Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Prevalence and Risk Factors of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Infection in Saudi Arabia: An Extended Literature Review(SWANSEA UNIVERSITY, 2024-09-21) AlKhuraym, Nasser; Pockett, RhysAbstract The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a considerable public health risk worldwide, including in Saudi Arabia, where around 358 women are diagnosed each year, resulting in 179 fatalities due to HPV-related malignancies. More than 10.7 million women aged 15 and older are susceptible to HPV infection and its related malignancies. The prevalence of HPV among women in Saudi Arabia is estimated at 2.5%, with HPV-related malignancies constituting 72.4% of cases in the region. Sexual practices constitute a significant risk factor for HPV infections. Aim This comprehensive literature analysis seeks to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and its notable risk factors in women aged 12 to 40 years in Saudi Arabia. Methods The review methodology adhered to PRISMA recommendations, emphasising inclusion criteria for papers containing primary and secondary data for individuals at risk for HPV. The review utilised the POE framework for database searches, extracting data from 8 electronic databases, including Educational Research Information Centre (ERIC), Academic Search Complete, PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), SCOPUS, Science Direct, and Web of Science. The CASP critical appraisal technique was employed to evaluate the risk of bias in the selected studies. Results Eleven papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with 90% being cross-sectional and one being a cohort study. The prevalence rates of HPV in Saudi Arabia varied between 5.9% and 31.6%. Principal risk factors encompassed insufficient understanding of HPV vaccination, the knowledge of healthcare providers, and sociodemographic variables. Identified effective strategies included educational programs, regular HPV screening, and focused public health initiatives. Conclusion The review finds that HPV is a complex concern with diverse risk factors shaped by regional and sociodemographic variables. Additional investigation is required to examine the influence of sexual behaviours and sociodemographic factors on HPV transmission. This will facilitate the formulation and execution of public health policies to enhance HPV prevention and health outcomes in Saudi Arabia.11 0Item Restricted An investigation into prevalence reasons consequences and interventions in relation to alcohol consumption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-03) Hazazi, Yahya; McLaughlin, DerekBackground: Alcohol use poses complex public health challenges worldwide, although prevalence and patterns vary across cultural contexts. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), alcohol consumption is prohibited under Islamic Sharia law and is stigmatised socially, yet evidence indicates rising usage rates, particularly among youths. Aims and Objectives: This systematic review synthesised current findings regarding the prevalence of alcohol use in the KSA. It examined reasons, consequences, and interventions around alcohol use and aimed to integrate results from recent studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of this issue. Methodology: This study utilised a systematic review approach. The researcher searched for literature within the last 10 years on the following databases: Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Control Register of Trials, Google Scholar, BMC, Web of Science, and Science Direct. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies were included. Study quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Data extraction and thematic analysis were utilised to synthesise and analyse findings. Results: The review found evidence of increasing but underreported alcohol use in the KSA, with prevalence being highest among young adult males. Key themes identified included physical, mental, social, and academic consequences of alcohol use; the influence of familial, peer, emotional, and structural factors on use; issues relating to prohibition policies and their unintended consequences; and the need to address stigma and enhance screening and evidence-based treatment. The study categorised themes into five main categories: prevalence of alcohol use in the KSA, alcohol prohibition in the KSA, interventions and solutions regarding alcohol use, risk factors and reasons for alcohol use, and impacts of alcohol use in the KSA. Discussion and Implications: The review highlighted crucial information gaps around the prevalence of alcohol use in the KSA that require further investigation. Cultural stigma poses major barriers to prevention and treatment. Findings suggested the need for public messaging to increase awareness, capacity building 8 for screening and early intervention, training to reduce provider stigma, and improving access to culturally informed treatment services. A pragmatic, public health approach grounded in empathy and scientific evidence is required. Conclusion: This review contributed insights into the landscape of alcohol use in the KSA, while acknowledging limitations related to the small number of included studies. Further research is critical, but current evidence indicates a specific need for a multifaceted response spanning systemic, community and individual levels to mitigate the harms of problematic alcohol use in the Saudi population.90 0Item Restricted A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THEATRE-BASED INTERVENTIONS TO ADDRESS BULLYING IN THE UK, IRELAND, AND SAUDI ARABIA(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-01) Alharbi, Naif Ali; Edgar, StephenAbstract The current study explored the use and effectiveness of theatre-based interventions to address bullying in the UK, Ireland, and Saudi Arabia. The study adopted a comparative analysis, and data were collected from existing published sources. The data collected were thematically analysed. One crucial finding was that the UK and Ireland have many laws to address bullying, such as the UK’s Equality Act, 2010 and the Irish Children First Act, 2015. However, laws in Saudi Arabia have yet to be fully developed to specifically deal with school-based bullying. Theatre-based interventions, such as role-play and drama, were implemented in the UK and Ireland and were found to be effective in reducing bullying rates among learners. The interventions helped increase students’ knowledge of how to resist bullies and develop better social skills. The main success of theatre-based interventions involves the active involvement of teachers and students in theatre activities. Additionally, the major challenges affecting theatre-based interventions include teachers’ inadequate knowledge of dramatisation and the temporary nature of the positive impact of theatre-based interventions on student behaviour. A key recommendation from the study is that Saudi Arabia should promote drama workshops in schools to empower students and enable them to address bullying issues. Keywords: Bullying, theatre, interventions, Saudi Arabia, UK, Ireland, role-play14 0