Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Optimizing Healthcare Outcomes with a Medical Recommendation System Based on Machine Learning(Bahrain Polytechnic, 2024-08-18) Aldalbahi, Shrouq; Fawzy, AbdelhameedHealth care is extremely reliant on technology in a digital age, and this plays an important part in the fight against many diseases.Despite technological advancements, Misdiagnosis continue to pose a significant global health challenge. For avoiding these risks, This thesis is to explore how Machine Learning algorithms can be used in the disease diagnosis by building an ML-based Medical Recommendation System that significantly enhances the accuracy of disease diagnosis .Additionally, Even in an age where technology has become far more advanced and information is readily available to many people, a lot of people still follow traditional long-winded methods for seeking medical attention which can be time-consuming. This thesis also proposes a method for providing complete and detailed treatment recommendations these recommendations include descriptions of diseases, precautions, medications, exercise routines, and dietary suggestions tailored to the patient’s needs using machine learning. Utilizing two datasets of patient symptoms to train and test the models, we found that for dataset 1 the MultinomialNB model performed best at 97.36\%,followed by SVC at 94.44\%. Regarding dataset 2, the DNN model performed best at 84.19\%. This study implies that ML and DL algorithms could decreasing misdiagnosis, and improving patient care. This thesis illustrates a strong framework for application of advanced technologies in healthcare highlighting their transformative impact and substantial benefits, ultimately optimizing resource utilization for doctors and enhancing care and information for patients.20 0Item Restricted INVESTIGATING THE EXPRESSION OF CYCLIN D1 AND PAX5 IN THE LIVER OF DIABETIC RATS(Zarqa University, 2025) Alshammari, Hayef; Amawi, KawtharABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by either insufficient insulin production by the pancreas or the inability of the body to effectively utilize the insulin produced, resulting in hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose levels). The precise mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of diabetes remain unclear and require further investigation. This study aims to evaluate the expression of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 in the liver tissues of diabetic and non-diabetic control groups. An animal model of diabetes was established by administering alloxan at a dose of 120 mg/kg. Blood glucose levels were monitored daily, and a glucose level of ≥200 mg/dl was used to confirm diabetes. After one month, the experiment concluded, and all rats were sacrificed. Blood samples and liver tissues were collected and preserved in 10% formalin. Biochemical analyses, including glucose and lipid profiles, were conducted, alongside histological and immunohistochemical studies. The findings revealed a significant increase in blood glucose and lipid profile levels in the diabetic group compared to the control group. Histological analysis showed mild structural alterations in liver tissue. Immunohistochemical results demonstrated a significant upregulation of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 expression in the liver tissue of the diabetic group compared to controls. The observed overexpression of PAX5 and Cyclin D1 in diabetic liver tissue indicates a potential inflammatory role of hepatic tissue in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes. These findings suggest that PAX5 and Cyclin D1 could serve as key molecular markers in understanding diabetes- associated liver inflammation. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Liver, Cyclin D1, PAX5, Type 1 Diabetes.12 0Item Restricted الأحكام الفقهية في استخدام العقود الذكية وأثرها في استقرار المعاملات التجارية(Helwan University, 2024) Alsubaie, Mufareh; Mohammed, FatimaSummary Title: Jurisprudential rulings on the use of smart contracts and their impact on the stability of commercial transactions. The dissertation presented an introductory analysis on the jurisprudential rulings concerning the utilization of smart contracts and their influence on the reliability of commercial transactions. The rationale behind selecting this subject matter was to examine the jurisprudential decisions regarding smart contract applications and their implications on the stability of commercial transactions, employing a methodology that relied on a descriptive and analytical framework. This approach aimed to elucidate the essence and characteristics of smart contracts, highlighting their jurisprudential impact on commercial transactions. Through an inductive method, various Arabic sources and Islamic jurisprudential studies related to smart contracts and commercial transactions were reviewed and integrated. Additionally, a deductive approach was employed, emphasizing the logical linkage between smart contracts and commercial transactions within Islamic jurisprudence. The thesis expounded upon the definition of smart contracts, their historical evolution, components, and operational mechanisms, followed by an exploration of the jurisprudential perspective on contractual concepts and their association with smart contracts. It clarified the jurisprudential interpretation of contracts and their interconnection with smart contracts, as well as the jurisprudential assessments regarding smart contract deployment. Furthermore, the dissertation delved into the repercussions of smart contracts on the reliability of commercial transactions, encompassing their implications within Islamic jurisprudence studies and the evolutionary stages of their impact on transactional stability. Finally, a comprehensive conclusion encapsulating the principal findings and recommendations of the research was presented, followed by indices and references, concluding with an index of topics. Researcher Mufarreh Al-Subaie22 0Item Restricted دور التحول الرقمي في تحسين الخدمات الصحية: دراسة تطبيقية على مديرية الشئون الصحية بمكة المكرمة(جامعة حلوان, 2025) العتيبي, مشاري منصور; مهدي, ممدوح محمودهدف الدراسة هو التعرف على التحول الرقمي في تحسين الخدمات الصحية: دراسة تطبيقية على مديرية الشئون الصحية بمكة المكرمة، وتأتي عينة الدراسة من (301) عاملًا من مديري الشئون الصحية بمكة المكرمة والمتمثلين في الإدارة العليا، والإدارة الوسطى، ومديري العاملين، وتمثل أدوات الدراسة في استمارة استبيان، وتوصلت نتائج الدراسة إلى وجود علاقة ارتباط متبادل بين أبعاد التحول الرقمي وأبعاد الخدمات الصحية بمديرية الشئون الصحية، كما يوجد تأثير ذو دلالة إحصائية للتحول الرقمي في تحسين الخدمات الصحية بمديرية الشئون الصحية، كما يوجد اختلاف في اتجاهات العاملين بمديرية الشئون الصحية حول أبعاد التحول الرقمي وفقًا للمتغيرات الديموغرافية (الجنس، الفئة العمرية المؤهلة علميًا، سنوات الخبرة؛ كما يوجد اختلاف في اتجاهات العاملين بمديرية الشئون الصحية حول تحسين الخدمات الصحية وفقًا للمتغيرات الديموغرافية الجنس، الفئة العمرية المؤهلة علميًا، سنوات الخبرة، وقد أوصت الدراسات باستمرار تحديث وتطوير البنية التحتية التقنية للمعلومات في المؤسسات الصحية لضمان استقرار وأمان الأنظمة الرقمية، كذلك يجب تدريب العاملين في القطاع الصحي على أهمية الأمن السيبراني وطرق الحماية البيانات الشخصية للمرضى15 0Item Restricted Remote work in Saudi’s 2030 vision(Brunel university london, 2025) Alaraifi , Mai; ElamaThis thesis discusses the contribution of remote working towards Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030, a government plan to boost economic diversification, enhance the development of the workforce, and decrease dependency on oil. Based on secondary analysis of evidence collected from government reports, industry reports, and research studies, this research evaluates the contribution of remote working towards the growth of non-oil sectors, i.e., technology, finance, education, and entrepreneurship. Key findings identify telework as having been the key in enabling the participation of women and disabled employees, enhancing rural communities' quality employment, and cross-enterprise savings. The report ends by concluding investment in digital infrastructure through investing in 5G networks and cloud computing as the key driver of remote work growth. There are, however, challenges in the form of digital divides, evolving regulatory landscapes, and cultural resistance to flexible work. The thesis concludes by making policy recommendations for facilitating the uptake of telework, including legal reform, rural broadband development, and enhancing cybersecurity, aligned with Vision 2030's strategic vision for an inclusive, sustainable digital economy.16 0Item Restricted To Increase the Awareness of Techno-Entrepreneurship Among Saudi Arabian Women in Saudi Arabia(Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 2025-01-31) alqahtani, malak; Alhaimi, Basheer MohammedThis research examines the advancement of technological entrepreneurship among women, focusing on overcoming barriers and fostering innovation. The study explores the challenges women entrepreneurs face in the tech industry, their strategies for success, and the support systems necessary for sustained growth. Through interviews with women entrepreneurs and collaboration with industry stakeholders, this research highlights the critical factors influencing women's participation in technological entrepreneurship. The study identifies key obstacles such as gender biases, limited access to funding, and inadequate mentorship opportunities, while also showcasing successful case studies of women who have excelled in this field. Additionally, it explores the role of education, networking, and government policies in shaping a more inclusive entrepreneurial ecosystem. Findings reveal that targeted interventions, such as providing access to funding, mentorship, and training programs, can significantly enhance women's involvement in the tech industry. The research also emphasizes the importance of creating culturally sensitive and inclusive initiatives to empower women and bridge the gender gap in entrepreneurship.This study contributes to the growing body of literature on technological entrepreneurship and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, educators, and industry leaders to support women in their entrepreneurial journeys.16 0Item Restricted تقييم دور السجل الطبي الالكتروني في تحسين مستوى جودة الخدمات المقدمة دراسة حالة مستشفى الملك خالد بنجران ( المملكة العربية السعودية )(جامعة حلوان, 2025) ال سالم , علي; أحمد , محمدهدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى تقييم دور السجل الطبي الإلكتروني في تحسين مستوي جودة الخدمات المقدمة، وذلك من خلال دراسة حالة لمستشفى الملك خالد بنجران بالمملكة العربية السعودية. ولتحقيق هدف الدراسة، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي في إعداد الدراسة، كما استخدمت الاستبانة كأداة رئيسية في جمع البيانات من عينة الدراسة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (285) موظف من الموظفين العاملين بمستشفى الملك خالد بنجران في المملكة العربية السعودية الذين يتعاملون مع السجلات الطبية الإلكترونية في المستشفى. وعقب جمع البيانات تم استخدام الحزمة الإحصائية للدراسات الاجتماعية (SPSS) في تحليل البيانات. وعقب تحليل البيانات، توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج، أهمها: أشارت النتائج إلى وجود علاقة ارتباطية قوية وذات دلالة إحصائية بين السجل الطبي الإلكتروني وتحسين مستوى جودة الخدمات المقدمة في مستشفى الملك خالد بنجران (R2= 0.807)؛ أي أن 80.7% من التغيرات في مستوى جودة الخدمات الصحية يمكن تفسيرها من خلال أبعاد السجل الطبي الإلكتروني (توافر الأجهزة اللازمة، توافر البرامج اللازمة، التدريب، البيانات الصحية الدقيقة، الآمان والخصوصية، والتوافق الإلكتروني). كما أشارت النتائج إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في استجابات عينة الدراسة حول دور السجل الطبي الإلكتروني في تحسين مستوى جودة الخدمات الصحية المقدمة في مستشفى الملك خالد في نجران تعزى للخصائص الديموغرافية للعينة تبعاً للمتغيرات الآتية (الجنس، العمر، الخبرة). وفي ضوء هذه النتائج أوصت الدراسة بعدة توصيات، وهي: تحديث وتطوير الأجهزة المتاحة داخل مستشفى الملك خالد بحيث تتناسب إمكانياتها مع طبيعة الأعمال المطلوبة، زيادة درجة اهتمام إدارة مستشفى الملك خالد بنجران بتعيين موظفين وموارد بشرية ذات كفاءة وخبرة، تشجيع طاقم المستشفى للاستجابة السريعة لطلبات المرضى مهما كان انشغالهم.3 0Item Restricted Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis on Healthcare Services Uding pre-trained Languges Model(Malaya University, 2025) Alkathiri, Sarah; Sabri, AznulThis research explores the application of various computational models for aspect- based sentiment analysis (ABSA) of healthcare reviews, a critical component of enhancing healthcare services through feedback analysis. With the rapid expansion of online health platforms, the volume of textual reviews generated by patients provides a rich source of data for understanding patient satisfaction and areas needing improvement. The research thoroughly assesses various models, encompassing conventional statistical models, recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and sophisticated transformer-based models like BERT, RoBERTa, and DistilBERT. Each model was assessed based on its ability to accurately classify sentiments tied to specific aspects of healthcare services, such as cleanliness, staff behavior, and treatment efficacy. Two primary feature extraction techniques, Bag of Words (BoW) and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), were employed to transform raw text into a suitable format for model ingestion. Our findings demonstrate that while traditional models offer quick and interpretable results, they sometimes lack the nuanced understanding of context provided by more sophisticated deep learning and transformer models. RNNs, particularly LSTM and BiLSTM, were effective in capturing temporal dependencies in text data, essential for comprehending longer patient feedback.14 0Item Restricted Elucidating BCR-mediated regulation of FOXO1 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a role for deubiquitinase proteins?(University of Glasgow, 2024) Almuhanna, Hassan Nasser; Michie, Alison; Jorgensen, HeatherThe B-cell receptor (BCR) activity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells is vital for disease progression, driving cell survival, proliferation, and chemoresistance. Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), a transcription factor widely considered as a tumour suppressor in B-cell malignancies, is inactivated downstream of BCR activation. Previously, we demonstrated that FOXO1 expression is significantly upregulated in lymph node (LN) biopsies of poor prognostic CLL patients. However, FOXO1 cytoplasmic localisation and deregulation of FOXO target genes, including cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A), cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (CDKN1B), and cyclin D1 (CCND1), may suggest functional inactivity of FOXO1 in these CLL patients. This finding indicates that FOXO1 possesses tumour-suppressive function in CLL cells. Aligning with previous studies, our data demonstrated that FOXO1 is an effector of BCR crosslinking in vitro, promoting FOXO1 inactivation and nuclear exclusion through phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (AKT)-dependent phosphorylation of FOXO1. This was further confirmed using the Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib, which restored FOXO1 nuclear localisation and subsequently increased FOXO1 DNA binding and transcriptional activities, as indicated by the modulation of FOXO target genes, including the upregulation of Bcl-2-binding component 3 (BBC3) and the downregulation of cyclin D2 (CCND2). Furthermore, the levels of phosphorylated and total FOXO1 protein were transiently upregulated upon BCR crosslinking, peaking at 30 minutes and sustaining up to 2 hours. Therefore, we investigated FOXO1 regulation upon BCR crosslinking in relation to post-translational modifications involving the ubiquitination-proteasome system (UPS) pathway, particularly deubiquitinase (DUB) proteins. Little is known about the role of individual DUB family members in CLL. Our analysis revealed that expression levels of DUB proteins in patient CLL cells were largely upregulated, including the expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) and ubiquitin-specific protease 9, x-linked (USP9x). FOXO1 co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) demonstrated USP7 interaction with FOXO1 in primary CLL cells and cell lines. The FOXO1-USP7 interaction was largely unaffected by BCR crosslinking, while inhibition with ibrutinib increased this interaction, suggesting that the PI3K/AKT pathway may play a role beyond modulating FOXO1 phosphorylation, potentially including modulation of FOXO1 interaction with DUB proteins. Treating CLL cells with the pan-DUB inhibitor PR-619 downregulated AKTˢ⁴⁷³ and FOXO1ᵀ²⁴ phosphorylation. However, USP7 inhibitors (P5091 and HBX19818) and the USP9x inhibitor (WP1130) were largely less effective at inhibiting the PI3K/AKT pathway. This suggests that DUB proteins have a regulatory role in the activity of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, but the inhibition of an individual DUB protein was not sufficient to exert a significant effect on PI3K/AKT activity. Additionally, the inhibitors induced the accumulation of MEC1 cells in the G0/G1 phase but did not impact cell proliferation. The combination of ibrutinib and DUB inhibitors enhanced CLL response to ibrutinib, leading to a greater reduction in cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle accumulation at the G0/G1 phase. DUB inhibitors or knockdown (KD) of USP7 or USP9x demonstrated no effect on total FOXO1 protein expression, while FOXO1 transcriptional activity was increased in MEC1 cells by HBX19818 or USP7/USP9x KDs, as indicated by the upregulation of FOXO target genes, including CDKN1B and BBC3. This effect was further enhanced by the combination of HBX19818 with ibrutinib. The nuclear localisation of FOXO1 while only modestly regulated by the inhibition of DUB proteins, particularly PR-619 and HBX19818 was enhanced when combined with ibrutinib. Additionally, USP7 or USP9x KD alone or in combination with ibrutinib increased FOXO1 DNA binding activity. This suggests that a reduction of USP7 interaction with FOXO1 may facilitate the promotion of FOXO1 to its DNA binding site, resulting in increased FOXO1 transcriptional activity. Proteome and subsequent co-IP analysis of FOXO1 novel interactors revealed an interaction between FOXO1 and the E3 ligase tripartite motif containing 21 (TRIM21), with TRIM21 being predominantly cytoplasmic. TRIM21 KD resulted in a reduction of total FOXO1 and FOXO1 nuclear localisation, suggesting that FOXO1 is a substrate of TRIM21, which plays a role in regulating FOXO1 stability, localisation, and potentially its activity. Our findings suggest that unleashing FOXO1 anti-tumour activity by simultaneously inhibiting BCR-mediated phosphorylation and USP7 deubiquitination of FOXO1 may present an alternative therapeutic strategy for CLL patients.14 0Item Restricted PERCEIVED VALUE AS A MODERATOR ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERVICE QUALITY AND SATISFACTION PILGRIMS IN SAUDI ARABIA(University Technology Mara, 2025) dubayl, Hanadi Al bu; Gani, Arni bt AbdulIn Umrah, service quality is paramount due to the unique nature of the Umrah experience. Ensuring smooth and efficient services, such as transportation, accommodation, safety, and food & beverages, is crucial for meeting pilgrims' expectations. Pilgrims' satisfaction in Umrah is closely tied to the seamless execution of services, commitment to religious protocols, and personalized attention from Saudi Arabia and service providers. This study aims to assess the impact of service quality on pilgrims’ satisfaction with the services received. And to examine the role of perceived values as the moderating factor between service quality and satisfaction. This study employed a quantitative approach with convenient sampling to analyze service quality in Umrah in Saudi Arabia. The sample consists of 138 Malaysian pilgrims who have performed Umrah at least once in the last five years. The data was gathered through the distribution of the questionnaire, following which it was run by SPSS 27&30 for further analysis. The study results showed that the regression model accounts for 80.5% of the variation in Perceived Value, and the correlation matrix shows that most of the variables are positively correlated. Finally, perceived value moderates the relationship between service quality and satisfaction in some dimensions of service quality, enhancing its impact on satisfaction. However, in other dimensions, the perceived value did not have a significant effect on the satisfaction of pilgrims.9 0