Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Unknown أثر الادارة في الاسلام في استراتيجيات ادارة ألاعمال الدولية في شركات التأمين بالمملكة العربية السعودية - الحدود الشمالية(جامعة جرش, 2025) الصقري, عبدالرحمن عويد; فريحات, بهاء الدينأثر الإدارة في الإسلام في استراتيجيات إدارة الأعمال الدولية في شركات التأمين بالمملكة العربية السعودية- منطقة الحدود الشمالية15 0Item Unknown أثر متطلبات تطبيق إدارة المعرفة في بناء المنظمة الذكية (دراسة تطبيقية على تجمع الحدود الشمالية الصحي بالمملكة العربية السعودية)(جامعة جدارا, 2025) العنزي, دسيم; الزعبي, عليأثر متطلبات تطبيق إدارة المعرفة في بناء المنظمة الذكية (دراسة تطبيقية على تجمع الحدود الشمالية الصحي بالمملكة العربية السعودية)8 0Item Unknown أثر ذكاء الأعمال على كفاءة العمليات التشغيلية في مصانع الألبان السعودية(عجلون الوطنية, 2025) المنديل، أحمد; الحياصات، وائلهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على أثر ذكاء الأعمالبأبعاده (تجميع وتحليل البيانات، المعالجة الآلية للبيانات، تقييم اداء الاعمال) على كفاءة العمليات التشغيلية بأبعادها (التحسين المستمر، تقليل التكاليف، المحافظة على المخزون) في اربع مصانع الألبان شمال المملكة العربية السعودية، اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لملاءمته لطبيعة المشكلة البحثية، وقد تم توزيع الاستبانات على عينة عشوائية بسيطة من العاملين في إدارات التشغيل والتحليل المؤسسي في تلك المصانع، تمثل مجتمع الدراسة من العاملين في عدد من مصانع الألبان والبالغ عددهم 3850، وتم اختيار عينة مكونة من 386مفردة، حيث تم تحليل البيانات من خلال برنامج SPSS، وبعدة أساليب إحصائية، منها الإنحدار المتعدد والبسيط واختبارات المتوسطات. وتم الاعتماد على الاستبانة كأداةللدراسة وتم التاكد من صدقها وثباتها، حيث توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج من أبرزها: وجود أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى () لأبعاد ذكاء الأعمال مجتمعة (تجميع وتحليل البيانات، المعالجة الآلية، تقييم الأداء) على أبعاد كفاءة العمليات التشغيلية (التحسين المستمر، تقليل التكاليف، المحافظة على المخزون)، وأوصت الدراسة بضرورة أن تتبنى المؤسسات أنظمة ذكاء أعمال متكاملة، تعتمد على البيانات الواقعية المحدثة وتوفر أدوات تحليل فوري، لتكون مرجعية رئيسية عند اتخاذ القرارات اليومية والاستراتيجية، وتعزيز ثقافة البيانات داخل المؤسسة، بحيث لا تقتصر مسؤولية التحليل على قسم تكنولوجيا المعلومات أو الإدارة العليا، بل تصبح جزءًا من ممارسات جميع الأقسام، خصوصًا الأقسام التشغيلية12 0Item Restricted Characterisation of new-onset chronic musculoskeletal pain in Long COVID(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Khoja, Omar; Sivan, Manoj; Astill, Sarah; Tan, Ai Lyn; Mulvey, MatthewNew-onset chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is a prevalent and debilitating symptom of Long COVID (LC) that impacts individuals’ quality of life. Understanding this novel pain is crucial for developing appropriate treatment approaches. The main aim of this research was to comprehensively explore the clinical characteristics, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and natural progression of new-onset chronic MSK pain in LC. A literature review was conducted to identify existing knowledge and research gaps regarding new-onset chronic MSK pain in LC. This review informed the study’s design, which focused on exploring detailed pain, the characteristics of the new-onset chronic pain, and tracking its progression over time. Cross-sectional data from the baseline timepoint indicated that new-onset chronic MSK pain is often widespread, constant, and associated with general weakness, functional reduction, depression, anxiety, and diminished quality of life, with underlying mechanisms of central sensitisation and pro-inflammatory state. Longitudinal data collected at multiple timepoints tracked the changes and progression of the novel pain syndrome over time, offering insights into its natural history and evolution. The data revealed that pain severity remained stable despite reduced inflammation levels over the study period, which could be attributed to prolonged early-stage inflammation that potentially sensitised the nervous system, leaving a residual effect of central sensitisation. Applying the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) revealed that 72.2% of assessed participants met the FMS criteria. This finding underscores the overlap between FMS and new-onset chronic MSK pain in LC and supports the hypothesis that FMS may develop as a long-term sequela of a viral infection, Studying MSK pain in LC also offers an opportunity to understand FMS symptoms, highlighting the need for further research into exploring the link between FMS and post-infection sequelae. In summary, this thesis provides new insights into the development of evolution of new-onset chronic MSK pain after COVID-19 infection. The findings will inform clinical practice, advance care and guide future research in this area.6 0Item Restricted Comparison of the mycobiome of the homes and respiratory secretions of patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alanazi, Ahlam; Richardson, MalcolmIndoor environments, such as homes, contain a variety of microbial communities, with airborne fungi serving as a significant source of indoor micobiome associated with numerous fungal diseases. House dust serves as a valuable matrix for microbial analysis, functioning as a long-term reservoir for airborne fungal spores and representing the microbiological history of patients' homes. Inhalation of mould is linked to respiratory health problems, as the mucus in the respiratory tract creates an environment suitable to fungal growth.Thus, studying the microbial community in household dust is crucial for understanding its impact on human respiratory health. The rapid progress in DNA sequencing technology has intensified research into the relationships between human-associated fungal diversity and that found in house dust within indoor environments. This study aims to compare the diversity of environmental and pathogenic fungi in house dust with environmental and allergenic fungi in sputum samples from patients with chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). Microbial populations in household dust of individuals with fungal infections were assayed by culture as well as by Next Generation Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The ITS1 and β-tubulin gene regions were targeted to characterise the fungal communities in dust and sputum samples. The sequence data generated via Illumina MiSeq were processed using QIIME v1.8 software which provided useful information about the fungal communities represented in each sample, with statistical tools to evaluate microbial diversity through alpha and beta diversity metrics. NGS microbiome analysis has been successful in identifying unknown or hard to culture fungi in indoor environments, with a particular abundance of xerophilic species detected through ITS and β-tubulin sequencing. Among these, Aspergillus penicillioides and Aspergillus candidus, known to produce allergens, were commonly found and are implicated in the development of allergic diseases.Our findings indicate that fungal diversity in dust samples was significantly higher than in sputum samples, suggesting that sputum acts as a selective environment, potentially excluding fungi that unable to grow at higher moisture and temperature conditions than those typical for household dust. This study contributes to our understanding of how indoor fungal communities intersect with human respiratory health and highlights the selective nature of respiratory environments for fungal survival.17 0Item Restricted Predicting Delayed Flights for International Airports Using Artificial Intelligence Models & Techniques(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alsharif, Waleed; MHallah, RymDelayed flights are a pervasive challenge in the aviation industry, significantly impacting operational efficiency, passenger satisfaction, and economic costs. This thesis aims to develop predictive models that demonstrate strong performance and reliability, capable of maintaining high accuracy within the tested dataset and showcasing potential for application in various real-world aviation scenarios. These models leverage advanced artificial intelligence and deep learning techniques to address the complexity of predicting delayed flights. The study evaluates the performance of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and their hybrid model (LSTM-CNN), which combine temporal and spatial pattern analysis, alongside Large Language Models (LLM, specifically OpenAI's Babbage model), which excel in processing structured and unstructured text data. Additionally, the research introduces a unified machine learning framework utilizing Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) for regression and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) for classification, aimed at estimating both flight delay durations and their underlying causes. The models were tested on high-dimensional datasets from John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), and a synthetic dataset from King Abdulaziz International Airport (KAIA). Among the evaluated models, the hybrid LSTM-CNN model demonstrated the best performance, achieving 99.91% prediction accuracy with a prediction time of 2.18 seconds, outperforming the GBM model (98.5% accuracy, 6.75 seconds) and LGBM (99.99% precision, 4.88 seconds). Additionally, GBM achieved a strong correlation score (R² = 0.9086) in predicting delay durations, while LGBM exhibited exceptionally high precision (99.99%) in identifying delay causes. Results indicated that National Aviation System delays (correlation: 0.600), carrier-related delays (0.561), and late aircraft arrivals (0.519) were the most significant contributors, while weather factors played a moderate role. These findings underscore the exceptional accuracy and efficiency of LSTM-CNN, establishing it as the optimal model for predicting delayed flights due to its superior performance and speed. The study highlights the potential for integrating LSTM-CNN into real-time airport management systems, enhancing operational efficiency and decision-making while paving the way for smarter, AI-driven air traffic systems.4 0Item Restricted Gender Differences in Arterial Stiffness Using Shear Wave Elastography(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alneghaimishi, Khalid; Farid Aslam, MohammedBackground: Arterial stiffness is a recognized marker of vascular aging and an early predictor of cardiovascular disease. Previous research suggests that both biological sex and age influence arterial wall properties; however, limited studies have evaluated these differences using advanced ultrasound imaging techniques. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a novel, non-invasive modality capable of assessing localized arterial stiffness in real time. Aim: This study aimed to investigate sex- and age-related differences in carotid arterial stiffness among healthy individuals using SWE, and to evaluate the reproducibility of the technique through intra- and inter-observer variability analysis. Methods: A total of 30 healthy participants (15 males and 15 females), aged 18–63 years, were recruited. SWE measurements were obtained 10 mm proximal to the carotid bifurcation. Participants were grouped by sex and by age (below and above 40 years). Intra- and inter-observer variability was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Bland Altman plots, and paired t-tests. Results: Males demonstrated higher carotid stiffness values compared to females, and participants over 40 years exhibited greater stiffness than younger individuals. SWE showed excellent intra- and inter observer reproducibility (ICC > 0.95), confirming its reliability in measuring vascular stiffness. Although some differences were not statistically significant, observed trends aligned with previous literature. Conclusion: The study supports the use of SWE as a reliable method for assessing arterial stiffness and highlights the influence of both sex and age on vascular health. These findings emphasize the need for individualized cardiovascular risk assessments and the potential of SWE in preventive vascular screening.20 0Item Restricted An NLP-Driven Framework for Business Email Compromise Detection and Authorship Verifcation(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Almutairi, Amirah; AlHashimy, Nawfal; Kang, BooJoongBusiness Email Compromise (BEC) presents a critical cybersecurity threat, leveraging linguistic impersonation and social engineering rather than traditional malicious payloads. These attacks routinely evade conventional flters by mimicking legitimate communication styles and exploiting trusted identities. This thesis explores content-based detection strategies for BEC using a sequence of natural language processing (NLP) models. First, it proposes a transformer-based classifer to detect semantic indicators of deception in email body text. Second, it develops a Siamese authorship verifcation (AV) model that captures stylistic consistency, even under adversarial mimicry. These components are unifed within a multi-task learning (MTL) framework that simultaneously optimizes for BEC detection and AV by sharing underlying representations while preserving task-specifc objectives. To support empirical evaluation, a structured taxonomy of BEC fraud is introduced, and a synthetic email dataset is generated through prompt-guided language model fne-tuning and human validation. Experiments on combined real and synthetic corpora demonstrate that the MTL model achieves up to 97% F1-score in BEC detection and 93% in AV, outperforming transfer learning baseline while reducing false positives and computational overhead. This work contributes a principled, modular, and extensible framework for enhancing email security through joint semantic and stylistic analysis, addressing gaps in current defenses against sophisticated impersonation attacks.6 0Item Restricted The Literature and Journalism of Nineteenth-Century Poverty: Charles Dickens and Henry Mayhew(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Allihyani, Mohammed; Scott, Rebekah; Rounce, AdamThe representation of the urban poor in Victorian literature and journalism was shaped by the rise of realism as a literary form. Charles Dickens and Henry Mayhew, though working in different genres — novels and nonfiction — both employed realist techniques to depict the struggles of the underclass in nineteenth-century London. Oliver Twist (1837–39) and London Labour and the London Poor (1851) are key examples of how realism functioned as both a formal strategy and a vehicle for social critique. The works of both authors influenced contemporary and historical perceptions of poverty in England. Dickens’s stylistic realism in Oliver Twist combines vivid social detail, sharply drawn characters, and the techniques of melodrama to make poverty visceral and morally urgent for his readers. His depiction of workhouses, child labour, and the criminal underworld draws on real conditions, but includes his own narrative interventions for emotional effect. Scholars such as Susan Zlotnick (2006) highlight how Oliver Twist documents the social consequences of the 1834 Poor Law, exposing its dehumanising impact on orphans. More pointedly, Michal Peled Ginsburg (1987) argues that Dickens’s realism is not neutral. Rather, Dickens presents details and characters in ways that invite and mould readerly sympathy. Dickens’s novels thus construct a moralised realism that reinforces Victorian ideas of poverty as both a systemic failure and an individual test of character. In contrast, Mayhew’s documentary realism in London Labour is grounded in journalistic reportage and ethnographic observation. His firsthand interviews, statistical data, and direct testimonies provide one of the earliest systematic studies of the urban underclass. Here, Mayhew documents the lives of costermongers, street-sellers, beggars, and prostitutes with whom he directly interacts. Scholars such as Richard Maxwell (1978) and Barbara Leckie (2020) argue that Mayhew’s realism is immersive, capturing not just material struggles but also the occupational structures and survival strategies of the poor. Unlike Dickens, who fictionalised characters for dramatic effect, Mayhew sought to preserve the authenticity of individual voices, an approach Bryan S. Green (2002) describes as an early attempt at ethnographic neutrality. However, Mayhew does not merely document poverty through statistics; rather, he humanises data by embedding numerical findings within detailed personal testimonies. By combining empirical research with rich narrative storytelling, he presents social data in terms of lived experiences, making the plight of the poor immediate, emotionally resonant, and deeply individualised for his readers. Despite their differing ways of deploying the hallmarks of literary realism, Dickens and Mayhew together redefined Victorian perceptions of poverty by bringing the urban underclass into mainstream discourse. This study challenges the assumption that fiction and journalism exist in separate spheres, showing instead that their works are mutually reinforcing. Mayhew’s investigative findings informed Dickens’s fictional depictions of street life, while Mayhew’s documentary style borrowed narrative structuring and literary characterisation to heighten emotional impact. This research contributes to Victorian studies by illustrating the interplay and mutual influence of literature and reportage. Oliver Twist and London Labour did not merely reflect urban realities, but consciously leveraged literary realism to stir emotions, support specific social ideologies, and advocate for change. Dickens’s melodramatic realism shaped middle-class perceptions of workhouses and juvenile criminality, while Mayhew’s ethnographic realism provided unprecedented documentary insights into the daily ordeals of the London poor. Both authors show that realism is neither purely descriptive nor politically neutral; it is intertwined with broader ideological and narrative goals. Comparing Dickens’s literary realism to Mayhew’s documentary realism further complicates the line between imaginative storytelling and empirical observation. Each employs a hybrid of methods – Dickens weaving social facts into emotive fiction, Mayhew interspersing data collection with narrative flair. Ultimately, no single genre fully captures the complexity of Victorian poverty; rather, a synthesis of their approaches reveals how sentimentality and statistics, pathos and reportage, intersect to create a fuller picture of how the poor were imagined, recorded, and remembered, in the Victorian era and beyond. This analysis reinforces the idea that realism operated as both a literary device and a cultural force, shaping our contemporary views on social inequality, historical narrative, and the shared ground of literary and journalistic authority.11 0Item Restricted Genomics of Mouse Molar Tooth Development(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alqahtani, Atheer Ali; Lu, Grace; Cobourne, Martyn; Seppala, MaisaOdontogenesis is consistent with the sequential morphological stages observed in mammalian organogenesis, making it an excellent system to study the organogenesis processes. Using RNA-seq, this study analysed transcriptomic dynamics during critical stages of mouse molar development (bud, cap, and bell), where data were collected from wild-type mouse embryos at embryonic days, and identified both substantial temporal changes in gene expression reflecting important morphogenetic transitions as well as the occurrence of cellular differentiation processes. Using the Galaxy platform, the study found extensive regulation of genes between developmental stages, suggesting complex spatiotemporal control. Gene expression changes between bud and bell were more pronounced than between transitions involving an intermediate leaf phenotype. Similar transcriptional changes were highlighted in their intensity and directionality by DESeq2-generated volcano plots and MA plots using Galaxy software, indicating that dynamic cellular activity occurs within developing tooth germs. Representative transcription factors and signalling pathways such as Wnt, BMP, FGF and SHH were found to be highly enriched, supporting their previously established regulatory roles in tooth morphogenesis. STRING-based protein interaction networks further defined the functional gene modules that are key to appropriate progression through development. The analysis identified key nodes, including Pitx2, Lef1 and Wnt10a, which are consistent with known roles in odontogenesis. Comparisons with existing literature confirmed patterns of gene expression, particularly relevant to previously published single-cell RNA-seq studies, indicating epithelial cell-type specificity and mesenchymal interactions during tooth formation. These findings reaffirm the importance of transcriptional dynamics in the temporal context of enamel knot formation and cusp patterning, which are essential to proper molar morphology. This study makes a significant contribution to the understanding of the molecular basis of tooth morphogenesis and organogenesis. These findings may have future applications to the treatment of developmental genetic disorders of teeth, regenerative dentistry, and evolutionary biology. Additional studies with single-cell resolution, proteomic verification, and high-throughput functional experiments are suggested to confirm these regulatory networks and provide more mechanistic details.3 0