusion of professionalism in medical curricula, there is a considerable variability in how it is interpreted and implemented across medical schools, with limited guidance on consistent effective educational strategies. This study explored how medical professionalism is understood, taught, and learned in Saudi undergraduate medical education in comparison to practices at the University of Liverpool in the United Kingdom. A qualitative interpretive approach was used, and data were collected through semi-structured interviews with tutors and students in both contexts. Thematic analysis was used to identify key patterns and differences in how professionalism is perceived and learned in both settings. This analysis revealed that professionalism is not a static or innate quality but rather an evolving and effortful practice shaped by personal, sociocultural and pedagogical factors. In the Saudi context, participants highlighted the value of experiential learning, role modelling and reflection in professionalism development. Challenges were identified, including the ambiguous definitions, the influence of the hidden curriculum, and the difficulties in assessing professionalism fairly. In the University of Liverpool, participants viewed professionalism as a dynamic concept that requires active learning and longitudinal assessment strategies to help students develop their professionalism with a focus on equality, diversity, inclusion and well-being. The study concludes that to enhance professionalism education in Saudi Arabia, there is a need to adopt educational strategies that recognise professionalism as an effortful practice that requires reflection and ongoing development. These findings offer valuable implications for curriculum development, faculty training, and assessment practices in both local and global contexts.5 0Item Restricted Towards Educational Equity: Examining the Effect of Foreign Aid on Education Outcomes and Mobility in Sub-Saharan African Countries(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Aleissa, Tala; Harris, AdamThis study employs fixed-effects panel data analysis to examine the impact of foreign aid on education outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa from 1990 to 2011. The analysis explores foreign aid’s influence on primary school enrolment and completion rates, considering economic, political, and social variables. The results reveal a positive and statistically significant relationship between foreign aid and education outcomes, with primary school enrolment (coefficient: 0.820, p < 0.01) and completion rates (coefficient: 0.786, p < 0.01) improving significantly. However, aid dependency, weak governance, and inequities in rural and gender-based education access remain barriers. Comparisons with existing literature highlight foreign aid's role in improving access, quality, and gender parity in education, while also underscoring its limitations in addressing systemic challenges. The findings emphasize the need for sustainable, locally driven education reforms, institutional strengthening, and innovative approaches to enhance education equity and quality across sub-Saharan Africa.9 0Item Restricted Business Plan (MAN514)-Surrey Eco Laundry(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alhashim, Deem; Alsalamah, Mashaal Saleh IMy project is a business plan for a new company called Surrey Eco Laundry. It is an eco-friendly laundry and dry-cleaning service that collects and delivers clothes in Surrey through an app and website. In the plan, I explain the market need, show how busy students and families want convenient and sustainable laundry options, and describe the services and prices I designed for them. I also describe the operations, such as using biodegradable detergents, energy- and water-saving machines, and low-emission vehicles. Finally, I present financial forecasts to show how the business can grow and become profitable over the first few years8 0Item Restricted HOW FIRMS ARE MANAGING THE ADOPTION OF EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES TO ENABLE THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY IMPLEMENTATION(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) ALQALI, MOHAMMED; Kaleem, UllahOPEN INNOVATION6 0Item Restricted Preparation and Characterisation of Indacenodithiophene Based Donor Acceptor Conjugated Polymers for Organic Photovoltaic Applications(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alruwaili, Saif; Thomas, JimThe growing demand for clean and renewable energy has intensified research into advanced solar technologies. Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional inorganic devices owing to their low fabrication cost, light weight, flexibility, and solution processability. Within bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs, donor-acceptor (D-A) conjugated polymers are crucial in governing light absorption, exciton dissociation, and charge transport. The rational design of such polymers with tuneable band gaps and controlled solid-state organisation is therefore key to improving device performance. This thesis presents the synthesis and systematic investigation of twelve indacenodithiophene (IDT)-based conjugated polymers prepared via Stille cross-coupling polymerisation. The IDT donor was coupled with three families of electron deficient acceptors, thienopyrroledione (TPD), benzothiadiazole (BT), and benzothiadiazole imide (BTI), while side chain engineering and the introduction of thiophene or selenophene linkers were employed to modify structural and electronic properties. All polymers displayed good solubility and high molecular weight suitable for optoelectronic analysis. Optical and electrochemical studies revealed tunable band gaps (~1.7–2.1 eV) and stable energy levels, with BTI-based polymers exhibiting the lowest LUMO levels and narrowest electrochemical gaps. Incorporation of selenophene linkers led to red-shifted absorption and enhanced backbone planarity compared to thiophene analogues. Thermogravimetric analysis confirmed high stability across the series, with all decomposition temperatures exceeding 250 °C; notably, the BTI-based polymer P9 exhibited a Td of 459 °C. Powder X-ray diffraction indicated semi-crystalline morphologies with pronounced π–π stacking in the selenophene- and BTI-based systems. Overall, this study establishes clear structure-property relationships among TPD-, BT-, and BTI-containing polymers, offering molecular design guidelines for next-generation IDT-based D-A polymers optimised for organic solar cells and related optoelectronic applications.7 0Item Restricted Enhancing Patient Care in Nursing: Evidence-Based Approaches to Managing Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) sayed, majidah; dornan, markBackground: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. In the United Kingdom alone, COPD accounts for approximately one million hospital bed days and over £3 billion in annual healthcare costs. Despite established guidelines from GOLD, NICE, and the British Thoracic Society, a persistent gap remains between evidence-based recommendations and frontline medical-surgical nursing practice. Medical-surgical nurses are well positioned to deliver structured COPD interventions, yet their contributions remain underutilised due to inadequate respiratory training, role ambiguity, and fragmented care systems. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate evidence-based nurse-led interventions for COPD management within medical-surgical settings and assess their impact on patient outcomes. Method: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Five electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were searched, yielding seven primary studies for inclusion after rigorous screening. Studies were critically appraised and synthesised using an analytical framework integrating the Chronic Care Model, GOLD guidelines, and the Social-Ecological Model. Findings: Structured nurse-led interventions – including self-management education, pulmonary rehabilitation, advance care planning, and psychosocial support – demonstrated meaningful improvements in quality of life, reduced hospital admissions, enhanced exercise capacity, and, in some cases, reduced mortality. Multicomponent programmes sustained beyond twelve months yielded the most pronounced and durable benefits, while six-year follow-up data provided compelling evidence of long-term reductions in mortality and cardiovascular complications. However, socio-demographic factors such as income, health literacy, geographic location, and the quality of nurse–patient relationships significantly moderated intervention effectiveness, with social determinants capable of undermining even well-designed programmes. Conclusion: Nurse-led, evidence-based COPD interventions can substantially improve patient outcomes when adequately resourced and sustained. Realising this potential requires investment in respiratory-specific nursing education, standardised discharge pathways, routine psychosocial screening, digital health infrastructure, and policy frameworks that formally recognise and support the contribution of nursing in chronic disease management. Keywords: COPD, nurse-led interventions, evidence-based practice, medical-surgical nursing, self-management, systematic review8 0Item Restricted Barriers and Implementation Challenges to Telehealth Adoption in Saudi Arabia under Vision 2030 with International Insights: A Systematic Review(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Almohaimeed, Mashael Ibrahim S; Simcha, JongAbstract Background: In the current healthcare scene, Telehealth system has been a major shift in the healthcare delivery, particularly following the global health crises and growing moves toward digitalization. The organisation of this systematic review is to identify, classify and discuss the critical challenges to telehealth adoption in the Saudi context and provide the comparative experience of global practice to inform evidence-based approaches and policies aligned with Vision 2030. Methods: The research was based on PRISMA 2020 and used SALSA (Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, and Analysis) to study 19 peer-reviewed articles, among them 11 Saudi-based and 8 international studies that were publshed between 2020-2025. Thematic synthesis-based classification of barriers as regulatory, infrastructural, cultural, and professional domains was employed. Results: The current research determined that the major barriers to the implementation of telehealth in Saudi Arabia are regulatory disparities manifested in unclear licensure, reimbursement, and data- sharing regulations, infrastructural gaps evident in the urban-rural digital divide and a low level of EMR interoperability, a cultural challenge of the low rates of digital literacy among the elderly/rural population and the preference to face-to-face care, and professional constraints revealed in the failure to train clinicians in telehealth and diagnostic uncertainty. Conclusion: The paper has conclude that there are serious obstacles to the equitable and sustainable implementation of telehealth in Saudi Arabia. There is a need to tackle these issues by implementing policies that address them, improving infrastructure, training individuals and providers to reach the goals of digital health in Vision 2030.13 0Item Restricted Isolation and structure elucidation of new secondary metabolites from marine microorganisms.(Saudi Digital Library, 2026) Alfurayh, Meshari; Jaspars, Marcel; Wael, HoussenThis study explored the chemical diversity and antimicrobial potential of selected deep-sea and soil microorganisms using an OSMAC (One Strain–Many Compounds) approach combined with LC–MS/MS, GNPS molecular networking, and NMR spectroscopy. A deep-sea Penicillium sp. (NC025510-RT-MSH), isolated from North Pacific sediments at 4297 m, produced six known metabolites a tetrapeptide, raistrickindole A, cyclo-(Trp-Phe), meleagrin, mycobenzoxazepine, and haenamindole. Deep-sea-derived Rhodococcus strains, including R. fascians and R. erythropolis. R. fascians grown in ISP2 and fenugreek media produced distinct metabolite profiles, including an unresolved high-mass peptide, while chickpea medium promoted unique metabolite formation in R. erythropolis. Two new hydroxy-conjugated linoleic acid isomers were detected, underlining Rhodococcus as a promising source of structurally unusual lipids. Bacillus velezensis FZB42, cultivated on rice/SDP solid medium, produced macrolactin A, surfactin, and fengycin homologues. Macrolactin A exhibited potent, broad-spectrum activity against Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), whereas surfactin C15 and C17-fengycin A displayed narrower but highly specific antifungal effects. Purpureocillium lilacinum grown on rice/SDP medium produces as a rich producer of leucinostatin peptides and paraconfuranone D. This enabled comprehensive annotation of known leucinostatins (A, Y, K, F, NPDG A–C) and the discovery of two new analogues.4 0