Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted EVALUATION OF INUNDATED ASPHALT PAVEMENT USING PERFORMANCE MODELING AND LABORATORY CHARACTERIZATION(University of Florida, 2025) Almutairi, Abdulrahman; Tia, MangFlooding is recognized as one of the most common natural disasters. It interrupts the transportation network and causes major damage to the pavement. It can cause a reduction in pavement life and a rapid decline in structure strength. This study aims to evaluate the performance of inundated flexible pavements by predicting fatigue cracking and rutting and studying the effects of key mixture factors on moisture susceptibility. The impact of lowering the water level through the base and subgrade was evaluated. Two types of bases (A-1-a and A-2-4) and subgrades (A-4 and A-7-5) were evaluated. The soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) is used to predict the resilience modulus of unsaturated soils, and KENLAYER is implemented to obtain the critical strains. The fatigue crack and rut were predicted using MEPDG distress equations. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the key mixture factors in this study. These key mixture factors were the polymer modification (Polymer-Modified Asphalt and High Polymer), the air void content (4%, 7%, and 10%), the binder content, and the anti-stripping agent (Hydrated Lime and Liquid Anti-strip). The results showed that pavement with a strong base and strong subgrade (SBSG) consistently performed better with lower deflection, reduced strains, low fatigue crack growth, and least rut development. The mixture's indirect tensile strength (ITS) can be influenced by the polymer modification, the air void content, the binder content, and the anti-stripping agent. All the mixtures exhibited excellent moisture resistance, surpassing Florida Department of Transportation's specifications of 80%.26 0Item Embargo Spatial Organization of Metabolic and Signalling Systems(Imperial College London, 2024-06) Almutairi, Abdulrahman; J, KrishnanSingle cells utilize spatial organization through different mechanisms: localizing proteins in compartments, in subdomains in the compartments, or by creating concentration gradients. It generates an intricate web of connections in time and space, allowing living creatures to adapt to different environments. Understanding the effect of spatial organization requires a systematic assessment of the interplay of pathways and spatial organization. In this work we analyze both metabolic and signalling systems, starting with their constituent building blocks. A systematic assessment of spatial localization and compartmentalization with its impact on metabolic networks was evaluated. (i) The effect of localization of enzymes and substrates on a variety of metabolic motifs was assessed. (ii) The impact of spatial localization on standard metabolic control coefficients was evaluated and complemented with the inclusion of newly defined spatial control coefficients. (iii) The use of localization for rewiring metabolic networks and the unraveling of various trade-offs therein. (iv) The effect of localization in a concrete exemplar case was evaluated. Then for signalling systems, both enzymatic cascades and substrate modification were evaluated by studying compartmental systems and examining the effect of transport in the spatially. Basic motifs and network motifs were evaluated, while studying the effect of distribution in multiple compartments. Lastly, spatial feedbacks, wherein species either activated or inhibited their transport were defined and evaluated. Our results provide a number of new insights. Common recurring conclusions include the fact that spatial organization can rewire/alter reactions and networks, open up trade-offs depending on the choice of compartmentalized entities, and even generate non-trivial dynamic behaviours. All of this has shown that considering the spatial aspect adds an interesting and intricate twist to the behaviour of biological systems providing a powerful new way to engineer them. These insights can be utilized to optimize, design and engineer robust systems for clear objectives.18 0