Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted PARENTS’ OPINIONS ON USING APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) TO INCREASE NEUROTYPICALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN’S LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY(Oakland University, 2024) Faheem, Ahlam; Korneder, JessicaPhysical activity is important to reduce the risk of several diseases and in some cases death. Early childhood theorists stressed the importance of physical activity, lowering its cost, and rewarding physical movements. ABA interventions were an essential part of this paper because of its importance in altering the behavior and keeping the desired change even after the intervention. In general, parents and teachers’ motivations and engagement with children were the most effective way to increase physical activity in both ABA and ECE articles. Results of this research found that general knowledge of ABA is low and there is a need to increase ABA awareness and usage in the society before directing toward specific interventions. Finally, the cost of ABA interventions without insurance coverage is astronomical, yet all children have the right to receive behavioral treatments and live in an altered environment that ensure them the best overall development.9 0Item Restricted PARENTS’ OPINIONS ON USING APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS (ABA) TO INCREASE NEUROTYPICALLY DEVELOPING CHILDREN’S LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY(Oakland University, 2024) Faheem, Ahlam; Korneder، JessicaPhysical activity is important to reduce the risk of several diseases and in some cases death. Early childhood theorists stressed the importance of physical activity, lowering its cost, and rewarding physical movements. ABA interventions were an essential part of this paper because of its importance in altering the behavior and keeping the desired change even after the intervention. In general, parents and teachers’ motivations and engagement with children were the most effective way to increase physical activity in both ABA and ECE articles. Results of this research found that general knowledge of ABA is low and there is a need to increase ABA awareness and usage in the society before directing toward specific interventions. Finally, the cost of ABA interventions without insurance coverage is astronomical, yet all children have the right to receive behavioral treatments and live in an altered environment that ensure them the best overall development.19 0Item Restricted Inquiry-Based Teaching of Science in the Saudi Kindergarten Classroom: A Multi-Case Study of Early Childhood Educators’ Attitudes and Practices(University of South Florida, 2024-02) Alawthah, Intisar; Berson, IleneThe aim of this qualitative multiple case study was to understand three Saudi kindergarten teachers ’attitudes toward enacting inquiry to teach science in the kindergarten classroom. This study was guided by two research questions: 1) What attitudes do Saudi kindergarten teachers hold about using inquiry to teach science in their classrooms? 2) How do Saudi kindergarten teachers enact inquiry in their science teaching in the Saudi context? This case study helped to understand Saudi kindergarten teachers’ attitude toward using it in the kindergarten classroom and clarified how Saudi kindergarten teachers enact inquiry to teach young children science in their classroom. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews with each Saudi kindergarten teacher and through observations of classroom setting. The theoretical framework utilized in this study is the Rogoff’s Sociocultural Theory (2003; 1995; 2008). Sociocultural theory emphasized the importance of cultural contexts in all educational domains. In this study, I adopted a Stake’s (2006) multi-case analysis method as it allowed me to analyze the data individually, then comprehensively. The data were thematically analyzed manually for all cases. The results show that teachers’ background experience, Saudi Arabian cultural norms, values, and institutional rules shaped the teachers' attitudes and enactment of the inquiry method to teach science in kinder classrooms. In general, the teachers had positive attitudes towards the inquiry method. However, the participants’ believe, though, ideas and understanding of the inquiry method for teaching science revolved around a teacher-centered attitudes. The teachers were occupied a dominant role when using the inquiry method to teach science. The teachers' teaching practices focused on them; hence, they viewed their the role in this method as the knowledgeable person who asks questions and gave guidance throughout the lesson, while the role of the children was to provide answers and participate in the inquiry experiments under supervision. This study contributed to the current research gap pertaining to Saudi kindergarten teachers’ experiences and attitudes towards using inquiry methods in teaching science in the Saudi kindergarten classrooms. This study holds significant implications for Saudi kindergarten education, system, policy, and educators by providing them with professional development, training sessions, and best-practices.68 0Item Restricted An Exploration of the Role of Virtual Reality in Early Childhood: A Qualitative Study Focusing on Parents’ and Carers’ Perspectives(2023-07-04) Abdulkareem, Mai; Himonides, Evangelos; Purves, RossThis study aims to investigate the potential role of virtual reality (VR) in the early childhood development (ages four to six) of Saudi children based on a qualitative approach: subjective data were collected by interviewing 20 parents or carers of Saudi children who use VR. Each child’s parents or carers were selected for interview as a couple. A semi-structured interview was held with each mother, father or carer. Traditional views in Saudi Arabia were compared with those of Saudis living in the UK, which has a different culture. Participants reported some positive effects of VR on their children: they perceived it as a source of distraction from pain and fear, in some cases at the physiological level. Participants considered VR to be beneficial for developing cognitive and academic skills, self-awareness, self-confidence and empathy. VR also improved self-regulation at the emotional and behavioural levels, including attention control, working memory, impulse inhibition, waiting for one’s turn and task completion. However, participants also reported adverse effects, indicating specific health risks, false memories and addiction at the physiological level; reservations existed concerning inappropriate content at the cognitive level. Other undesirable effects attributed to VR included social isolation, inability to control emotional expression at the emotional and social levels and encouragement of anger at the behavioural level. These results indicate that VR is a viable choice for young children, though adult supervision is still required. However, they also offer a warning about the effects that may result from VR overuse or misuse. The study also showed a lack of meaningful content and variety in commercial VR games, and thus it would benefit from the participation of educators and specialists in developing design strategies. This project represents a novel preliminary approach for future research concerning the influence of VR on the essential aspects of early childhood development.59 0