Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted The Relationship of Dispositional Optimism and Religiosity to Mental and Physical Health in Saudi Arabian Students Studying in The United States.(Barry University, 2023-02) Albattah, Majidah; Koncsol, StephenThe relationship between different forms of faith as belief systems and universal concepts of quality of life, health, well-being, etc., has attracted huge research attention. Data from Islamic samples support the positive link between religious belief, mental, and physical health. Little research has been done to examine the multiple dimensions of optimism and how it relates to religion and health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of dispositional optimism and religiosity to the mental and physical health of Saudi Arabian students studying in the United States. Understanding the relationship between optimism and religiosity may allow the creation of different strategies and therapy plans that help to maintain good mental and physical health for students studying aboard. A sample of 316 Saudi Arabian college students studying in United State were recruited. The sample was collected through an anonymous online survey through online sources e.g. WhatsApp, Facebook, Twitter, and Snapchat that reach Saudi communities in United States. Participants were asked to complete five questionnaires anonymously including: A Demographic questionnaire, Physical Health questionnaire, The Revised Life Orientation Test (LOT-R; Scheier, Carver, & Bridges, 1994), The Muslim Daily Religiosity Assessment Scale (MUDRAS; Olufadi, Y., 2016), and the Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS, Stewart-Brown & Janmohamed, 2008). For the first hypothesis, a correlational analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the scores for The Revised Life Orientation scale and The Muslim Daily Religiosity Assessment Scale. Results showed a significant positive relationship between dispositional optimism and Muslim religiosity. For second hypothesis, a correlational analysis was performed to assess the relationship between dispositional optimism and mental health. Results reveled that there was a significant positive relationship between dispositional optimism and mental health. Results for the third hypothesis showed a significant positive relationship between dispositional optimism and better mental health. In a fourth hypothesis a hierarchical regression was conducted to test that optimism (LOT-R Scores), Mental Health (WEMWBS Scores) and Physical health (Phy Scores) would predict religiosity (MUDRAS Scores). Mental health, physical health and disposition optimism were not found to have a significant impact on Muslim religiosity. As the fourth hypothesis was rejected it was decided to investigate the relationship of optimism as a mediator of religiosity, mental and physical health. Therefore, a hierarchical regression was conducted to test that religiosity, mental and physical health would predict dispositional optimism. Results showed that optimism significantly predicts mental health. There was a trend toward optimism predicting physical health but it was not significant. However, optimism did not significantly predict religiosity. Future research should be focused on a Saudi Arabian population who study and live in Saudi Arabia instead of the USA.22 0Item Restricted Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Media Policy in Protecting Social Media Users in Saudi Arabia from Hate Speech and Discriminatory Content: Transparency, Awareness, Trust, and Future Vision(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-08) Alghannam, Hussain Ali; Boyle, RaymondThis groundbreaking study delves into the effectiveness of media policies in Saudi Arabia in combating hate speech and discriminatory content on social media platforms. Through a comprehensive exploration of Saudi users' perspectives, this research measures exposure levels, evaluates awareness and trust in state-enacted policies, and gauges users' optimism for future developments. The integration of quantitative and qualitative methods provides a nuanced understanding of the data. Results indicate relatively low exposure to harmful content, with 66.48% reporting no encounter, yet 33.52% experienced such content. Qualitative insights reveal a consensus on defining hate speech, aligning with global perspectives. Awareness of policies is high but calls for intensified education emerged, emphasising the correlation between awareness and trust. Remarkably, 88.26% express confidence in Saudi media policies. Optimism about future policy development is widespread, with over 90% expressing positivity. Recommendations for future research include broader inclusion of stakeholders, comparative studies with other cultures, and exploring the dynamics of trust and awareness. This study contributes to media management research, emphasising the importance of effective policies in creating respectful and protective digital spaces. Despite its Saudi focus, the study's implications transcend borders, advocating for global collaboration in mitigating harmful online content.71 0Item Restricted The Intersection of Interiority and Gender in Virginia Woolf's Novels: A Study of Fear and Optimism in the Inner Lives of Women in the 1920s(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-10-16) Mulfi, Hind; Hornsby, AshaThis dissertation examines Virginia Woolf's works' complex interplay between gender, interiority, dread, and optimism, focusing on 1920s women. In the first chapter, we examine Woolf's female characters' fears and the social reasons that cause them. It claims that the First World War (WW1) and patriarchal society shaped 1920s women's emotions. The second chapter examines Woolf's optimism in multiple ways, including her depiction of women's changing roles and her rejection of patriarchal restraints as sources of hope and empowerment. Interiority here refers to Woolf's use of stream of consciousness and symbolism in Mrs. Dalloway and To the Lighthouse. Focusing on female characters in these writings, we learn how exterior circumstances cause anxiety and optimism in women's interior lives throughout this transitional era. This research reveals Virginia Woolf’s involvement with feminist issues is strongly based on her philosophical viewpoint and personal experiences as a woman. Her works provide essential insights into the search for a purpose in life and women’s roles in society. Woolf's writings reveal her female characters' innermost emotions and desires, demonstrating the delicate interplay between dread and optimism. She passionately fights for deconstructing patriarchal norms, pushing women to rewrite their history and publicly express their intelligence and creativity.27 0