Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted REIMAGINING THE ORIENT: REVISITING THE ONTOLOGICAL REPRESENTATIONS OF THE MIDDLE EAST IN POST 9/11 AMERICAN LITERATURE(Morgan State University, 2024-11-17) Aljuaid, Sara Saleh; Newson-Horst, AdeleAfter the attacks on September 11, 2001, the Arab and Middle Eastern American communities gained a new social status as hypervisible and hyphenated citizens. Sensationalized stories about the Middle East as a terrorism and violence hub prevail in American television. Hollywood broadcasts films and T.V. shows that exhibit stereotypical representations of the Middle East and Muslim women, mirroring the Orientalist legacy in the colonies dating back to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Before 9/11, the American perception of the Middle East was inherited from the European fascination and romanticization of the Orient, causing to reproduce Orientalism aesthetics to contribute to the proliferation of capitalism and the amplification of consumerist culture in America. Since the attacks, a new rhetoric has emerged pertaining to the portrayals of Muslim women in primetime American T.V. The optics of Muslim women as exotic, hypersexualized, and oppressed have been broadcasted to provoke sentiments of sympathy and fear. The dehumanization of the Middle East by adopting the rhetoric of Muslim women’s victimhood has been utilized as a soft weapon to promote the War on Terror and the US expansionist projects in the Middle East. Arab American literature post-9/11 attempts to demystify the vagueness of conflicting identities and the emergence of discourse that focuses on the depiction of Muslim women. Arab American fiction authors internalize the Orientalist discourse, implement the Arabesque narration style, and reproduce dichotomies to create subdivisions within the Orient to appeal to Western sensibilities and to mediate finding common ground with the dominant culture.24 0Item Restricted Religiosity Moderates the Relationship Between Religious Discrimination and Quality of Life(2024-06-29) Almutairi, Khulud; Gattamorta, KarinaThis dissertation explores the prevalence and impact of religious discrimination toward Muslim nurses working in the United States, employing a comprehensive analysis that incorporates the Stress and Coping Model and the Intersectionality Framework. Data collection started in December of 2023, during a period marked by a significant surge in Islamophobia, influenced by the ongoing conflict between Palestine and Israel. This dissertation aimed to investigate how this heightened environment affected the experiences of Muslim nurses. The findings reveal notable levels of perceived religious discrimination, with 82% of the sample reporting medium to high level of religious discrimination. This proportion suggests that approximately 4 out of every 5 Muslim nurses experience significant religious discrimination in their workplace. This dissertation identified that individual factors such as age, gender, and years in the U.S., along with professional factors like clinical experience and location, significantly influenced perceptions of discrimination. Positive religious coping strategies were found to moderate but not mitigate the effects of religious discrimination on work-related quality of life, contradicting some previous research findings. Overall, this research highlights the complex and multifaceted nature of religious discrimination faced by Muslim nurses, underscoring the need for ongoing dialogue, policy development, and targeted interventions to promote an inclusive and equitable work environment in the health care sector.23 0Item Restricted Development and Evaluation of a Low Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention for Common Mental Health Problems Within Muslim Communities(University of Exeter, 2023-12-12) Alharbi, Hind Saleh M; Farrand, PaulBackground: Muslims experience the lowest recovery rate from mental health difficulties across all religious groups. However, there are many barriers at the level of Islam, Culture, systematic and provider, that prevent Muslims from access mental health treatment. Culturally adapting Low-intensity Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (LI CBT) may represent an acceptable solution. Methods: Informed by the MRC Complex Intervention framework (Skivington et al., 2021) alongside supplementary guidelines informing intervention development a Problem Solving LI CBT intervention for the treatment of depression in Sunni Muslims in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and the United Kingdom (UK) was developed. Stages I & II: Problem identification & Identification of evidence: A systematic review with a thematic synthesis was conducted to help understand the barriers that prevent adult Muslims residents in different countries from accessing psychological services and appreciate the acceptability of CBT in Muslim communities. Stage III: Determination of needs: A qualitative study (23 participants, 13 from KSA and 10 from UK) undertaken to explore suitable adaptations to CBT for Sunni Muslims in the UK and KSA. Stage IV: Modelling process and outcomes: Using the findings from Stages I – III, with input from an Islamic expert, and proof-reader helped to co-develop a Problem Solving LI CBT intervention. A qualitative study (20 participants, 9 Adult Saudi group, 3 Imams group, 8 Service related group) was also completed to refine the Problem Solving intervention to further enhance the acceptability of the intervention and inform implementation plans. Stage V: Intervention design: All results collected were used to inform final refinement of the intervention and inform the design undertaken by a professional design company with the intervention mapped using TIDieR guidelines (Hoffman et al., 2014). Results: Stage I: Four levels of barriers were identified as preventing Muslims from accessing Mental health services (Individual, Cultural, Provider, Management). Stage II: Recognised the importance of cultural adaptation to accommodate Muslim beliefs. Stage III: three groups based on acceptance of CBT and its integration with Islamic treatment appeared within Sunni Muslims in the KSA and UK, four levels of barriers (Islamic, Cultural, Individual, and Provider) were identified, in addition, LI CBT emerged as a potential solution. Stage IV: Developed a Problem Solving LI CBT intervention in Arabic for Sunni Muslims in KSA, and in English for Sunni Muslims in the UK, A qualitative study yielded three themes (Islamic, cultural, and implementation) identifying a general acceptance towards the problem solving intervention. Stage V: Described the Problem Solving LI CBT intervention mapped using TIDieR guidelines. Conclusions: This PhD developed a Problem Solving LI CBT intervention based on a deep understanding of Sunni Muslims in the KSA and UK, and highlighted the important of understanding differences between Muslim communities based on the different culture and Islamic sects.15 0