Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://drepo.sdl.edu.sa/handle/20.500.14154/10
Browse
5 results
Search Results
Item Restricted Tailored Exercise Interventions for Chronic Pain Management across Different Age Groups(University of Strathclyde, 2024) Alkhaldi, Bassam; Prior, ChrisA common ailment that severely reduces people's quality of life and capacity for function is chronic pain, especially in older adults. Traditional pharmaceutical approaches often fail to provide comprehensive relief and are associated with adverse effects. As a result, there is rising interest in non-pharmacological therapies, especially those based on exercise and customised for various age groups. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of age-appropriate exercise interventions in managing chronic pain and improving functional outcomes, while exploring the potential integration of digital health technologies. A comprehensive review and analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted, focusing on studies that examined various exercise interventions for chronic pain management across different age groups. The interventions included structured exercise programmes, aquatic therapy, Pilates, core stabilisation exercises, and supervised exercise therapy. The studies were critically analysed for their methodologies, participant demographics, specific interventions and outcomes related to pain management and functional improvements. The analysis revealed that age-appropriate and tailored exercise interventions significantly reduced pain intensity and improved functional outcomes across all age groups studied. For example, combining increased physical activity with structured exercise showed significant benefits in decreasing chronic pain in older persons. Therapeutic aquatic exercises and Pilates were particularly effective in enhancing proprioception, balance, and muscle strength, contributing to reduced pain and improved daily functioning. Supervised exercise therapy showed notable improvements in muscle strength and endurance, with high patient satisfaction levels. Additionally, core stabilisation exercises were found to significantly reduce pain and enhance core muscle function. The findings affirm the hypothesis that tailored and supervised exercise programmes are effective in managing chronic pain across different age groups. However, the variability in individual responses underscores the need for personalised approaches. Future research should focus on refining these interventions, exploring digital health applications, and evaluating integrative approaches that combine physical, psychological, and educational components. Such holistic strategies hold promise for improving the quality of life for individuals suffering from chronic pain, offering a comprehensive and patient-centred approach to pain management.15 0Item Restricted ANTENATAL EXERCISE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG SAUDI PREGNANT WOMEN(George Mason University, 2024) Alhajiri, Donna Nassir; Oh, Kyeung MiBackground: Regular physical exercise during pregnancy can help reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the fetus. Globally, women’s exercise during pregnancy is low and decreases as pregnancy progresses. In Saudi Arabia, women’s antenatal exercise practices are understudied. There is an increase in women’s obesity and pregnancy-related weight gain, a lack of health counseling, and a lack of antenatal exercise guidelines. There is a need to explore the level of antenatal exercise and its associated factors. The findings can be used to develop culturally appropriate antenatal exercise education and counseling programs for Saudi pregnant women. Purpose of the study: To assess antenatal exercise adherence to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) exercise during pregnancy guidelines and its associated factors among Saudi pregnant women. Method: This is an exploratory, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. Data was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. The target population of this study was Saudi pregnant women. A convenient sampling method was used to include women 18 to 45 years old, living in the eastern province with a single, alive fetus and a normal pregnancy, naturally conceived, and who can read and write in Arabic. Exclusion criteria were women with a high-risk pregnancy, a medical problem except for diabetes mellitus, a psychological condition, or a mental or physical disability. In an exploratory manner, facilitators, and barriers as independent variables on intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental, organizational, and policy levels were included to assess their associations with antenatal exercise. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study sample’s characteristics, women’s levels of knowledge, attitude, and adherence to the ACOG antenatal exercise guidelines, in addition to antenatal exercise facilitators, and barriers on intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental, organizational, and policy levels. Bivariate relationships between antenatal exercise and its associated factors were assessed using the independent t-tests and Chi-square tests. Finally, the associations of demographic characteristics, women’s knowledge, attitude, antenatal exercise facilitators, and barriers on intrapersonal, interpersonal, environmental, organizational, and policy levels factors with antenatal exercise were assessed using logistic regression analyses after assessing the assumptions. Statistical significance was tested at p ˂0.05.61 0Item Restricted LIPOCALIN-2 (LCN-2) IS A NOVEL MYOKINE THAT REDUCES LIPID ACCUMULATION AND INDUCES LIPOLYSIS IN ADIPOCYTES(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-10-15) Alsolami, Areej M; Bennett, Andrew J; Tsintzas, KostasLCN-2 is an acute phase protein, first identified as an adipokine secreted by adipose tissue. Contradictory experimental results show that LCN-2 is involved in pro- and anti-inflammatory states and can both increase and decrease insulin resistance. However, whilst the Lipocalin-2 protein is widely expressed in several tissues/cells, its expression has been poorly studied in skeletal muscle. Experiments in FRAME lab have demonstrated that the mRNA expression of LCN-2 is increased after exercise post 3-hr in vivo in 3 partipiants out of 6, and therefore its role in skeletal muscle following exercise needs to be investigated. We hypothesise that LCN-2 is a novel potential myokine, acting post exercise in an endocrine fashion that affects lipid metabolism. Methods Primary human myotubes were isolated from healthy volunteers and cultured to study LCN-2 expression and secretion in response to EPS stimulation and AICAR treatment. The lentiviral inducible vector pINDUCER20 was used to enable inducible overexpression of LCN-2 in human primary myotubes. Lastly, adipocytes were exposed to conditioned media (CM) derived from human myotubes that overexpress LCN-2 to study the crosstalk between muscle and adipose tissue. Results We found that LCN-2 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in a time- dependant manner (2 h, 4 h, 16 h) by EPS (p<0.0001; 6-fold post-16 hr) and protein was secreted by human myotubes in response to 16 h of EPS (p<0.0001; 43% increase). Moreover, the level of LCN-2 secretion by myotubes increased in response to AICAR treatment for 48 h (p<0.0001; 3-fold increae). Lipid accumulation in adipocytes (3T3L-1) reduced significantly post-48 h when adipocytes (3T3L-1) were exposed to 50% CM derived from human myotubes that overexpress LCN-2 (p<0.0001; 3-fold). Moreover, a significant increase in release of glycerol (nmol/mg of cell protein) post48 h occurred when exposed to human myotube CM (p<0.001; 2- fold). Additionally, we found that ATGL protein was upregulated in response to LCN-2 containing conditioned medium (p<0.0001; ~ 4-fold). Conclusion We conclude that LCN-2 is a novel exercise-induced myokine that appears to induce lipolysis and decrease lipid accumulation in adipocytes.22 0Item Restricted The Effeciveness of Combining both Exercise Training and Inspiratory Muscle Training in the Treatment of Patients with Heart Failure to Improve their Quality of Life: A Systematic Review(2023-03-20) Jaber, Amal; Tame, Jo-DeeBackground: Heart failure is a multi-organ dysfunction that affects multiple systems, including the cardiovascular, and respiratory systems, potentially becoming a major contributor to oedema, dyspnoea and exercise intolerance. Dyspnoea and exercise intolerance are associated with a poor prognosis, worsened by raising physical activity levels during regular everyday activities. Consequently, poor quality of life is reported in heart failure patients as they are less healthy or able to engage in daily activities. Exercise training alone has enhanced the quality of life for heart failure patients as has inspiratory muscle training alone. Combining exercise with inspiratory muscle training may offer additional benefits in terms of patients’ quality of life. This review aims to determine the benefits in quality of life when combining exercise and inspiratory muscle training for therapy with heart failure patients. Objectives: To determine if there is evidence that exercise and inspiratory muscle training combined enhance people with heart failure's quality of life. To identify any evidence that indicates that using exercise and inspiratory muscle training combined is more beneficial for treating people with heart failure than using either one alone, in terms of enhancing quality of life. To determine the course of future research in this field. Methods: To meet the aim and objectives, a systematic review was conducted. Randomised control trials were selected for this review. Several sources were used between September first and November 18, 2022, including EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, Trip PRO, ASSIA and Dimensions.ai. Each randomised control trial’s methodological quality was evaluated by two independent reviewers. Data was synthesised using a narrative synthesis because of heterogeneity of the data. Results: There were found to be five randomised control trials of moderate to high quality with a total of 402 participants. The combination of exercise and inspiratory muscle training was shown to be statistically significant regarding quality of life outcomes pre-post intervention in all five trials (P < 0.05). There were statistically significant findings regarding quality of life outcomes pre-post inspiratory muscle training alone but not for exercise alone. Conclusion: The use of exercise training and inspiratory muscle training together to improve quality of life in people with heart failure is consistently supported by the present data, according to this systematic review. This combination may improve the quality of life in heart failure patients more than exercise alone, but to an extent that is similar to inspiratory muscle training alone. Further research is required to investigate the effects of specific types of exercise and inspiratory muscle training on quality of life outcomes in patients with heart failure, in addition to comparing the results of the combination intervention with exercise or inspiratory muscle training alone. Keywords: Inspiratory muscle training, exercise, quality of life, heart failure.26 0Item Restricted Exploring And Assessing The Level Of Physical Activity Among Physiotherapists In Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Survey(2023-03-06) Alnaji, Abdulelah Hussain; Phillips, NicolaBackground: Physical activity (PA) is an essential part of good health. There is considerable evidence of declining PA globally, including in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). One of the primary goals of physiotherapists is to advocate for a healthy lifestyle. Since physiotherapists act as healthy role models for their patients. However, there is a lack of information about PA among physiotherapists in KSA. Aim of the study: The current research aimed to explore the level of PA among physiotherapists in KSA and to understand the barriers to and facilitators of PA. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Methods: This study included 172 physiotherapists currently working in the KSA as citizens or residents, a large percentage of whom were male (71%; n: 122). Between 28 December 2022 and 2 February 2023, the investigator distributed an online form of the international physical activity questionnaire (short version) via various social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Results: The study's findings demonstrate: (1) 9.3% (n = 16) of the study respondents did not engage in any PA; (2) the majority of the participants (90.7%, n:156) engaged in various intensities of moderate, vigorous, and a combination of moderate and vigorous PA; (3) more than half (61%, n: 105) of the respondents followed the international PA recommendations; (4) lack of time and work commitments were the most significant challenges that the participants faced when they engaged in PA; (5) motivation to improve health and losing or maintaining weight were the most notable facilitators for participating in PA among the participants. Conclusion: According to the results, a high percentage of physiotherapists in this study participated in PA. However, nearly 39% of study participants did not meet international PA recommendations. Thus, a study with large sample size is needed to improve the generalisability of the findings.13 0