SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted Assessing Knowledge, Confidence, and Communication Skills of Healthcare Students in Saudi Arabia Regarding the Risks and Benefits of E-Cigarettes and Vaping: Literature Review Using a Systematic Approach.(Saudi Digital Library, 1995-09-21) Almutairi, Nouf; Sharp, MartinAbstract Background: E-cigarette use poses a dual challenge, offering harm reduction potential but raising concerns over health risks and nicotine addiction. Healthcare students play a vital role in patient education, yet their preparedness to address vaping in Saudi Arabia remains underexplored. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the knowledge, confidence, and communication skills of healthcare students in Saudi Arabia regarding e-cigarettes. It assesses their preparedness to educate patients in comparison to standard expectations of preparedness in healthcare education. Methods: This literature review adopts a systematic approach to synthesise evidence from previous studies. It involves the selection and analysis of nine cross-sectional studies focusing on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare students concerning e-cigarettes. The studies were critically appraised using the CASP tool to ensure validity and reliability. The findings were then categorised and analysed to identify gaps in knowledge, confidence levels, and the effectiveness of educational interventions. Results: The review identified significant knowledge gaps about e-cigarette risks and misconceptions regarding their efficacy as smoking cessation tools. Confidence levels in discussing e-cigarettes with patients were low, largely attributed to inadequate formal education. While some students reported gaining knowledge from personal experiences or informal sources like social media, this often perpetuated misinformation. A majority expressed a need for structured education to address these deficiencies. Conclusions: Healthcare students in Saudi Arabia are inadequately prepared to educate patients on e-cigarettes, primarily due to gaps in formal education. To enhance their readiness, it is recommended to integrate comprehensive, evidence-based training on e-cigarettes into healthcare curricula, emphasising hazards, cessation tools, and harm reduction strategies. Addressing these gaps is critical to improving public health outcomes related to vaping.11 0Item Restricted Reliability of Headspace GC-MS for the Analysis of e-liquids(University of Edinburgh, 2024) Alshehri, Alaa; August, DavidThe increasing popularity of e-cigarettes has raised significant concerns about the safety and chemical composition of e-liquids, particularly how varying temperatures may influence the release and degradation of these compounds. A deeper understanding of the thermal processing of e-liquids is essential not only for evaluating potential health risks but also for ensuring compliance with regulatory standards designed to protect consumers. This study systematically investigates how varying the headspace temperatures in Headspace Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HS-GCMS) impact the chemical composition of e-liquids, focusing on the reliability and reproducibility of the method in detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The e-liquid samples were analyzed at temperatures ranging from 80 °C to 175 °C to assess how thermal conditions influenced the observed chemical composition. The results revealed that higher temperatures (130 °C and above ) increased the rate of volatilization, but also caused the formation of harmful byproducts, such as acetaldehyde and hydroxyacetone. Also at 130 °C solvent saturation became evident complicating the chromatographic profile. The study further explored the reliability of HS-GCMS method, highlighting concerns over its consistency, particularly in the quantification of nicotine. High %RSD values indicated variability, suggesting that further optimization is required to improve method reliability. These findings underscore the importance of optimizing temperature conditions in HS-GCMS to balance sufficient volatilization with the prevention of harmful byproduct formation, ensuring both safety and accuracy in e-liquid analysis.29 0