Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted How effective are over-the-counter hearing aids for adults? A systematic review(University of Manchester, 2024) Almobarak, Aljoharah; Munro, KevinOBJECTIVE: Over-the-counter (OTC) hearing aids are designed to improve access and affordability by removing the need to involve an audiologist. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of OTC hearing aids for adults with mild-to-moderate hearing loss compared to conventional hearing aids or in the unaided condition. DESIGN: This review was pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023434820) and follows the PRISMA guidelines. STUDY SAMPLE: Thirteen studies were eligible to be included in this review after identifying 1201 records that were potentially related to the research question. RESULTS: The studies were compared based on the primary outcome of self-reported benefit and secondary outcomes, including speech intelligibility in quiet and in noise. In addition to other outcomes, including sound quality and adverse effects. The studies varied in quality from poor to excellent. CONCLUSION: The OTC outcomes were potentially promising. However, due to the lack of meta-analysis in this review and limited studies, a robust conclusion cannot be drawn.8 0Item Restricted Assessing the Effectiveness of Educational Interventions on Breast Cancer Knowledge, Practice Uptake and Beliefs Among Adult Saudi Women: A Systematic Review(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-29) Sahli, Maryam; Hopkins, RuthBackground: Several systematic evaluations have examined the importance of educational interventions in promoting breast cancer screening (BCS) and reducing the incidence of breast cancer (BC). However, studies have yet to evaluate these educational interventions comprehensively among Saudi women. Aim: This review sought to systematically assess the efficacy of various educational interventions in enhancing women’s knowledge, breast self-examination (BSE) practices, and beliefs of breast cancer Screening (BCS) in different regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Objectives: The research aimed to determine whether health education intervention programmes can increase the level of knowledge, BSE practice, and beliefs of BCS among women in Saudi Arabia and to identify the effective characteristics of these interventions in terms of the intervention’s duration, provider, strategies, theoretical framework and components (knowledge of BC, BSE uptake and health beliefs about BCS), and whether a one-component or multi-component approach is appropriate. Method: The study followed the Prospero protocol and utilised the Systematic Review guidelines and PICOSS inclusion and exclusion criteria. A comprehensive literature search used seven electronic databases: Scopus, Medline, CINHAL, EMBASA, Web of Science, ProQuest, and PsycInfo. In addition, a Google Scholar search and citation chaining from the included studies were conducted in June of 2023. Search terms were employed with AND and OR Boolean operators. Study type, intervention settings, country, region, intervention type and elements, sample size, age group, intervention duration, main finding, intervention effectiveness, data collection, delivery method, intervention sustainability, theoretical perspective (if applicable), and study limitations were described. Additionally, the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) was used to evaluate the data quality of the included studies. The intervention strategies and study characteristics were analysed using a qualitative synthesis narrative of the included studies’ data. Results: Eleven interventional investigations were reviewed in their entirety. Multiple intervention strategies based on theory and language were primarily implemented among adult Saudi women in university and workplace contexts. The defining characteristics of the educational interventions included the provider, duration and mode of delivery. Conclusion: Most studies on the efficacy of educational interventions revealed favourable outcomes regarding Saudi women’s knowledge, BSE practice and beliefs of BCS. Thus, potential educational interventions could increase BSE practice, knowledge and ideas among Saudi women. Recommendations: The educational intervention studies included in this review had numerous limitations, including heterogeneous research designs, intervention strategies and outcome measures. Consequently, future research and policies implementing educational interventions for BC among Saudi women should consider these implications.15 0Item Restricted Impact of Employee Motivation on Organizational Productivity(2022-09-18) Kabli, Abduallah M; Bournakis, IoannisNowadays, motivation is gaining an importance in organizations due to its impacts on profits of the organization. Employee motivation boost up the performance of an employee and overall effectiveness of the organization. Lack of motivation can often lead to poor organizational performance with low effectiveness of the workers. The core elements in running a highly productive organization are highly motivated and satisfied employees. The primary objective of the research is to identify the specific motivation factors, both intrinsic as well as extrinsic, based on theories of motivation, which have a compelling effect on job performance, effectiveness of the organization and ultimately levels of productivity at a workplace. The study adopted both primary and secondary research methods to collect, analyze and determine the impact of motivation factors on organizational productivity. A well structured online survey was used a main research tool which was administered to 100 respondents. Following the survey, the data was investigated through statistical graphs and charts. The results revealed that both intrinsic as well as extrinsic factors of motivation such as personal and professional growth, incentives and financial benefits and opportunity to growth as well as recognition have significant effects on effectiveness which leads to increase in productivity levels. Furthermore, this study recommended organizations need to emphasize upon examining the factors which motivate each employee to ensure their effectiveness rises.29 0