Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Perceived Barriers and Facilitators by Critical Care Nurses and The Impact of Cultural Variations Between Nurses and Patients on End-Of-Life Care at Intensive Care Units(University of Cincinnati, 2024-10-18) Alali, Khairayah; Smith, Carolyn R.Background: Due to the complexity of medical conditions in the intensive care unit (ICU), mortality rates are typically high in most hospitals. End-of-life care (EOLC) begins when curative treatments are no longer beneficial, shifting the focus to comfort and quality of life for patients and families. Despite EOLC being a standard part of ICU management, healthcare professionals encounter complexities and uncertainties when transitioning from life-saving treatments to comfort-focused care. Additionally, EOLC in the ICU is influenced by the cultural backgrounds of both nurses and patients. The nursing culture in Saudi Arabia reflects a diverse workforce, with a significant reliance on expatriate nurses from various countries, leading to cultural and language differences that can influence EOLC. Objectives: To explore the perceived barriers and facilitators of critical care nurses in providing EOLC in intensive care units, how cultural variations between nurses and patients impact care, and how nurses address and meet the cultural needs of dying patients. Method: The study employed a qualitative descriptive method, utilizing semi-structured interviews that were conducted virtually through Zoom. Purposeful sampling techniques and a homogeneous sampling approach were used to recruit participants. Open-ended questions were used from an interview guide to prompt the critical care nurses to share their viewpoints and experiences. Results: The exploration of the perceived barriers and facilitators of critical care nurses during EOLC for terminally ill patients in the ICU revealed three main themes: (a) EOLC barriers, (b) EOLC facilitators, and (c) suggestions to improve the EOLC and overcome barriers. The exploration of how cultural variations between nurses and patients impact care, and how nurses address and meet the cultural needs of dying patients revealed five main themes: (a) cultural practices and traditions of patients & families, (b) cultural competence during EOLC, (c) culturally competent nursing care decisions and actions (d) challenges in providing culturally competent nursing care, and (e) suggestions to improve cultural competence. Conclusion: This study identified barriers to EOLC, including family acceptance, understanding of EOLC, unrealistic expectations, over-involvement, poor policy awareness, staffing shortages, high workloads, care continuity, and insufficient training. Nurses showed a strong commitment to respecting patients' cultural and religious practices but faced challenges in delivering culturally competent care. Recommendations include better family education, clear communication, integrating EOLC training into nursing education, addressing language barriers, implementing advance directives, and fostering a collaborative team environment with adequate resources and flexible visiting hours. These steps can enhance the quality and compassion of EOLC.14 0Item Restricted Advances in career development: Unveiling the voices of women academics in Saudi Arabia(Newcastle University, 2024-04-23) Alslmee, Johara; Connell, Julia; Ryan, Suzanne; Wechtler, HeidiSaudi Arabia has among the world's lowest rates of female workforce participation. For cultural reasons, women have been restricted in their work and careers. However, since 2016 the situation has changed with a major government initiative, Vision 2030, that encourages Saudi women to enter the workforce and pursue careers. The research presented here was motivated by a desire to understand how women navigate their careers and how Vision 2030 might affect this. The focus of the research, undertaken during this time of change, is Saudi academic women and their career experiences. General career development theories and literature on women’s careers are typically Western, emphasising individual and organisational factors with little regard for context, including culture, religion, and individual agency. The few studies of women’s careers in Arabic nations identify career barriers but tend to regard all Middle Eastern women as the same and fail to examine how women navigate these barriers. The aim of the research was to investigate how Saudi Arabian women academics exert their agency in traversing career barriers within the context of Islam, segregated workplaces, and a restrictive national culture. An exploratory, qualitative, multi-case study research design was employed to address the research aim. Semi-structured interviews were held with 30 academics from three public universities in different regions in Saudi Arabia. Interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis and organised into four composite narratives representing four hypothetical women academics at four different stages of their careers: early career; junior without a PhD; mid-career with overseas experience; and senior academic in a management position. Because of the inclusion of context, Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) (Lent & Brown, 1996; Lent et al., 1994) was used as a guiding theoretical framework. Through the four composite narratives, the women make a distinction between religion and culture, using their religion to resist cultural power imbalances, patriarchy, and unfair practices within their organisational cultures. These women exercised their agency in various ways to tackle career challenges and seize opportunities where they could. However, their agency is individual rather than collective as they lack support from colleagues, policies, and the organisational culture. Although the women actively resist male-dominated structures and negative sub-cultures, at times their behaviours inadvertently reinforce these problems by vii undermining the authority of female colleagues and perpetuating the cultural belief in male superiority. The research moves away from the typical Western portrayal of Muslim women as helpless victims, instead recognising them as individuals who exercise their own forms of agency within the structural and religious contexts of their lives and workplaces. Overall, the findings augur well for Saudi women being able to embrace and accelerate change. Importantly, apart from the novel use of composite narratives, the thesis contributes to three literatures: management theory generally exemplified through career development theory; specific contributions to extending factors in SCCT; and contributions to gender studies and Islamic feminism. Additionally, it offers practical implications for higher education, and university policymakers, and academic women leaders.65 0Item Restricted The Political Participation of British Muslims(University of Essex, 2024-03-15) Alsolami, Shaher Shbab; Bartle, JohnThis thesis investigates the political participation of British Muslims. I proposed three questions as follows: Paper 1) To what extent does the political participation of British Muslims vary across time and space (Chapter 2)? Paper 2) To what extent does the religious institution ‘mosque’ impact the political participation of British Muslims (chapter 3)? Paper 3) How the political environment associated with key institutions, such as the two major political parties, impact British Muslim political participation (Chapter 4). Methods: I explore the political participation of British Muslims across time and space using the British Elections Panel Study (BEPS) between 2014 to 2020, the Euro-Islam dataset and Pippa Norris’s Westminster constituency dataset. I investigate the impact of mosque attendance on electoral and protest participation by using the British Election Study Ethnic Minority Booster sample 2010 (EMBES). I explore the impact of the two major parties of government on participation by British Muslims by drawing on evidence from various sources, including biographical accounts of Muslims and reports in the media. Findings: British Muslims are very similar to other religious groups in their response to political events. There is no difference between them and other groups in terms of political integration. At aggregate level constituencies with higher proportions of Muslim constituencies have a higher rate of turnout compared to otherwise identical constituencies. Mosques play a significant role in their participation, whether electoral or other forms of participation. These institutions encouraged protest activities such as boycotts, petitions, and demonstrations. This may be because British Muslims receive less attention, especially in tackling Islamophobia and discrimination from the mainstream political parties “Conservative and Labour”. This creates a negative political environment, this may a tendency to protest activities were among British Muslims in 2010.32 0Item Restricted A Long Annotated Translation of An Ancient Egyptian Book of The Dead: The Papyrus of Sobekmose by Paul F. O’Rourke(Saudi Digital Library, 2023-11-23) Alghanmi, Mohammed; Elgindy, AhmedThis MA long annotated translation project delves into the profound realm of ancient Egyptian funerary traditions and religious beliefs through the translation of "An Ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Papyrus of Sobekmose" by Paul F. O’Rourke. The objective is to provide readers with a nuanced and culturally resonant insight into the Egyptian conception of the afterlife. The chosen text, with its intricate blend of religious doctrines and funerary rituals, offers a unique window into the spiritual fabric of ancient Egyptian society. The translation process involves meticulous consideration of cultural nuances, linguistic intricacies, and the preservation of the text's inherent spiritual depth. Special attention is given to rendering terms related to the Egyptian pantheon, such as Osiris, Nephthys, and Isis, in a manner that captures both their linguistic essence and cultural significance. The exploration of the Ba, Ka, Ren, Akh, and other components of the soul within Egyptian mythology further enriches the reader's understanding of the intricate interplay between life and the afterlife. By employing translation strategies that balance linguistic accuracy with cultural sensitivity, this long annotated translation aims to transport readers into the heart of ancient Egyptian beliefs. The resulting translated text not only unveils the subtleties of religious practices but also contributes to a broader scholarly understanding of ancient Egyptian civilization and its profound insights into the mysteries of existence and beyond.44 0Item Restricted From The Other Side: A Critical Study Of Edward Steiner'S Approach To Twentieth-Century Immigration(Kent State University, 2023-04-20) Alsulobi, Najwa; M’Baye, BabacarThe dissertation focuses on neglected aspects of the history of immigration in the United States during the turn of the twentieth century. Reviving the writings of Edward Steiner, the dissertation also explores the representations of immigration in his fictional works, The Mediator: A Tale of the Old World and the New (1907) and The Broken Wall Stories of the Mingling Folk (1911) as well as his nonfiction book, On the Trail of the Immigrant (1906). In these works, Steiner interweaves his immigration experiences with those of his fellow immigrants. His first novel, The Mediator, shows that both the hybridity of religion and the combined role of ghettoization and other community structures in their hometown and New York’s Lower East Side shaped the experiences of Eastern European Jewish immigrants. Relatedly, Steiner’s short story collection, The Broken Wall, challenges assumptions about the turn-of-the-century immigrants’ reactions to assimilation. Exploring what Steiner termed as “mingling,” the second chapter of this dissertation demonstrates that he envisioned the incorporation of immigrants into mainstream America as an individual, selective process tailored to the immigrants’ choices and needs to adapt to their new home country. Examining On the Trail of the Immigrant, the third chapter contextualizes Steiner’s critiques of and experiences with the immigration journey. This chapter reflects on Steiner’s criticisms of the steamship lines’ handling of the third-class travelers (commonly referred to as steerage), the admission process at Ellis Island, and his counterattacks on the Immigration Restriction League. This chapter also shows that Steiner’s views of the turn of twentieth-century immigration lodged East European immigrants’ experiences in the heart of America’s race saga.36 0