Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations
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Item Restricted Hydrogen Supply Chain Transitions: A Literature Review of Socio-Technical Challenges and Policy Gaps(Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Almelaifi, Mazen; Yazdani, NahidHydrogen is increasingly becoming a vital strategy for global decarbonisation with the potential to reduce the high carbon emissions in different sectors such as heavy industry and transportation. However, the scalability of hydrogen supply chains (HSCs) remains uncertain and is obstructed by ongoing technical, institutional and social challenges. This dissertation investigates socio-technical barriers and policy gaps that slow hydrogen transition process and how to improve governance and coordination A systematic literature review was carried out under PRISMA 2020, identifying 56 peer-reviewed studies published between 2020 and 2025. Studies were sourced from five databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and NUsearch. Data extraction and thematic synthesis methods identify studies across social, technical and policy aspects. The findings show the gap in the advancement of the technological aspect compared to other aspects. Despite that hydrogen has high production costs, low efficiency and limited infrastructure readiness. Governance and policy gaps consisting of fragmented institutions, regulatory uncertainty, and weak integration across sectors are barriers to hydrogen deployment. Research found social acceptance to be conditional, influenced by legitimacy, trust, safety, fairness and local resistance. Solutions involved national strategies, regulatory clarity, inclusive stakeholder engagement and adaptive governance mechanisms. The study's contribution to the literature is about systematically mapping socio-technical and policy gaps and identifying some underexplored areas of legitimacy, equity, and stakeholder engagement. This study highlights the Global North bias in the findings, and scaling hydrogen requires technological optimisation alongside bridging the governance and social gaps.16 0Item Restricted Evaluating Emergency Evacuation Procedures during Hajj Pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia(Coventry University, 2025) Alanezi, Khalid; Parkinson, EmmaHajj is one of the largest mass gatherings globally held annually. It invites over two million pilgrims from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds. An effective crowd safety and evacuation design is deemed relevant and should align with the logistical and behavioral challenges unique to the ritual sites. This professional paper looks at emergency evacuation procedures adopted during the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia. The research aimed to evaluate the current evacuation protocols, identify limitations, and suggest actionable strategies to prove safety at the pilgrim events. The study a post-positivist philosophical lens and employed a systematic literature review under the PRISMA framework. 27 scholarly sources were identified and analysed thematically. The findings show that Saudi authorities have implemented major structural and technological advances. However, the findings identify critical vulnerabilities persistent in the case of Hajj. Limitations emerging from the review are behavioral noncompliance, communication barriers and command structures that are over-centralized. The effectiveness of evacuation is also limited by technology over dependent systems. Cross-thematic analysis revealed the need for integrated, adaptive systems to take into account technical and human factors. The study serves a basis for theory development and practice improvement where emergency evacuation is framed as a socio-technical challenge that needs planning informed by behaviours as well as multilingual communication and localized decision-making authority.22 0