SACM - United Kingdom
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/9667
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Item Restricted The role of matrix metalloproteinase 28 and gut microbiome in the regulation of obesity and metabolic disorders(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11) Alzahrani, Ahmad Mohammad; Pender, SylviaMatrix metalloproteinase 28 is a member of the matrix metalloproteinases family. In preliminary studies, the absence of it was found to relate to obesity. Obesity increases the risk of many health issues, including type 2 diabetes, both considered challenges to the global economy. In this study, we hypothesise that Mmp28 knock-out (KO) mice have altered metabolism influenced by the gut microbiome, and changing the living conditions will mitigate these effects. We aim to investigate whether the deletion of the Mmp28 gene is a crucial factor through which environmental management can affect the composition of gut microbiota, resulting in improved metabolism. Mmp28-KO and wild-type C57BL/6J mice were on a standard chow diet in specific pathogen-free (SPF) conditions and transferred to the conventional mouse room (CMR) for five weeks. Mice were fasted overnight and sacrificed at 30 weeks old. The livers were used for histology, and metabolic indicators were analysed using RT-qPCR and biochemical assays, while the faecal samples were used for microbiome analysis using 16s rRNA sequencing. When housed in SPF, Mmp28-KO mice had dyslipidaemia and fatty livers in addition to increased body weights and insulin resistance. They also had lower levels of the carbohydrate-digesting bacterium Bifidobacterium and higher levels of the Firmicutes phylum and its genus, Lachnospiraceae. The five weeks transfer to CMR caused weight loss, improved insulin resistance and reduced fatty liver in the mice. There was a rise in the abundance of Oscilibacter and a decline in the quantity of Firmicutes following decreased circulating butyrate. These results suggest Mmp28 is vital in regulating body weight and metabolism via alterations to the gut microbiome. They also show a change of sanitation conditions for five weeks can rebalance the gut microbiome and reshape body metabolism and obesity in genetically susceptible individuals. There are lessons to learn and study in humans.11 0Item Restricted Interaction of dietary fats and prebiotics on gut microbiota activity in people with normal weight and those with obesity using in vitro gut models(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-24) Aldukheel, Reem; Koutsos, AthanasiosBackground The gut microbiota; is a complex community within the gastrointestinal tract that plays an important role in human health. Diet, especially dietary fats and prebiotics are primary drivers of gut microbiota modulation. It is imperative that we understand the interaction between dietary components and gut microbiota in light of the rising prevalence of obesity and its association with microbial alteration. The objective of this study is to determine whether long-chain dietary fatty acids have a direct influence on the activity of the gut microbiota, particularly during the fermentation of prebiotic inulin in both individuals of normal weight and those of obesity. Methods: Utilizing an in vitro batch fermentation approach, faecal samples from six healthy adults were employed. The fermentative capacity of inulin in the presence of specific fatty acids, namely Myristic acid, Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Oleic acid, and α-Linolenic acid, was investigated. SCFA production post-fermentation was quantified as an indicator of fermentation and microbial activity. Results: Notable modulations in SCFA production were observed, especially in valeric acid, isobutyrate, and isovalerate. Significant variations were detected when inulin was paired with Myristic acid (p=0.028), Oleic acid (p=0.028), and α-Linolenic acid (p=0.043). However, no discernible differences in SCFA production were identified between normal-weight and obese participants. Conclusions: The results underscore the complex relationship between dietary fats, prebiotics, and gut health, emphasizing the significance of in-depth studies for informed dietary guidelines and improved metabolic well-being.42 0Item Restricted Interaction between dietary fat and prebiotics on gut microbiota activity in people with normal weight and those with obesity using in vitro gut models.(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08-15) Hakami, Samaher; Koutsos, AthanasiosBackground: The interplay between dietary fatty acids and inulin fermentation in the gut microbiome remains a complex yet essential aspect of metabolic health. This study aimed to investigate how specific dietary fatty acids will impact the fermentation of prebiotic inulin, affect the generation of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The study also delves into the potential influences tied to different fat types. Methodology: Methodology: An in vitro batch fermentation model simulating the human distal colon was used, examining fecal samples from six adults. The study assessed the effects of dietary fats, including medium-chain fatty acids (e.g., Caprylic (C8:0), Capric (C10:0)) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (e.g., Linoleic acid (18:2), alpha-Linolenic acid (omega 3)) on inulin fermentation. Results: The incorporation of Caprylic acid C8 and Capric C10 to inulin significantly reduced total SCFA production, possibly due to their antibacterial properties. Conversely, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly omega-3 , either maintained or increased SCFA production. Specific alterations in SCFA production were also observed between obese and non-obese subjects. Conclusions: The findings highlight the complex interaction between dietary fats and gut microbiota, revealing how MCFAs and PUFAs differentially influence SCFA production. This understanding may open avenues for targeted dietary interventions to modulate gut health and associated metabolic outcomes.7 0