Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted The association between loneliness and Oral health among older adults In England. Secondary data analysis of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2018-2019)(University Collage London, 2024-08) Bedaiwi, Alia; Venturelli, Renato; Heilmann, AnjaBackground: Population aging is a global phenomenon, accompanied by increasing rates of oral diseases and loneliness among older adults. These two issues have significant impacts on individuals' quality of life. While the relationship between loneliness and various health outcomes is well-established, the connection between loneliness and oral health has been less explored. Aim: The aim of this research was to investigate the association between loneliness and subjective measures of oral health, including OHRQoL and SROH, among older people living in England using cross-sectional data from ELSA. Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted using data from ELSA Wave 9. The study population consisted of adults aged 50 and above, with oral health outcomes measured through OIDP and SROH, and loneliness assessed using a three-item UCLA scale. After controlling for socioeconomic, behavioral, and health-related variables, the relationship between oral health outcomes and loneliness was examined using logistic regression models. Results: The study found a significant association between loneliness and poorer oral health outcomes. Those who reported feeling lonely were more likely to experience at least one impact on daily performance due to oral health problems and were more likely to rate their oral health as fair or poor. These associations remained significant after adjusting for factors such as gender, age, cohabitation ,status, wealth, and smoking. Conclusion: Loneliness is associated with poorer oral health among older adults. Addressing loneliness could improve oral health and overall well-being, suggesting a need for integrated public health interventions that target both social and health-related factors in aging populations.9 0Item Restricted The Role of Education on The Association Between Ethnicity and Tooth Loss(King's College London, 2024-08) Alfraih, Jood; Delgado Angulo, ElsaAbstract Aim: The study aimed to explore the association between tooth loss and ethnicity and to assess the mediating role of education in this relationship. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted on cross-sectional data from adults aged 16 and over who participated in the Health Survey for England in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, and 2005. Logistic regression models were employed to examine the association between ethnicity and tooth loss, with the adjustment for sociodemographic variables. The role of education as a mediator in this relationship was also assessed. Results: The findings revealed significant ethnic differences in the prevalence of edentulism. Black Caribbean and White British participants exhibited the highest prevalence rates of edentulism, whereas Bangladeshi individuals had significantly lower odds of experiencing tooth loss. Education emerged as a critical determinant, with higher educational attainment associated with lower odds of edentulism. The mediation analysis highlighted that Black Caribbean individuals with no education had significantly higher odds of edentulism. Conclusion: The study underscores the complex interplay between ethnicity, education, and tooth loss. It highlights the need for public health interventions that target oral health education and improve access to care, particularly for ethnic minorities and lower socioeconomic groups.20 0Item Restricted DENTAL VISIT PATTERNS IN CHILDHOOD AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH DENTAL ISSUES IN ADULTHOOD(King's College London, 2024-08) Alaskar, Bayan; Angulo, Elsa DelgadoAim: To examine the frequency of childhood dental visits, identify the factors influencing these patterns, and assess their correlation with adult oral health status. Methods: This study used data from the NCDS and the BCS70. Data on dental visits was obtained during home interviews, where parents answered questions about their children's dental visits in the past year. Information on adult oral health was collected, when cohort members answered two questions about mouth and/or gum problems they had experienced. Parental social class at the time of the cohort member's birth was reported by the mother, while the cohort member's own social class was self-reported. Logistic regression models were used to test the association between childhood dental visits and oral health in adulthood. Results: The data shows significant differences in mouth and gum problems based on sex, social class, and education level, with higher prevalence among females, individuals in routine social classes, those with no education, and those without childhood dental visits. Logistic regression analysis reveals that individuals with one, two, or three childhood dental visits have lower odds of persistent mouth trouble compared to those with no visits. Specifically, those with three visits show the most significant reduction in odds. The same trend is observed for mouth/gum problems in the last 12 months, with frequent childhood dental visits linked to lower odds of these issues. Conclusion: There is a link between childhood dental visit patterns and adult oral health, with regular childhood dental visits significantly reducing the likelihood of persistent and recent mouth and gum problems30 0Item Restricted Dentists' Education, Knowledge, Attitudes and Behavior concerning the Effects of Pregnant Patients' Oral Health on Pregnancy Outcomes: A National Survey(Saudi Digital Library, 2021-12-08) Khuraybah, Abad; Boynton, James; Majewski, Robert; Salzmann, Larry; Inglehar, Inglehart; Inglehart, Marita RObjectives: Since 1996, there is empirical evidence that pregnant patients’ oral health and pregnancy outcomes are related. The objectives were to assess general dentists’ education, knowledge and professional behavior related to treating pregnant patients’ oral health and how COVID -19 affected dentists’ professional behavior related to the relationship between oral health and pregnancy outcomes Methods: 2,500 surveys were mailed to members of the American Dental Association; 96 were undeliverable and 253 were completed (Response rate: 10.52%). Results: About half of the respondents (50.2%) agreed/strongly agreed that they were well educated about treating pregnant patients in dental school. However, only about a third (34%) were satisfied with this education. The majority knew that periodontal disease was associated with preterm delivery (71.8%) and infants’ birth weight (69.3%), and that pregnant patients can safely undergo basic dental treatment (90%), tooth extractions (82.8%) and root canal treatment (90.3%). The majority delivered fillings (78.4%), periodontal treatment (69.2%) and root canal therapy (66.2%) to pregnant patients. Nearly all dentists delivered routine examinations and cleanings (94%) to these patients and discussed the importance of oral health during pregnancy (91.6%). A total of 38.6% was concerned about legal risks and 38.6% believed there were no guidelines for treating pregnant patients. COVID did not change treatment patterns for the majority of respondents. The better their dental school education was, the more knowledge they had about pregnant patients’ oral health care (r=0.19;p<0.001) and the more likely they were to deliver this care (r=0.30;p<0.001). Conclusions: Increasing educational efforts in dental school and continuing education about the effects of pregnant patients’ oral health on pregnancy outcomes is needed to improve related knowledge and professional behavior.30 0Item Restricted A service evaluation of children and caregivers who are referred to dental specialists at St Thomas and King’s Hospital Paediatric Dental Institution in London.(Saudi Digital Library, 2021-10-01) Almegren, Nora; Hosey, Marie ThereseBackground: Dental caries is the most prevalent disease affecting children worldwide. It does not only affect oral health, but also a child’s health and wellbeing. This service evaluation reports on the preventive care received by children prior to referral at the specialist paediatric dental hospital at St Thomas’ Hospital, London. Method: Data were collected retrospectively from computerized referral records for children referred to specialist paediatric dental service at St Thomas’ Hospital London between December 2019 to July 2020. Data were manually processed into an electronic database. Patient demographics, reason for referral, dental history and prevention advice were recorded. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: One hundred and twelve referral forms were reviewed. There were 46 girls and 66 boys. Majority of children were healthy, pre-cooperative, with urgent referrals. Fifty-eight children (52%) were referred due to dental caries, of these 34 were between the age of 0-to-7 years. Out of 112, 62 children (55%) were regular attendees and 50 (47%) were occasional attendees or had never attended previously. Eleven families already have had another child undergone extraction for dental caries. All referred children received verbal dental advice (oral hygiene and dietary) from the referrer. Conclusion: The majority of children were referred for dental treatment under specialist in a hospital dental service at St Thomas Hospital were high-caries-risk- children. As ECC can be preventable, prevention measures are essential to ensure families the effectiveness of home care liaising with the local dentist’s preventive care to reduce future incidence of caries as the vast majority were referred due to dental caries. The importance of shared care between practitioners and specialist in hospital providing multidisciplinary care for the child’s quality of life. Further investigation to explore the health care at home and promote local community oral health service at home and nursery schools.11 0Item Restricted An ethnographic study on the oral health and access to dental care of Indigenous people in Montreal(McGill University, 2022-11-06) Danish, Basem; Bedos, ChristopheBackground: Although the population of Indigenous people living in urban centres has significantly increased over the past decades, limited research exists about their oral health and access to dental services. We thus know very little about their perspectives, experiences, and needs concerning oral health. However, this knowledge is needed to guide oral health policies and service delivery for urban Indigenous people. Objectives: Our objectives were to (i) understand how urban Indigenous people perceived and experienced oral health and (ii) describe their dental care pathway, including their experiences with dental professionals. Methodology: We conducted a focused ethnography, a useful and practical approach that is sensitive to cultural and social diversity and enables researchers to understand how people from certain cultures integrate health beliefs and practices into their lives. We organized individual in depth interviews with a purposeful sample of 20 Indigenous people living in Montreal, Québec. The interviews were in English, lasted approximately 90 minutes, and were audio-recorded to be transcribed verbatim and analyzed. In addition, we conducted participant observation of various Indigenous cultural events and health conferences in Montreal. Field notes were taken during these events and analyzed. The data analytic process comprised several stages, including summarizing the text, coding it into categories, and merging these categories to create themes. Findings: The participants had a bicultural perception of oral health, although the Western perspective seemed to dominate the Indigenous culture. Through the Indigenous lens, participants tended to understand oral health around the concepts of holism and balance. According to them, good oral health was important to achieve well-being and equilibrium between the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of life. Applied to oral health, participants emphasized eating and drinking in moderation to maintain equilibrium and stressed the role of teeth in eatingtraditional diets. In agreement with Western culture, they mentioned the importance of teeth for function and aesthetics and valued personal oral hygiene as well as regular visits to the dentist. Concerning access to dental care, participants reported experiencing challenges in their lives, such as discrimination, unemployment, or chaotic life experiences, which prevented them from searching for a dentist. Finding a dentist was another issue, with participants indicating a shortage of dentists who accepted Non-Insured Health Benefits (NIHB) program beneficiaries. Because of this limited availability of dentists, some participants would return to their home communities to access dental services. Regarding the dental care episode, participants mentioned preferring dental professionals who knew and respected Indigenous culture and had good interpersonal skills. While the NIHB covered the cost of most dental treatments, some participants were required to pay for ineligible services, and some dentists refused to accept NIHB eligibility documents. Conclusions and recommendations: Urban Indigenous people face challenges and needs that require recognition by oral health professionals and policymakers. We invite these stakeholders to draw on our findings to support policies and services that facilitate access to and improve the oral health of urban Indigenous people24 0Item Restricted The Health Benefits of Probiotic Lactobacillus Plantarum: A systematic review and Meta-analysis(2023) Aljohani, Amal; Xiao, JinTo ensure effective implementation of probiotics in clinical practice, it is crucial to comprehend the specific strains and their association with human health. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence on the impact of Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic consumption on human health. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library in March 2022. Out of 11831 records, 135 studies were assessed qualitatively, and 18 studies were included in the meta-analysis. This systematic review provided evidence that probiotic supplementation, either in combination with L. plantarum or L. plantarum alone, can significantly benefit patients with specific pre-existing medical conditions by improving test results or alleviating symptoms, in the field of periodontal health, gastroenterological health, Mental health, Cardiovascular health, Endocrine health and Dermatological health. Understanding the strain-specific function and effect of probiotics is crucial to comprehending their potential therapeutic benefits for specific medical conditions. Our study's clinical significance highlights the importance of considering probiotic strain and their application to specific diseases when planning future studies and clinical interventions, emphasizing the need for further research in this area.26 0