Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Optimizing Healthcare Outcomes with a Medical Recommendation System Based on Machine Learning(Bahrain Polytechnic, 2024-08-18) Aldalbahi, Shrouq; Fawzy, AbdelhameedHealth care is extremely reliant on technology in a digital age, and this plays an important part in the fight against many diseases.Despite technological advancements, Misdiagnosis continue to pose a significant global health challenge. For avoiding these risks, This thesis is to explore how Machine Learning algorithms can be used in the disease diagnosis by building an ML-based Medical Recommendation System that significantly enhances the accuracy of disease diagnosis .Additionally, Even in an age where technology has become far more advanced and information is readily available to many people, a lot of people still follow traditional long-winded methods for seeking medical attention which can be time-consuming. This thesis also proposes a method for providing complete and detailed treatment recommendations these recommendations include descriptions of diseases, precautions, medications, exercise routines, and dietary suggestions tailored to the patient’s needs using machine learning. Utilizing two datasets of patient symptoms to train and test the models, we found that for dataset 1 the MultinomialNB model performed best at 97.36\%,followed by SVC at 94.44\%. Regarding dataset 2, the DNN model performed best at 84.19\%. This study implies that ML and DL algorithms could decreasing misdiagnosis, and improving patient care. This thesis illustrates a strong framework for application of advanced technologies in healthcare highlighting their transformative impact and substantial benefits, ultimately optimizing resource utilization for doctors and enhancing care and information for patients.48 0Item Restricted The Role of Pharmacists on Virtual Wards : A Focus Group Study(University of Brighton, 2024) Alahmari, Ahmed; Jeffs, SimonAbstract Objectives: This study explores the constantly changing role of pharmacists in virtual wards. Its main objective is to identify the precise challenges faced by pharmacists and pharmacy technicians. It also seeks to explore the manner in which these professionals can improve patient care by improving operational efficiency in digital care settings. Methods: The study employs a qualitative design, using focus group discussions with a sample of pharmacists and pharmacy technicians from Sussex Community NHS Foundation Trust. The data was analysed using thematic analysis, which helped extract key themes, including changing clinical roles, adaptation of technology, gaps in training, operational barriers, concerns about data security, and the impact of policy and workload in service delivery. Results: It was concluded that pharmacists are increasingly playing an active role in multidisciplinary teams (MDTs), taking up responsibilities in making clinical decisions, including patient management and independent prescribing. Specifically, pharmacists expressed concern in relation to the need for more advanced training on digital health technologies, including systems that monitor patients remotely. Furthermore, data security management was noted as an important matter, particularly in settings where digital tools were changing at a fast pace. Findings also show that operational inefficiencies, worsened by poor communication and geographic dispersion, obstruct the delivery of care. Conclusion: Integrating pharmacists into VWs is changing the character of their roles, calling for a higher degree of clinical independence and proficiency in digital health tools. Even though pharmacists are becoming more involved in direct patient care, there are still gaps in technological infrastructure and inadequate specialised training, which limits their effectiveness. Dealing with these issues using targeted interventions, such as enhanced training programs, better integration of technology, and more equitable distribution of workloads, is needed to optimise the contributions of pharmacists. Ultimately, it is assumed that overcoming these barriers will result in a more efficient healthcare system that improves patient outcomes.12 0Item Restricted Investigation into Inappropriately Prescribed Analgesia and Patient Care: Focus on Gabapentinoids, Neuropathic Pain and the Role of Community Pharmacy.(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-12-21) Alotaibi, Jawza; Obara, IlonaIn 2019, gabapentinoids were reclassified as a controlled substance in the United Kingdom to tackle their misuse. The focus of this thesis was to assess the safety of gabapentinoids in the management of neuropathic pain for adults and to clarify community pharmacists’ (CPs) role in tackling gabapentinoid misuse. Firstly, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate the safety of gabapentinoids. Fifty studies were included. Most adverse events (AEs) pertained to the nervous system or psychiatric disorders. Pregabalin had more AEs than gabapentin. There was no evidence of addiction to gabapentinoids found. Euphoria was the adverse event of pregabalin that may correlate with addiction. Literature suggests that gabapentinoids are commonly misused concurrently with opioid use. An in-vivo study was conducted to investigate pregabalin reinforcing efficacy after exposure to morphine self-administration. Twelve naïve rats went through three phases: acquisition, extinction, and reinstatement. A significant difference was observed between the number of active levers in the reinstatement compared to the extinction phase. Results showed that pregabalin might have a reinforcing efficacy. A second systematic review was conducted to investigate CPs‐led interventions in analgesia misuse. Six studies were included. The identified interventions were mapped to Behaviour Change Wheel. Then, a qualitative study was conducted to explore CPs’ perspectives about addressing inappropriately prescribed analgesia (IPA). Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 CPs. Nine Theoretical Domains Framework were identified. Seventeen behaviour change techniques were identified that could be considered in designing future interventions. Overall, the thesis findings provide a comprehensive safety profile of gabapentinoids in neuropathic pain. There was no evidence of gabapentinoid use causing addiction. Further investigations are required to confirm pregabalin reinforcing properties when substituted for morphine. There is limited evidence of CPs‐led interventions to tackle IPA, this thesis provides an in-depth explanation of the determinants to address IPA from CPs’ perspectives.51 0