Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Restricted Causes and Effects of Corporate Social Responsibility: An Examination of Corporate Social Responsibility in Saudi Arabia(University of New England, 2024) Alhazzaa, Ateeq Mesfer; Reddy Yarram, Subba; Moss, SupawadeeThe recent adoption of sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the two-decade-long work involved in evolving these goals has led to increased attention to corporate social responsibility (CSR) in developing countries. As a United Nations (UN) member committed to achieving the SDGs by 2030, the Saudi government released its Vision 2030 economic blueprint in 2016, which includes significant environmental targets such as reducing carbon emissions. However, research is still limited because few studies have considered the causes and consequences of CSR, particularly in Saudi Arabia. The current study aims to address this gap in the literature, specifically in the context of emerging economies. This study explores how ownership structure and leadership characteristics influence environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices in the Saudi Arabian context. It also examines the effect of ownership structure, leadership and ESG performance on financial performance. In addition, this thesis focuses on assessing how ESG practices, in conjunction with ownership structure and leadership, affect financial risk in Saudi Arabia. Hypotheses for this study were devised based on various theories, existing literature and the institutional context. Data were collected from Invest ESG and the annual reports of 136 non- finance industry firms listed on the Saudi Stock Exchange between 2016 and 2020, resulting in 647 annual observations. The generalised method of moments technique was employed to manage potential endogeneity issues in panel data analysis. The findings of the first study suggest that foreign, government and managerial ownership positively affect CSR. In contrast, institutional and family ownership of businesses and frequent CEO turnover impede CSR investment. The outcomes from the second study show that institutional, foreign, family and managerial ownership—as well as leadership elements like CEO turnover and leadership experience—are likely to enhance a firm’s value when aligned with ESG practices. Such enhancements in financial outcomes could be attributed to these ownership and leadership groups recognising the value generation potential of ESG and corporate governance. Conversely, investments in environmental and social initiatives might diminish value owing to the associated expenses to make such projects viable. Finally, the third study reveals that risk-taking is reduced in Saudi firms when these firms are participating in CSR practices. Evidence from this study broadly supports the view that CSR engagement leads to diminished risk-taking in Saudi firms.12 0Item Restricted Financial Inclusion, Bank Performance and Stability: A Comparative Analysis(Coventry University, 2023-12-10) Algarni, Kholoud; Elmasry, AhmedThis research attempts to study the impact of financial inclusion on banking stability and performance for many developing countries in MENA over a period that includes the global financial crisis. Financial inclusion has become one of the most active tools in achieving financial development and economic growth by having advanced level of access to financial services. The methodology adopted for this research study is the model of multidimensional index of financial inclusion to measure the inclusiveness of each type of bank, the determinants of financial inclusion, and the impact of the inclusion on bank performance and stability in MENA. By using 7,605 observations. The financial crisis 2008 and Arab spring are considered in our period calculations and analysis. The default risk Z-score, and credit risk can be measured as the bank’s probability of insolvency. The results of this research have shown that the countries index values tend to slightly higher in GCC rates than in MENA indices. Moreover, the findings show that high financial inclusion significantly appear with high- and middle-income countries. Besides, the finding illustrates that Age, Labour, high income, and high education have a significant relationship with financial inclusion, and awareness and favour access to financial services in MENA, MENA excluding GCC, and GCC. However, gender has no significant association with financial inclusion, and the religion has a negative association with most financial inclusion indices. However, the determinant of Infrastructure has a significant factor that play a crucial role in achieving financial inclusion. Additional to the higher level of financial inclusion leads to greater bank performance and stability. By taking in the account the financial crisis and Arab spring, we find the more significance post those events and not during them. These impacts are found when banks have higher market power and operate in countries with stronger WGI and institutional quality. Our consequences highlight that the financial services provide and policy makers, need to focus on some psychological elements that support financial confidence building, for example financial education for the adults, that can be applied in the education stage. Additionally, the significance of the inclusive financial system as a development goal and a crucial issue that should be prioritised by the financial institutions as such a policy drive is moral for banks in terms of their performance and stability. This thesis aims to construct financial inclusion index to illustrate better measures of financial inclusion and measuring the determinants of financial Inclusion. As well as the relationship between financial Inclusion and bank performance and stability. By constructing two Indices financial Inclusion Index (FII) and Fintech Inclusion Index (FintechII) with different dimensions with their indicators.3 0Item Restricted Business Analysis Report(University of Sussex, 2023-09-12) Alomiri, Bayan; Chen, LouisaThe purpose of this report is to conduct a comparative appraisal of the financial performance of two companies. The analysis primarily focuses on trends and ratio analysis. A comparative study is undertaken utilising horizontal and vertical methods to examine historical data, in order to ascertain the most preferable investment option between Marks and Spencer (M&S) and its competitor Next, dependent upon their respective performances. This study utilises a combination of methods, with historical data serving as the main focus. Furthermore, historical data serves as a foundation for examining the cash flow status of the two organisations, allowing a comparative analysis that supports decision making. This comparison assists in identifying both companies' strengths and weaknesses. The data is acquired from the company's annual reports and Fame website, spanning a five-year period from 2018 to 2022. The financial valuation of M&S is included. The study concludes findings of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) analysis show that Next outperformed M&S during this five-year period. In addition, Next achieved higher profitability than M&S and better outcomes in financial performance in these 5 years. The last part of the study contains the conclusion and recommendations that would help final decision be made for different stakeholders.18 0Item Restricted PIF Investments and Firms’ Financial Performance A Comparison Before, During and After Covid-19(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-04) Alsulami, Rehab; Fu, ServannaThe Saudi Public Investment Fund (PIF) is one of the leading Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) worldwide. It is indeed, ranked as one of the top 10. Recently, it has expanded its investment locally “the Saudi market” and globally. Not many studies have given attention to the impact of the Saudi “PIF” investments especially during the era of COVID-19. Purpose: This paper investigates the impact of PIF investments on the financial performance of 122 listed firms in “the Saudi Stock Market” and evaluates their financial performance before, during, and after COVID-19. Methods: Based on a panel dataset including 122 firms listed in the Saudi Stock Market 25 firms were invested by PIF. The information of all variables extracted from the EIKON database or collocated manually for the period from 2018 to 2022. This paper applies a quantitative method by using OLS regressions. Main Findings: PIF investments have a negative impact on the return on assets. Leverage has a negative effect on financial performance while current ratio and firm size have a positive effect. Firm age seems to have no effect in general but in some periods, it has a negative effect on financial performance.30 0Item Restricted A critical analysis of Smith & Nephew plc’s shareholder wealth creation in the five-year period from 2018 to 2022(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-09-22) Alhumam, Munther; Dow, RhianyddSmith & Nephew plc, a prominent participant in the global medical devices and services industry, has undergone a significant transformation over the past five years, from 2018 to 2022. Numerous internal and external factors have contributed to significant financial fluctuations during this period. In this critical analysis, we will examine Smith & Nephew's strategies, financial performance, and the influence of these factors on the creation of shareholder wealth during this crucial period. Our analysis will encompass a vast array of factors, including stock price fluctuations, profitability metrics, debt levels, liquidity, dividend policies, and strategic acquisitions. Each of these factors is instrumental in determining the company's financial health and, consequently, its ability to pay dividends. As we dissect the complexities of Smith & Nephew's financial decisions and market dynamics, our objective is to provide a thorough comprehension of how shareholder wealth evolved in response to these factors. This analysis is not only a retrospective examination of financial data but also a prospective evaluation of the company's resilience, adaptability, and strategic prowess. It emphasises the crucial relationship between financial performance and shareholder value, casting light on the strategies employed by Smith & Nephew to navigate challenges, seize opportunities, and ultimately deliver enduring returns to their shareholders21 0