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    Impact of public sector privatization in Saudi Arabia: An Economic Perspective
    (university of essex, 2024-09-06) Alnafisah, Abdulrahman; Zhang, Kai
    This paper examines the economic impact of privatization in Saudi Arabia, focusing on key sectors such as energy, telecommunications, transportation, healthcare, and education within the framework of the Vision 2030 initiative. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of GDP contributions, employment trends, and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows with qualitative assessments of sector-specific outcomes. The findings reveal that privatization has led to significant improvements in efficiency, innovation, and global competitiveness across various sectors, contributing to the Kingdom's broader economic diversification goals. Notably, the analysis shows a substantial increase in FDI inflows, particularly in sectors like transportation, manufacturing, and trade, indicating that privatization has made Saudi Arabia a more attractive destination for global investors. However, challenges such as job displacement, market concentration, and potential social inequalities have also emerged, highlighting the need for robust regulatory frameworks and careful management to ensure equitable growth. The paper concludes that while privatization has largely succeeded in reducing the government's economic role and fostering private sector development, ongoing efforts to balance economic efficiency with social equity will be critical for the long-term success of Saudi Arabia's economic transformation under Vision 2030.
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    Foreign capital investment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: How has legislation been formulated over the years to cater to foreign capital investment? How do Saudi and EU laws compare in terms of trade and capital investment?
    (Saudi Digital Library, 2023) Albeladi, Semood Hussain; Kenny, Mel
    As a developing nation, Saudi Arabia presents foreign investors with numerous business opportunities. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an essential component of both the national and global economies. Saudi Arabia is desperate to open its market to an unlimited number of participants, who will undoubtedly contribute to the economy and business environment. In this research, the Saudi local market will be analyzed from various angles, and its characteristics are outlined. Throughout this work, numerous definitions, and explanations of FDI in Saudi Arabia will be provided. Key advantages, sectors, and characteristics of the Saudi Markets were outlined. It will also explain the development of legislation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to be compatible with foreign investment. On the other hand, how Saudi laws and European Union laws compare in terms of trade and capital investment. The Ministry of Investment of Saudi Arabia, which is the legal authority responsible for facilitating these investments, is the starting point for investors seeking more information. This might demonstrate the potential and benefits of Saudi FDI opportunities. Consequently, there are several strong indications of outstanding opportunities to increase the business's profitability. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in Saudi Arabia still offers a vast opportunity to conduct a variety of businesses and invest in emerging industries.
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