Saudi Cultural Missions Theses & Dissertations

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    Exploring the Future of Green Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities — A Case Study of Saudi Arabia
    (Saudi Digital Library, 2025) Alresheedi, Tahani Aziz; Mulyata, John
    Abstract The global shift towards sustainability has elevated green logistics as a strategic priority for reducing environmental impacts across supply chains. While widely explored in advanced economies, its implementation in emerging contexts—particularly in Saudi Arabia—remains insufficiently examined. Under Vision 2030 and the Saudi Green Initiative, the Kingdom has outlined ambitious environmental and economic goals. However, operationalizing these aspirations presents complex challenges. This study investigates the challenges, opportunities, and enabling conditions for green logistics adoption in Saudi Arabia. Anchored in an interpretivist paradigm and inductive reasoning, it employs a qualitative single-case study methodology based on secondary academic literature published between 2020 and 2025. Institutional Theory and the Technology–Organization–Environment (TOE) Framework guide the analytical lens. The findings reveal a pronounced gap between high-level policy ambition and practical implementation. Major challenges include the high cost of sustainable technologies, fragmented regulatory enforcement, limited digital infrastructure, and underdeveloped sustainability culture—particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Nonetheless, significant opportunities exist, such as flagship mega-projects like the New Enterprise Operating Model (NEOM), growing investments in renewable energy and smart mobility, and increased professional awareness. Key enablers identified include improved access to green finance, organizational capacity-building, and enhanced public–private collaboration. The study concludes that strong institutional commitment must be matched with systemic readiness to ensure inclusive, sector-wide transformation. It offers policy recommendations focused on enhancing SME access to green finance, embedding sustainability in education and training, and clarifying regulatory pathways. Addressing these gaps would position Saudi Arabia as a regional leader in sustainable logistics. Keywords: Green logistics; sustainability; Vision 2030; Saudi Arabia; Institutional Theory; TOE Framework
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    Comprehensive Framework for Blockchain Technology Adoption in Saudi Public Hospitals
    (Saudi Digital Library, 2023-06-21) Khwaji, Adel Abdulrahman; Hussain, Farookh Khadeer
    Background: Blockchain has great potential and promise in the healthcare sector, even though it has not yet seen widespread adoption. Blockchain is able to address most concerns in healthcare such as security, privacy, interoperability, data sharing and counterfeit medicines. As part of the Saudi Vision 2030, the Ministry of Health established strategic goals aimed at enhancing healthcare services and transforming the healthcare system. The main challenge with blockchain adoption is to ensure that users will accept this new technology. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to empirically examine the determinants that affect blockchain adoption in public hospitals in Saudi Arabia. It is apparent that there is scant research examining issues related to the adoption of blockchain in developing countries and Saudi Arabia in particular. It is essential to identify and understand the determinants of intentions to use blockchain technology to identify key areas for interventions aimed at enhancing future use. In this thesis, the perspectives of IT employees are taken into consideration. A conceptual framework for the successful adoption of blockchain technology is subsequently proposed based on the technological, organisational and environmental (TOE) framework. This research also investigates IT employees’ preferences towards moving healthcare information system (HIS) applications to blockchain technology and proposes a set of guidelines to encourage public hospitals to adopt blockchain technology. Methods: Quantitative research data were collected via a cross-sectional questionnaire survey from IT employees who work in Saudi hospitals and 363 responses were considered valid. The data were analysed using SPSS and AMOS software. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test reliability and validity. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was carried out to test the proposed hypotheses and to identify the determinants that derive the technological, organisational, environmental and human dimensions which influence blockchain adoption in the Saudi hospitals. Results: A descriptive analysis revealed that about 70 percent of the participants had little knowledge of blockchain technology. 81% of the variance in Behavioral intentions was explained by the adapted research framework (R2 = 0.81). The results of the path analysis showed that all the determinants had a significant influence at the level of 0.05 (p < 0.05). Standardised path coefficients showed that government support (beta = 0.28, p < 0.001) had the greatest significantly positive effect on IT employees' Behavioral intention to adopt blockchain. Conclusion: This study provides theoretical empirical evidence based on the TOE framework regarding Saudi healthcare IT employees' attitudes towards blockchain technology. It also presents evidence of the empirical validity of a new extension to the TOE framework by adding two context-specific determinants, namely decision-maker innovativeness and technical competence with their respective measurement scales. The practical implications of the research are offered to governments, hospitals and decision makers so they can achieve a high level of acceptance and usage of blockchain technology
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