Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Restricted Evaluating an Innovative Artifact-Resistant Marker-Based Registration Method for CBCT-Guided Implant Planning(University of Connecticut, 2024) Buholayka, Maryam; Tadinada, Aditya; Lurie, Alan G; Dhingra, Ajay KObjective: Radiographic guides are instrumental for the digital design of surgical guides in image-guided dental implantology. These radiographic guides are used as part of the digital-workflow to couple dental anatomy and occlusion with the bony anatomy of the implant site, which is obtained using CBCT. A key step of the coupling process is called registration, which can be achieved using various methods. Unfortunately, all these methods present technical shortcomings that are specially exacerbated when CBCT images present metal or beam-hardening artifacts. The objective of this research was to evaluate a novel, artifact-resistant registration method using the principles of 2D orthogonal-imaging with fiducial markers for image-guided implant planning. Study Design: This in-vitro study included five scenarios with varying levels of image artifacts (absent, minimal, mild, moderate, and severe); where a radiographic guide was registered with (1) a widely used conventional registration method, and (2) the proposed marker-based orthogonal-imaging registration method. A paired student’s T test and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. Three evaluators (OMFR residents) performed both registration methods in order to evaluate inter-operator reliability using ICC scores. Results: Both the surface-based and proposed marker-based registration methods presented high reliability, with ICC scores of 0.88 and 0.99 respectively, and consistent results at all artifact levels. The accuracy of the proposed orthogonal-imaging marker-based method (0.00018 mm) was significantly better (p > 0.0001) compared to the surface-based registration method (0.175 mm). Conclusion: The use of orthogonal-imaging for radiographic guide registration in dental implantology has the potential to reduce registration error by an order of magnitude. This increased accuracy has the potential to improve implant placement; especially in complex cases. Furthermore, this novel method should be easy to implement clinically by utilizing the projection (i.e., basis) images that are routinely acquired for CBCT imaging.20 0Item Restricted Service evaluation of care planning of Endodontic-Periodontal lesion (EPL) without root damage based on clinical and radiographic findings and the outcome of the care planning(King's College London, 2024) Alfuraih, Norah; Niazi, SadiaAims: 1- To evaluate the accuracy between the clinical and radiographic assessment using PA and CBCT scan of endodontic-periodontal lesions (EPLs). 2- To characterize the clinical and radiographic findings of grade 1, 2 and 3 of EPL without root as per Herrera et al., (2017) EPL Classification. 3- Based on the clinical and radiographic assessment determine the treatment planning of Grade 1, 2 and 3 EPL. Methodology: The service evaluation was carried out for the patients referred from the periodontal new patient consultant clinic and assessed in the Endodontic-Periodontics clinic at Guy’s Hospital, Guy’s and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust. This service evaluation was carried out between March 2022- November 2023. All the information obtained were anonymized and transferred to an Excel spreadsheet. Data collected were analyzed using IBM SPSS. Chi2 test is used to compare the homogeneity of proportions of categories of care planning through levels of a second variable. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare distributions of an ordinal variable through different treatment options. Spearman´s correlation was used to assess the non-linear association between variables. Paired t-test was used to compare means of measurements taken with two techniques or methods in the same tooth (or root). Linearly weighted kappa´s index was used to assess the level of concordance between two parallel ordinal classifications. McNemar´s test was used to investigate about a preferent direction of discrepancies. Results: A total of 61 teeth with EPL were examined to establish the optimal care planning. 30 out of 61 teeth were 1st molars (49.2%). 100% of the patients had periodontitis, in which 75% had generalized periodontitis. 72% of the teeth were 4 diagnosed with EPL Grade 3. 63.3% of the teeth diagnosed with EPL grade 3 had bone loss extended beyond the apical third. 38.7% showed an extensive circumferential bone loss exceeding 270. Extraction and root canal treatment (RCT) followed by non-surgical periodontal therapy were the two most prevalent therapeutic approaches, accounting for approximately 69% of all cases. However, in some cases where RCT and NSPT intervention were initially implemented, subsequent periodontal re-assessment revealed persistent pocketing, prompting the surgical periodontal intervention. Conclusion: The new EPL classification by Herrera (2018) provides limited information required for care-planning of these complex cases, whereas additional radiographic classification using CBCT scan is helpful in more defined care planning for such cases.21 0Item Restricted Comparison of the maxillary sinus volume in different craniofacial vertical growth patterns: CBCT Study(Jacksonville University, 2024) Almazroua, Dalal; Tabbaa, Sawsan; Aras, Isil; Tormena, RemaoObjective: This study aimed to compare maxillary sinus volume across different craniofacial vertical growth patterns using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive, observational cohort study, 90 participants from the Jacksonville University School of Orthodontics clinic were evaluated. Subjects were categorized based on skeletal vertical facial growth patterns (high-angle, low-angle, normal-angle) using the SN-GoGn angle and assessed for anteroposterior skeletal type with ANB and Wits appraisal. Maxillary sinus volume (MSV) was measured using DICOM files analyzed usning Dolphin Imaging software. Statistical analyses, including one-way ANOVA and t-tests, were employed to compare MSV across different growth patterns, ANB and Wits classifications, and other variables. Results: The study demonstrated a significant difference in MSV between genders, with males showing larger volumes than females. No significant variations were found in MSV related to vertical growth pattern, dental classifications (ANB and Wits Appraisal), ethnicity, Y-axis, Mandibular Plane Angle (MPA), or Occlusal Plane. Conclusion: Gender significantly influences maxillary sinus volume, whereas other studied variables like vertical growth pattern and dental classifications show no significant impact.22 0Item Restricted Three-Dimensional Evaluation Of Root Resorption After Maxillary Orthognathic Surgery(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-10-20) Alqahtani, Khalid Ayidh; Jacobs, ReinhildeThe majority of studies assessing root changes following maxillary orthognathic surgery in conjunction with orthodontic treatment have been either short-term or two dimensionally assessed, which is prone to human error. There is no standard 3D protocol for objectively quantifying root changes. This doctoral thesis aimed to present and validate a novel automated approach for objectively quantifying linear and volumetric root changes on CBCT images following combined orthodontic-orthognathic surgical treatment.31 0Item Restricted A CBCT Investigation of Morphological Integration, Cervical Spine Non-Segmentation, and Volumetric Maxillary Sinus Association with Dental Impactions(Saudi Digital Library, 2022-06-14) Alhazmi, Daniah; Rengasamy Venugopalan, Shankar; Allareddy, Trishul V; Vora, Siddharth R.; Anamali, Sindhura; Cao, Huojun; Xie, Xian JinA deeper understanding of the craniofacial growth and development is an essential part of successful orthodontic treatment. The growth and development of craniofacial region is impacted by genetic, environmental, and interaction between genetic-environmental factors. Often times there is integration between different anatomical structures, and they influence each other during the ontogeny of craniofacial skeleton. Thus, there is a critical need to understand the role of these anatomical structures and how they might impact each other. Therefore, our aims in this study are: aim1: investigate whether there is developmental integration of the inferior alveolar nerve canal shape and the mandibular shape as well as the presence of asymmetry between right and left sides, aim2: investigate the prevalence and the morphology of cervical spine non-segmentation in CBCT scans taken for dental reasons, aim3: determine the association between impacted maxillary canines and premolars with the maxillary sinus and pharyngeal airway volumes. The study was conducted under The University of Iowa Institutional Review Board approval (#201601798). For all three aims, CBCT scans were retrieved from the archived database in the Department of Oral Pathology, Radiology, and Medicine the University of Iowa. For aim1, we selected 80 CBCT scans based on the following inclusion criteria: subject of 16 years old or older, no more than 6 missing teeth, interincisal distance ≤ 3 mm, no pathosis associated with the mandible, full head CBCT scans with no artifacts or obstructions in the field of view. For aim 2, we retrieved CBCT scans with known cases of non-segmentation using the following inclusion criteria: subjects aged ≥ 6 years, good imaging quality of CBCT scans, and non-syndromic patients. Aim 3, we selected 70 CBCT scans per study group (cases and controls) using the following inclusion criteria: patient aged ≥ 9 years, good imaging quality of CBCT scan, and a full head CBCT scan volume. Then, on the basis of eruption status of maxillary canine or premolar, we divided the selected CBCT scans into the following two groups: 1) the case group with an impacted tooth/tooth, and 2) the control group with normally erupted teeth. We used appropriate statistical tests to analyze the data. For aim1, we found that mandibular shape and IANC shape were strongly statistically significantly integrated (p < 0.001, rPLS=0.844); there was statistically significant (p<0.001) directional asymmetry in mandibular and IANC shape. Aim2, we found amongst the 110 CBCT (0.81%) scans with cervical spine non-segmentation 77.2% showed partial non-segmentation and 22.7% showed complete non-segmentation. For aim3, we found that the maxillary sinus volume in the impaction group is significantly smaller than one in the control group (p=0.048). While, no statistically significant difference between case group and control group in pharyngeal airway volume was identified.13 0